National Vocational Guidance Association (org. 1912, reorg. 1920), Secy., Russel H. Allen, 261 Broadway, New York, N. Y. A federation of associations interested in effecting proper adjustments between the individual and his vocational career. Central office serves as a clearing house of information, distributing educational material on vocational guidance to the local associations. Services are rendered free without restrictions as to sex, race, or creed. Association holds national sessions for the discussion and exchange of ideas. Any person interested in problems of vocational guidance may become a member. Supported by membership dues, $1 a year.

National Woman's Christian Temperance Union (org. 1874, inc. 1883), national headquarters, 1730 Chicago Ave., Evanston, Ill.; legislative headquarters, Bliss Bldg., 35 B St. NW., Washington, D. C. Devotes its efforts to the furtherance of the enforcement of the Volstead Act, to the perpetuation of favorable public opinion regarding prohibition, and to the general activities which have always marked the work of the organization. Has been working to destroy the liquor traffic and other harmful influences as they affect the life, health, and morals of America, and has also been conducting campaigns of education and practical effort to safeguard the interests of little children. Through local auxiliaries and individual members, the Union has organized boys of the street, shielded helpless girls, taught tenement mothers how to cook, educated foreigners to speak the English language, secured better conditions for working women, and in many other ways sought to lift the level of living in every relationship of life. Auxiliary-ship is based on endorsement of the constitution and the payment of annual per capita dues. Central office acts as a clearing house and advisory body for auxiliaries organized in every State, in Alaska, Porto Rico, and the Philippines. Union holds an annual convention, open to the public. Among the departments which conduct special work are the following: Americanization, Dir., Mrs. Culla J. Vayhinger, with Training School and Center at 1638 Blue Island Ave., Chicago, Ill.; Child Welfare, Dir., Mrs. Elizabeth A. Perkins, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Social Morality, Dir., Dr. Valeria H. Parker, 105 West 40th St., New York, N. Y.; Christian Citizenship, Supt., Mrs. Deborah Knox Livingston, Providence, R. I.; Women in Industry, Dir., Mrs. Laura Miller, 1714 Chicago Ave., Evanston, Ill.; Scientific Temperance Instruction, Dir., Mrs. Elizabeth Owens Middleton, Kansas City, Mo.; Scientific Temperance Investigation, Dir., Miss Cora Frances

Stoddard, Boston, Mass.; Health, Supt., P. S. Bourdeau-Sisco, M. D., Baltimore, Md. The General Secretary of the Young People's Branch, Mrs. Maude B. Perkins, East Syracuse, N. Y., specializes in organizing in women's colleges "Temperance Committees" for the study of alcohol from the standpoint of science, economics, and corrective agencies. The National W. C. T. U. Publishing House, Evanston, Ill., conducts mail order business in the general and departmental literature of the organization. Catalogue of publications is furnished free on request. The Union Signal, weekly, $1.50 a year, and The Young Crusader, monthly, 35 cents a year, are the official organs.

National Woman's Relief Society (org. 1842, inc. 1892), 28 Bishop's Bldg., Salt Lake City, Utah. An organization for philanthropic, spiritual, and cultural purposes, active in civic and community welfare work of various descriptions. Fosters movements for education and the emancipation of women. Seeks to advance cause of progressive education in public schools through working for the enactment, enforcement, and maintenance of progressive educational bills. Operates through local branches, many of which held temporary health clinics for children during the year 1920. Society provides in its own organization for regularly formed classes where definite subjects may be studied by members. Conducts a school for training practical nurses and nurses' aids, the course of study covering a period of one year; has accommodations for 20 students. Graduates give one month's charity nursing to the community from which they come, under direction of the local body of the Society. Society has been instrumental in the organization of a class in charities and relief work at Brigham Young University, Provo City, Utah. Circulates educational material and conducts courses of studies arranged by the extension divisions of the University of Utah and the Agricultural College of Utah. Charity work is conducted in the local groups by Relief Society officers and visiting teachers; two of the latter are appointed for every 12 families in the organization. Teachers visit families monthly, reporting cases of want and sickness. Relief is given when necessary under direction of the local president. Field workers visit local groups and conduct follow-up work along lines of activities undertaken by the national organization. Society publishes Relief Society Magazine, monthly, available to the public, $1 a year; also an Annual Report, obtainable free upon request. Services are primarily for members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons) but are not limited to

this group. Charity work is supported by contributions; other expenses are covered by membership dues, 25 cents a year.

National Women's Trade Union League of America (org. 1903), + 64 West Randolph St., Chicago, Ill. To improve the working condi- to vasse. tions of women in industry. Its platform calls for the organization of j 2+ all workers into trade unions; equal pay for equal work, regardless of sex; an 8-hour day and a 44-hour week; a living wage; full citizenship for women. Field workers organize local groups into trade unions and aid unions already organized. National organization assists in the

preparation and enactment of legislation bettering working conditions. mal..

