A Company Grant Medical College, Bombay. B Company-St. Xavier's College, Bombay. Elphinstone College, Bombay. C Company-Fergusson College, Poona. D Company-Agricultural College, Poona. At the annual Camp 408 students attended. Many more would have come to the Camp but for an outbreak of plague in the Poona District. The training was on the whole satisfactory especially as regards the students from certain Colleges where the University authorities take an active interest in the Corps. Karachi Corps Auxiliary Force.-Recruiting in the 2nd Battalion, B. B. & C. I. Railway Regiment, and the Karachi Corps Auxiliary Force has been satisfactory and a good supply of the right type of man has brought up the strength of these Battalions to establishment. Training and Musketry have been carried out satisfactorily during the year. The 2nd Battalion, B. B. & C. I. Railway Regiment, won the Richardson Inter-Battalion Challenge Cup for the second year in succession and two silver medals and the Magdala and one other bronze medal in the Army Championships. The Karachi Corps also held a successful Corps Rifle Meeting. PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS Bombay and Karachi Societies.--During the year 1922 the Agents of the Society in Bombay City prosecuted in 10,131 cases of cruelty to animals. In 9,713 cases fines were inflicted, in 382 the accused were warned and discharged and in 25 the accused were acquitted. 1,558 animals were sent to the Bai Sakarbai Dinshaw Petit Hospital for treatment while 7 animals found to be suffering from incurable diseases were sent to the Pinjrapole at Bombay. In Bandra there were 169 prosecutions, fines being inflicted in 165 cases. In three cases the accused were warned and discharged and one accused was sentenced to 7 days' simple imprisonment. The whole of the fines levied have, as usual, been given by Government to the Society after deducting certain charges. The amount thus received by the Society in 1922 was Rs. 50,336 out of the total receipts of the Society of Rs. 56,724. The expenditure was Rs. 40,309. In Karachi there were 1,975 cases of cruelty to animals prosecuted by the Agents of the Society and 1,939 convictions were obtained. The total realizations by the Society's Karachi Branch including arrears of 1921-22 amounted to Rs. 21,761. ADVANCES TO CULTIVATORS* Northern Division.-The aggregate amount advanced as takavi decreased from Rs. 114 lakhs to Rs. 11,700, the small amount being due to the favourable nature of the season and the greater care exercised in scrutinizing applications for demands. The total outstanding from previous year was Rs. 52 43 lakhs of which Rs. 23:31 lakhs were collected. Central Division.—The amount advanced decreased from Rs. 226 lakhs to Rs. 63,400. The total outstanding was Rs. 95 47 lakhs of which Rs. 29 46 lakhs were collected. Southern Division.-The amount advanced decreased from Rs. 1 lakhs to Rs. 1 lakh. The total outstanding was Rs. 24 lakhs. Collections amounted to Rs. 5 lakhs or 21.9 per cent. of the debt. In Bijapur the unauthorised arrears were heavy and were due to last year's scarcity and the holding off of early rains. Four hundred and sixty-six takavi works at Belgaum, Bijapur, Dharwar and Ratnagiri were in progress. Sind. The amount advanced fell from Rs. 16:38 lakhs to Rs. 3 49 lakhs, a decrease of Rs. 12 89 lakhs, shared by all districts. The total outstanding amounted to Rs. 49.30 lakhs of which Rs. 24 15 lakhs were collected. It should be noted that the figures for outstandings and collections do not mean that the amount was due for collection during the year. They represent the total amount of advances outstanding but not necessarily due for collection in the year under review. *This Note was received too late for inclusion in Chapter V. TRADE AND INDUSTRIES Northern Division.-Ahmedabad City is the most important industrial centre in Gujarat, the chief industry being Cotton Spinning and Weaving. There were 149 factories at the close of the year. There are two Spinning and Weaving Mills in Viramgaum, and Ginning and Pressing Factories in Rampur, Detroj and Patdi. In Kaira the Mill industry is confined to Nadiad town. After three years of prosperity, the industry experienced a distinct set back and business was depressed. The demand for cloth slackened, stocks accumulated and the mill owners found it necessary either to reduce wages or curtail the number of working days. This was followed by a strike in almost all the mills which lasted for over two months and ended in favour of the employers. In Broach the area under cotton rose from 221,000 to 298,000 acres on account of favourable rains and high prices of cotton. The Indian Dairy Supply Company in the Kaira district exported 134,400 lbs. of butter as against 210,176 lbs. in the previous year. The handloom industry of the district received more encouragement on account of increased demand for khaddar cloth. In the Panch Mahals the extension of ground-nut cultivation in recent years in the Kalol Taluka has been an important factor in the growth of trade of that Taluka. The three ginning factories at Halol where cotton is the chief consideration worked as before as did also the Manganese mines at Shivrajpur and Bamankuwa. The brick making industry in the Surat district which expanded very quickly during the building boom after the war, collapsed with equal rapidity. Prices fell heavily and many factories have been closed. In Thana the trade in Timber and Bricks suffered owing to fall in prices. Central Division.