DEGREES GRANTED IN ADULT EDUCATION PROGRAMS

Senator PELL. Another more general question is perhaps Dr. Keller might answer it-What proportion of the State institutions gave degrees, on the basis of adult education?

Dr. KELLER. I don't think I have that. I am sure the Office of Education could get it for us, but, insofar as my own knowledge is concerned, few institutions give the full degree by the continuing education process, but more of them are going into the field and mostly in technology.

In my own institution, Penn State, we gave the master of engineering degree, without residence requirements, and I know more of this is being done. I think we could get that for you, for the record.

Dr. PHILLIPS. I think you would be interested, sir, in Rhode Island. At this commencement, they gave a degree to 14 students, none of whom were ever the so-called campus students.

Senator PELL. That is what led me to ask the question.

Dr. HARRINGTON. Federal aid would make this much easier to do. It is one of the ways to get students interested, by affording them an opportunity for some particular kind of training and then they will go on and get a degree.

Senator PELL. Would you say that half a dozen universities would have the same program, would give full degrees?

Dr. HARRINGTON. Yes, sir, more than 20.

Senator PELL. And all requirements to be met by going to extension courses?

Dr. HARRINGTON. Yes, sir. The Universtiy of Florida, for example, is just now establishing a program in connection with the missile sites down there, to enable them to get advanced work.

Senator PELL. Thank you, gentlemen, very much indeed, for having appeared here.

The subcommittee is recessed until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning, when we will reconvene.

(Whereupon, at 12:30 p.m., a recess was taken until 10 a.m., Thursday, June 13, 1963.)

EDUCATION LEGISLATION-1963

THURSDAY, JUNE 13, 1963

U.S. SENATE,

SUBCOMMITTEE ON EDUCATION OF THE

COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE,

Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to recess, at 10: 10 a.m., in room 4232, New Senate Office Building, Senator Quentin N. Burdick presiding pro tempore.

Present: Senators Burdick, Hill, and Pell.

Also present: Senator Mundt, of South Dakota.

Committee staff members present: Stewart E. McClure, chief clerk; Charles Lee, professional staff member of the subcommittee; Michael J. Bernstein, minority counsel; and Ray D. Hurley, associate minority counsel.

Senator BURDICK. This morning we will have three witnesses-Miss Helen Miller, State librarian, Idaho State Library, Boise, Idaho; Mr. Emerson Greenaway, director, Free Library of Philadelphia; and we were to have Mrs. Austin McKay. I understand that she is indisposed and that Miss Germaine Krettek will come forward and take her place.

At this time, without objection, I would like to insert in the record a statement by the Honorable Thomas McIntyre, introducing Mrs. Mildred McKay.

(The statement referred to follows:)

PREPARED STATEMENT OF HON. THOMAS J. MCINTYRE, A U.S. SENATOR FROM THE STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

Mr. Chairman, I would like to comment on the statement on public community libraries which was prepared for presentation to the subcommittee by Mrs. Mildred McKay, our New Hampshire State librarian.

Mrs. McKay is a native of New Hampshire and graduate of Wheaton College and the Simmons Library School. Since 1942 she has been the New Hampshire State librarian and before then she served for 8 years as the librarian of Colby Junior College. She was a member and chairman of the New Hampshire Public Library Commission in 1941 and 1942 and president of our State library association in 1939 and 1940.

She has pioneered in the development of interstate library services and periodicals and has been an active member of the American Library Association, president of the National Association of State

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Libraries in 1955, and the director of the New England Library Association from 1938 to 1939.

In 1961 Mrs. McKay received an honorary degree from her alma mater, Wheaton College, in recognition of her dedicated work to provide better library facilities for all. As close personal friends for many years, my wife and I have taken pride in her service and know very well the truth of the Ben Thompson citation she received in 1959 from the University of New Hampshire, which said, "We have gained immensely, as posterity will continue to gain, from her concern for the improvement of reading opportunities for all ages."