Strives to educate the public through pamphlets and leaflets, and through lectures. Publishes Life and Labor, a monthly magazine, 10 cents a copy, $1 a year. Other literature, descriptive of the organization and of legislation pending and proposed, may be secured by application to the central office. Supported by voluntary contributions, by dues of affiliated unions and other organizations, $5 a year, and by individual membership dues, $1 and up.

Needlework Guild of America (org. 1885, inc. 1896), 505 Franklin Bldg., 133 South 12th St., Philadelphia, Pa. To collect and distribute new, plain, and suitable garments to meet the needs of hospitals, Homes, and other charities. Works through branches organized in cities and towns throughout the country. Members make annual contributions of two or more new articles of wearing apparel or household linen, or a donation of money, no amount specified. Guild makes special requests for warm undergarments, socks and stockings in pairs, mittens, gloves, caps, sweaters, petticoats, dark flannel night wear, broad-soled shoes, blankets and clothes for infants, garments for outgoing hospital patients, and flannel sacks, wrappers, bed shoes, and shoulder shawls for persons in hospitals. Special committee sends annual questionnaire to charitable institutions and hospitals to learn of their needs. Garments collected by branches are sent to the local annual meetings, and are distributed according to needs of various charities as revealed by the questionnaire replies. Guild aids no specific charity but ministers to many charities. Extension and field secretaries and voluntary speakers are available for local work. Guild publishes a biennial report, leaflets, and other descriptive literature; obtainable at national office. Lantern slides, illustrating Guild work, may be rented by branches for $5 plus expressage and breakage changes. Non-sectarian

in membership; open to men and women of all creeds and classes. Supported by contributions from branches, no amount specified. Is affiliated with the American National Red Cross and the General Federation of Women's Clubs (for description of both of which see elsewhere in the Handbook).

Negro Business League. See National Negro Business League. Negro Education Board. See Methodist Episcopal Church, Board of Education for Negroes.

Negro Life and History Association. See Association for the Study of Negro Life and History.

Negro Musicians' Association See National Association of Negro Musicians.

Negro National Educational Congress (org. and inc. 1900), Pres., J. Silas Harris, 1611 Forest Ave., Kansas City, Mo. To lift the Negro to a higher and more useful plane of American citizenship. Conducts educational work among Negroes. Through its representatives seeks to reach the rural Negro home, church, and school, with a view to improving them and making them more attractive so as to keep at home and away from crowded cities the Negro rural youth. Representatives hold community meetings and organize local branches. The national association holds an annual convention of delegates appointed by the Governors of the several States, for the discussion of plans and programs; open to the public. Exhibits showing race progress along various lines of activities in which Negroes are engaged are displayed at these annual meetings. Membership open to interested persons. Supported by membership dues, $2 a year.

Negro Relief Circle. See Circle for Negro Relief.

Negro Rural School Fund, Anna T. Jeannes Foundation (org. 1907), Box 418, Charlottesville, Va. To assist remote country schools for Negro children. Pays, either wholly or in part, the salaries of trained industrial teachers who are graduates of colored educational institutions and who work on circuits in counties of the South. These teachers seek to improve the physical condition of school children and to better the instruction given in the schools; they introduce and supervise the teaching of simple forms of industrial work in the schools and often conduct institutes for the teachers themselves; give talks and lessons on sanitation, personal cleanliness, and related topics; encourage

the improvement of school houses and school grounds. Supervisors also organize and oversee the work of clubs for the benefit of schools and neighborhoods. Supported by endowment fund and by grants from the General Education Board (for description of which see elsewhere in the Handbook).

Negro Youth Colleges. See Association of Colleges for Negro Youth.

Neighbors' League of America (org. 1917, inc. 1919), Pres., J. Foster Wilcox, 23 East 26th St., New York, N. Y. To extend Americanization among the foreign born, to teach English, and create neighborly feeling. Operates through local branches. Workers teach the English language, especially to mothers and small children who are not able to attend public classes for foreigners, and teach people of all groups in places where no public classes are held. Teachers work voluntarily and without salary. Through its work in the homes, the League seeks to supplement but not duplicate the work of other organizations teaching English. Uses Biblical material for first lessons in English wherever practicable, and supplements this teaching with instruction in home economics, civics, arithmetic, history, preparation for naturalization, or other subjects adapted to the needs of pupils. Publishes literature occasionally. Has posters, which may be seen at central office. Active members, doing personal service in Americanization work, pay annual dues of $1; contributing and other members pay $5 and up. Supported by voluntary contributions and membership dues.

New Era Movement. See Presbyterian Church, U. S. A., New Era Movement.

New York Bureau of Municipal Research and Training School for Public Service (org. 1905, inc. 1907), 261 Broadway, New York, N. Y. To extend research and education in governmental administration, municipal, State, and national. Gives instruction through laboratory or field courses in practical city and State government for public officials and those about to enter official or unofficial public service. Conducts and publishes research studies in problems of government. Furnishes expert service in dealing with special problems such as public works, finance, police, fire, budget-making, accounting, health, schools, taxation, and administrative organization. Makes appraisals for health administration and assists in drawing up constructive health