Alaska ceded by Russia to the United States, 1867, June 20.

Algerine war declared by United States, 1815, March 3.

Alien and Sedition Acts passed by Congress, 1798; expired by limitation 1801, Jan. 26. Almanacs first printed by Purback, in Vienna, 1457.

Amendments to the Constitution, 12 pro-
posed by Congress, 1789, Sept. 25, 10 de-
clared adopted 1791, Dec. 18.
America discovered by the Northmen A. D.
985 by Columbus, 1492, Oct. 12.
Anti-Slavery Society (American) organized
at Phila., 1833, Dec. 6.
Anaesthesia discovered, 1844.
Bacon's rebellion in Virginia, 1676.
Balloon ascension first made near Lyons,
France, 1783.

Bank of Venice, first in Europe, 1171.
Bank of England established, 1694.

Bank of North America established, 1781. Bank of United States, Phila., 1st charter 1791, Feb. 25: 2nd charter, 1816: expired 1836, March 3.

Berlin Decree by Napoleon, 1806, Nov. 21. Berlin Congress opened 1878, June 13. Black Hawk war with the Winnebagoes, 1832.

Boston fire, 1872, Nov. 9. Loss $73,600,000. Braddock's defeat at Monongahela, 1755, July 9.

Brown, John, execution at Charlestown, Va., 1859, Dec. 2.

Constitution ratified by States:

1. Delaware, unanimously, Dec. 7, 1787. 2. Pennsylvania, vote 46 to 23, Dec. 12, 1787.

3. New Jersey, unanimously, Dec. 18, 1787. 4. Georgia, unanimously, Jan. 2, 1788. 5. Connecticut, vote 128 to 40, Jan. 9, 1788. 6. Massachusetts, vote 187 to 168, Feb. 6, 1788.

7. Maryland, vote 63 to 12, Apr. 28, 1788, 8. South Carolina, vote 149 to 73, May 23, 1788.

9. New Hampshire, vote 57 to 47, June 21, 1788.

10. Virginia, vote 89 to 79, June 25, 1788. 11. New York, vote 30 to 25, July 26, 1788. 12. North Carolina, vote 193 to 75, Nov. 21, 1789.

13. Rhode Island, by a majority of 2, May 29, 1790. Copyright law first passed by Congress, (term 14 years,) 1790, May 31.

radically amended and extended to 28 years, (with renewal for 14 more,) 1831. consolidated and records transferred to Washington, 1870, July 8. Cotton first raised in United States, Virginia, 1621, first exported from U. S., 1747. Cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney, 1793. Creek war in Georgia, 1836.

Crimean War, Russia against Turkey,
France and England, 1853-55.
Deposits removed from U. S. Bank by Jack-
son, 1833, Oct. 1.

Donelson, Fort, Tenn., surrendered to
Grant, 1862, Feb. 16.

Dorr rebellion in Rhode Island, 1842.

Dred Scott Decision of U. S. Supreme Court, published, 1857, March 1.

Education, Bureau of, established 1867, March 2.

Electoral Commission Act approved, 1877, Jan. 29.

Electric light, invented by Lodyguin and Kossloff, Russians, London, 1874.

Jablochkoff candle successful in Paris streets, 1878.

Sawyer-Mann electric lamp, United States, 1878.

T. A. Edison's experiments in electric lighting, 1878-80.

Emancipation proclamation, 1863, Jan. 1. Embargo Act passed by Congress, 1807, Dec. 22.

Engraving, Wood, 1423 (?) Line or Steel, 1450 (?)

Envelopes first used for letters, 1839.

Erie, battle of Lake, Com. Perry's victory, 1813, Sept. 10.

Ether first used in surgical operations, 1844. Express, first American, by W. F. Harnden, N. Y. to Boston, 1821.

Fenian raids into Canada, 1866, May 31; resumed 1870, Feb. 3,

Ferries, operated by steam, first used between New York and Brooklyn, 1824. Fillibustering raids of Wm. Walker, 1853-60. Fire Company, Union, Phila., first volunteer-company in America, 1736 ?

Flag, American, first used by Washington at Cambridge, 1776, Jan. 1.

-legally established by Congress, 1777, June 14.

Florida, cession of, by Spain to the U. S., 1819, Feb. 22.