I know that Mrs. McKay attaches particular importance to the way the enactment of this legislation would help to create better libraries in towns with too little tax revenue to support a meaningful scale of library activity, and also the assistance that improved libraries can provide to small business. I am grateful for this opportunity to point out how proud all of us in New Hampshire have been that Mrs. McKay serves us as State librarian, and would like to assure the members of the subcommittee that this statement fully reflects the years of hardwon experience and dedicated service that has won Mrs. McKay such a central position in State library services and the affection of our New Hampshire citizens.

I am particularly grateful to you, Mr. Chairman, for permitting Miss Germaine Krettek to read Mrs. McKay's statement. Thank you very much.

STATEMENTS OF MRS. AUSTIN MCKAY, DIRECTOR, STATE LIBRARY, CONCORD, MASS., AS READ BY GERMAINE KRETTEK, ASSOCIATE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCICIATION; HELEN MILLER, STATE LIBRARIAN, IDAHO STATE LIBRARY, BOISE, IDAHO; AND EMERSON GREENAWAY, DIRECTOR, FREE LIBRARY OF PHILADELPHIA, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Miss KRETTEK. With your permission, I would like to read excerpts from Mrs. McKay's statement and ask that the entire statement be made a part of the record.

Senator BURDICK. Without objection, so ordered.

Miss KRETTEK (reading from Mrs. McKay's prepared statement): I am Mildred P. McKay, director of the New Hampshire State Library and a member at large of the American Library Association Council, its governing body.

As State librarian in my native State for some 20 years, as a past president of the American Association of State Librarians and a present member of its committee on standards, and as a one-time director of the New England Library Association, I have been intimately connected all my professional life with problems of library service throughout the Nation, as well as New England and New Hampshire.

I am here today to speak in support of title VI, part C, "Public Community Libraries," of S. 580. It is my firm belief that passage of this legislation is in the best interest of our Nation because it is a

Libraries have been brought to an important threshold of development through the impetus of Federal assistance under the Library Services Act.

It is appropriate, in my opinion, that the Federal Government continue to expand its share in the development of library services for all of the people of this country, if they are to fulfill with wisdom their responsibilities as citizens.

NEW HAMPSHIRE PUBLIC LIBRARIES

Since I know New Hampshire best, I should like to discuss briefly its library problems, which epitomize the problems of the majority of libraries in the country.

The present Library Services Act provides only 4.4 percent of all money spent for State and public library service in New Hampshirewhile 80.8 percent is local and 14.8 is State provided. Additional Federal funds as proposed in S. 580 will, I am convinced, multiply the excellent results we have been able to measure from the original Federal effort.

We know, for example, that in our State we have had a measurable 61 percent increase in library use between 1957 and 1961-greatly due to the effects of Library Services Act funds.

Using Federal funds, we have demonstrated to our complete satisfaction that cooperative library action in book purchasing, for example, produces not only better service but expanded service at a

lower cost.

We are so firmly convinced of it-and our people are so firmly of a mind on it-that further cooperation is a major plank in a new program for a stronger statewide library system now before our legislature. Among other things, we aim for a borrower's card good in every affiliated library in the State in addition to the savings in library operation.

In our State the "lost" libraries-and just as surely in all our States are those in places with population ranging from 10,000 to 100,000. Almost always local budgets are inadequate to provide funds for a sufficiently wide variety of books to meet the requirements of students, of industry, and those who seek general cultural materials. No Federal assistance is now available for them.

It has been demonstrated frequently that really good library service cannot be achieved by libraries in communities with populations under 100,000, without some outside assistance. This fact is true in New Hampshire and corroborated by studies made by the Social Science Research Council, and many State libraries.

Today there are almost 1,800 municipalities in the Nation with populations ranging from 10,000 to 100,000. The places from 10,000 to 50,000 are of special concern, for more than 32 million people live in these areas, and yet their limited sources of tax dollars do not permit them adequate library services and books.

In New Hampshire we have, for our 600,000 people, no less than 232 local public libraries in our towns and cities. None are on a county basis. They range from those with a few thousand volumes and very limited annual book buying, to but 3 with 100,000 volumes and substantial annual purchases.