health, and community needs; assists in furthering the passage of proposed Federal, State, and city laws. Committee on Work for Jewish Women on Farms conducts work in several States, and proposes to extend it to all States requiring it, as rapidly as possible. A director, and resident and visiting workers supervise activities in behalf of the women in these rural communities. Committee arranges community lectures with the cooperation of the State departments of instruction and other agencies. It organizes classes in English, sanitation, disinfection, dietetics, prenatal care, infant care, canning, preserving, elementary hygiene, and home economics. Committee also has established libraries. Additional activities include surveys of health conditions of children, surveys of local facilities and of boarding and rooming houses, organization of health leagues in public schools, Parent-Teachers Associations, and the observance of religious festivals. Membership in the Council includes interested Jewish women, who pay annual dues of $3. National Council is supported by assessment paid by local chapters, $1 per member.

Department of Immigrant Aid, headquarters, 146 Henry St., New York, N. Y. Organizes branches and committees in the principal ports and cities of Europe and the U. S. Foreign representatives and committees locate persons about whom inquiry is made by their friends and relatives in America; assist girls and unprotected women at ports of embarkation, aid them in securing passage, and notify American section representatives of their pending arrival. Committees and representatives in American ports meet incoming vessels and give protection and help to immigrant girls and women regardless of their race or religion; petition for hospital treatment when necessary; attempt to facilitate their admission to ports; appeal cases of girls and wonen who have been excluded; explain detention and requirements for admission; locate friends and relatives; secure travel money from relatives and friends; give special attention to girls to be married upon landing. Representatives refer names of girls and unprotected women to branches in the cities to which they are traveling. These local branches further protect them and assist them in adjusting themselves to American life. Sections, under direction of the national office, conduct Americanization work among immigrants, holding public classes in English and teaching mothers in their own homes. National office publishes leaflets in many foreign languages, giving pertinent

information to newly arrived immigrants. This literature is distributed free of charge.

Council of Primary Education. See National Council of Primary Education.

Council of Women. See National Council of Women.

Council of Women for Home Missions. See Home Missions Council.

Counselor, Red Cross. See American National Red Cross.

Country Life Association. See American Country Life Association.

Criminal Law and Criminology Institute. See American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology.

Crippled and Disabled Men's Institute. See Institute for Crippled and Disabled Men.

Crittenton Mission. See National Florence Crittenton Mission. Czech Catholics in America Federation. See National Federation of Czech Catholics in America, Supreme Lodge.

Czech Fraternal Union. See Western Czech Fraternal Union. Czech Women's Union. See Union of Czech Women, Supreme Lodge.

Czech Women, Supreme Lodge. See Union of Czech Women, Supreme Lodge.

Czecho-Slavonian Fraternal Benefit Union (Česko-Slovanská Bratrská Podporující Jednota) (org. and inc. 1884), Pres., August R. Zicha, 516 East 87th St., New York, N. Y. Czecho-Slovak fraternal, educational organization. Operates in the U. S. only. Organizes and supervises individual lodges in local communities. Supreme Lodge sends workers to Czecho-Slovak communities desiring to organize a club and later a new lodge. Supreme Lodge pays the expenses of such visits. Lodges carry on and contribute to community betterment, welfare and educational work. They issue death benefits of $300 to $1,000, paid by assessments on total membership. Lodges in local communities pay sick benefits of $5 or $6 a week while the patient is under doctor's care. The Union holds a quinquennial meeting, open to the public, at which questions of interest to CzechoSlovaks in America are discussed. Organ C. S. B. P. J. (Orgán Č. S.

B. P. J.) (Editor, B. O. Vašku, 400 East 89th St., New York, N. Y.), monthly, published in Czech, 40 cents a year to members, not for sale to the public, is the official publication of the Union. Members' dues are 50 cents a month.

Czecho-Slovak Legion of America. See United Czecho-Slovak Legion of America.

Czecho-Slovak National Alliance (Československé Národní Sdru- we hav zení) (org. 1914, inc. 1916, reorg. 1919), Secy., Ferdinand L. Musil, ready 3734 West 26th St., Chicago, Ill. Czecho-Slovak relief organization. Operates at present in the U. S. and Czecho-Slovakia; during the War 1914-19 it worked in Siberia also. For the attainment of its aims, the Alliance uses the following means: (a) it carries on educational work for the bila sk improvement of its members and of Czecho-Slovaks in general; (b) it looks after newly arriving countrymen and acquaints them with Ameri

can institutions so as to fit them to become loyal citizens of the Repub-bs. рива lic; (c) it interprets to the American people the life of the Czecho-Slove Slovak nation and the development of the free Czecho-Slovak Repub-17 lic. National office organizes and supervises branches in local communities. Supreme Board at intervals sends a worker to various Czecho-Slovak communities to encourage the organization of branches. Supreme Board pays expenses of these visits. Branches carry on and contribute to community betterment, welfare and educational work; they also collect money and clothing to aid sufferers in Czecho-Slovakia. The Alliance holds annual meetings, open to the public, for the discussion of such topics as the education of its members and of CzechoSlovaks in general in the ideals of true Americanism, and of problems relative to the relief of war sufferers in Czecho-Slovakia. The Messenger (Poselství), monthly, published in Czech, $1.50 a year, one copy free to branches, is the official organ. Membership dues, $2 and up.