-Owing to the good season the outturn of the cotton crop in East and West Khandesh was above the average and gave ample work to gins and presses. The mills *This Note was received too late for inclusion in Chapter VI at Sholapur again realised good profits though not so high as last year. The Spinning and Weaving Mills at Poona, Jalgaon and Amalner also had a good year. The hand loom weaving industries in Ahmednagar, Nasik, Satara and Sholapur continued to do well. The Reay Paper Mill at Mundhwa (Poona), the Glass Factories at Talegaon (Poona) and Ogalewadi (Satara), the Ravi Varma Fine Art Litho Press at Karla (Poona), and the Carpet factory at Kune (near Lonavla) had a good year. The Kirloskar Brothers' Iron Factory (Satara) and the Match Factory at Karad (Satara) are in a flourishing condition whilst another factory has been opened at Satara Road Railway Station for the manufacture of ploughs. The Belapur Sugar Company (Ahmednagar) made little profit owing to the fall in the price of jaggery. The Nira Valley Sugar Company at Baramati (Poona) started working their factory during the year and the Hanuman Sugar Factory at Fursingi (Poona) worked on a small scale. Southern Division.-Owing to poor outturn the Cotton and Grain trade was dull. The majority of the Cotton Ginning and Pressing Factories did not get full work. Only the Gokak Falls Mills which are not dependent on local supply did well. The Wheat crops in Dharwar suffered from a bad season while the demand for Kolaba rice decreased considerably on account of larger imports of Burma rice and a fall in prices. The Weaving industry in Bijapur and Dharwar was fairly prosperous, the important centres being at Hubli, Gadag, Gajendragad, Shirol and Ranebennur. Efforts are being made to re-establish the carpet industry at Navalgund. Hand loom factories worked in Kanara and Kolaba districts. The khaddar movement has not added much to the weaving industry in Ratnagiri. Mill yarn is mostly used for looms. The Pioneer Clay works at Khanapur (Belgaum) and the Manaki Tile Factory (Kanara) had a good year. Bricks from Panvel and Uran (Kolaba) are exported to Bombay. The outturn of the Manikbag Oil Mill at Belgaum was normal, while the oil mills at Bijapur, Malvan and Chiplun did well. The fish oil factory at Majali and the Sardine oil factory at Honavar (Kanara) worked during the year. H 559-30 The bangle industry at Ghodgeri (Belgaum), in two villages of Bijapur and in the Khed and Chiplun Talukas of Ratnagiri did well. Baked cashew nuts to the value of about five lakhs were exported from Malvan, where the work is carried on as a cottage industry. Sind. Unfavourable economic conditions re-acted on local industries which are few in number. The rice husking factories suffered from lack of work. The Sat Narain Power Weaving Mill at Shikarpur closed down and the hand weaving and spinning factories received a serious setback. The Khadi concerns are closing for want of popular support. The leather tannery and dyeing industry showed signs of decay while other minor industries such as metal work at Ghotki and Daharki, lacquer earthenware and Pan Grass industries were also affected. Manufacturers of coarse woollen rugs and cloth however did well, as the demand for these articles increased. Oil and Sugarcane Pressing industries also prospered. Two new industries were opened during the year in the Karachi district, one for the manufacture of glass at Jungshahi and the other for the manufacture of Mangalore Tiles at Budhapur. Bombay Suburban Division.-Owing to its proximity to Bombay the district has various industries worked either with power or by manual labour. Many of the people from Bombay to avoid the congestion of the City have moved to the South Salsette Taluka and many industries have been started on the Bombay model and intiinately connected with the Bombay trade. The tanneries at Kurla, Kole Kalyan, Chembur and Shahar are steadily progressing. Allied to this industry there are some dye houses at Kurla and Chembur in which yarns are dyed and sent to Bombay for further use. The glass factory at Kurla produces fairly good material for general use. Owing to extensive building operations in the district as well as in Bombay the trade in lime, brick, stone and other building materials was brisk and on a large scale, Malvani, Gorai and Dharvli being the chief centres of this trade, owing to the abundance of raw material and transport facilities by sea motor lorries and rail. |