Czecho-Slovak National Council of America (Československá Národní Rada v Americe) (org. 1915), Pres., J. P. Pecival, M. D., 3756 West 26th St., Chicago, Ill. Non-sectarian educational organization of men and women, for the good of all Czecho-Slovaks. Operates in the U. S., Canada, and in the Czecho-Slovak Republic. Urges Czecho-Slovaks to become loyal American citizens and assists them in getting acquainted with the institutions of this country. Directs relief work for the needy in the U. S. and in the Republic of Czecho-Slovakia. Takes part in community betterment work. The Council has

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no branches or departments. Loans lantern slides showing scenes in Czecho-Slovakia. Issues publications on Czecho-Slovaks; some are offered for free distribution, others are for sale at nominal prices. The Messenger (Poselství) (Editor, Ferdinand L. Musil, 3734 West 26th St., Chicago, Ill.), monthly, published in Czech; The New Slovakia (Nové Slovensko) (Editor, Karel Belohlávek, Pittsburgh, Pa.), monthly, published in Slovak, $1 a year; Review (Hlidka) (published at 3207 West 22d St., Chicago, Ill.), the official organs of the CzechoSlovak National Alliance, the Slovak League of America, and the Union of Czech Catholics, respectively, serve as official organs of the Czecho-Slovak National Council. The National Council is supported by the Czecho-Slovak National Alliance, the Slovak League of America (for description of these see elsewhere in the Handbook), and by the Union of Czech Catholics.

Dairy Council. See National Dairy Council.

Daughters of America.

See Catholic Daughters of America.
See National Society

Daughters of the American Revolution. of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

Daughters of the Confederacy. See United Daughters of the Confederacy.

Daughters of 1812. See National Society U. S. Daughters of

1812.

Daughters of the King (org. 1884, inc. 1887), 84 Bible House, Astor Place, New York, N. Y. For the spread of Christianity among women and the strengthening of parish life. Works through parochial chapters, which offer social service where needed and according to local conditions, and assists in city mission and hospital work. Holds council meetings twice a year, open to the public. Does not employ field workers. Membership is open to women of Protestant Episcopal faith. Issues descriptive leaflets and bulletins, free on application, and a quarterly magazine, The Royal Cross, free to members, 15 cents a copy to non-members. Supported by membership dues, $1 a year.

Deaconess Board. See Methodist Episcopal Church, General Deaconess Board.

Deaf Association. See National Association of the Deaf.

Department of Agriculture, U. S., Washington, D. C. For the

promotion of agriculture and related interests. Activities are carried on under its various bureaus as follows:

Bureau of Animal Industry conducts meat-inspection work in a large number of establishments throughout the U. S. to prevent interstate and foreign commerce in unwholesome meat. Inspects animals before and after slaughter and maintains oversight of water supply in packing and slaughter houses. Maintains laboratories for examinations that cannot be carried on at plants. Details veterinarians to stockyard centers and feeding plants for inspection and testing of cattle. Enforces laws prohibiting entry of diseased cattle from foreign countries. Inspects imported meats and meat products at ports. Makes investigations for the extermination of house flies and other insects in establishments operating under Federal meat inspection. Secures sanitary types of plants and sanitary methods of manufacturing and handling butter, cheese, other creamery products, and ice cream. Specialists give instruction in farm butter-making, and conduct educational work among dairymen and milk-handlers; they also investigate city milk supplies and conditions of cows.

Bureau of Biological Survey assists in the control of the bubonic plague and other diseases, by the destruction of rats throughout the country, and ground squirrels in the Pacific Coast region; also in the control of spotted fever by destroying ground squirrels in the Bitter Root Valley, Montana. Conducts campaigns in the western part of the U. S. for the control and suppression of wild animals having rabies. Bureau of Chemistry enforces the Federal Food and Drugs Act. Covers foods imported, exported, or entering into interstate commerce. Aims to prevent shipment of foods containing harmful substances, sale of falsely or fraudulently labeled patent medicines and of drugs that are below the standard set by the U. S. Pharmacopoeia or the National Formulary. Develops improved methods for preparing, shipping, storing and handling foods. Through exhibits, press notices, and correspondence, Bureau conducts general educational work for cleanliness in handling foods. Laboratories conduct research work from which data are obtained for use of manufacturers, and agricultural, food, and commercial chemists. Bureau also studies molds which cause food spoilage; conducts color investigations which develop methods for the manufacture of dyes. It cooperates with the Committee on Revision of the U. S. Pharmacopoeia and assists in arriving at proper standards and definitions for drugs. Carries on campaign to prevent dust explosions