Reign of

War with Seminoles, 1835-42. France, first Revolution, 1789. Terror, 1793. Franco-German War, 1870-71. Free-Soil Party, first national convention, Buffalo, 1848, Aug. 9.

French and Indian War in America, 1754-63. Fugitive Slave law passed Congress, 1850, Sept. 12.

Gas, illuminating, first used, Cornwall, Eng., 1792: in U. S., Boston, 1822.

Geneva tribunal on Alabama claims, convened 1871, Dec. 15.

German Empire re-established, 1871, Jan. 18.

Ghent, treaty of, U. S. and Great Britain, 1815, Feb. 18.

Glass first used for windows in England,
674: made in Va., 1615: Mass., 1639.
Gold first discovered in California, 1848.
Greenback Party, national platform, 1876,
May 17.

Greytown, Nicaragua, bombarded by Com.
Hollins, 1854, July 13.

Guadalupe Hidalgo, treaty of, U. S. and
Mexico, 1848, Feb. 2.
Gunpowder, used by Chinese, A. D., 80.
Greek fire used by Byzantines, A. D.,

668.

re-discovered by monk Schwartz, A. D., 1330.

Harper's Ferry, Va., insurrection (John Brown,) 1859, Oct. 16.

Hospital, Pennsylvania, first in America,
established 1751, Feb. 7. (?)
Hungary, rebellion in, 1848-49.
Independence, Declaration of, 1776, July 4.
Insurance, Fire, first office in America,
Boston, 1724.

Life, first, London, 1772: first in America, Phila., 1812.

Marine, A. D., 533: first in England about 1593: first in America, Phila., 1721. Interior, Department of, established, 1849, March 3.

Iron Steamships, first, Great Britain, 1843. Italy, war with Austria, (7 weeks war,) 1866. Jamestown, Va., flrst permanent English settlement in America, founded 1607. Jesuits, Order of, founded by Ignatius Loyola, 1541.

Judiciary Act passed by Congress, 1801, Feb. 13.

Kerosene first used for illuminating purposes, 1826.

Knives, first in England, about 1550. Know-Nothing Party, (American) in N. Y., 1853: National platform and candidate for Presidency, (M. Fillmore,) 1856. Kostza, Martin, taken from Austrian vessel by Capt. Ingraham, 1852, July 2. Lee's surrender to Gen. Grant at Appomattox C. H., Va., 1865, April 12. Liberty Party, national convention, Buffalo, N. Y., 1843, Aug. 30.

Library, first American, Harvard College, Cambridge, 1638.

first subscription, Phila., 1731. Lightning rods, first used by Benj. Franklin about 1752.

Lincoln, assassination of, 1865, April 14.
London, Great fire of, 1666, Sept. 26.

Plague in, 1665.

Lopez captured and garroted at Havana, 1851, Aug. 16.

Louis XVI beheaded 1793, Jan. 21.

1847, July 24.

Musical notes first used, 1338: printed, 1502. Nantes, Edict of, tolerating Protestants, 1598, April 13: Revocation of, 1685, Oct. 22. Napoleon I declared first Consul, 1799, Nov. 10: proclaimed Emperor, 1804, May 18: abdicated after Waterloo, 1815, June 22. Napoleon III elected President French Republic, 1848, Dec. 10. Coup d'Etat dissolving Assembly, 1851: Dec. 2, proclaimed Emperor, 1852, Dec. 2, deposed and Republic proclaimed, 1870, Sept. 4. Naval Academy, U. S., at Annapolis, opened, 1845, Oct. 10.

Navigation Act, first by British Parliament, 1660.

Needles, modern, first came into use, 1545.
Netherlands, revolt of, 1565-80.
New Orleans, Battle of, Jackson defeated
British, 1815, Jan. 8. Captured by Far-
ragut, 1862, April 26.

Newspaper, first authentic, 1494..

first American, "Publick Occurrences, Foreign and Domestick," Boston, 1690, Sept. 25.

first English daily, London, Daily Courant, 1702.

first continuously printed in America, Boston News Letter, 1702.

first daily in United States, "The Pennsylvania Packet," 1784.

London Times first appeared under present name, 1788.

Nullification Ordinance passed by South Carolina, 1832, Nov. 19.

Proclamation by President Jackson, denouncing, 1832, Dec. 10.

cession of Gadsden purchase to the U. S., 1853, Dec. 30.

war with, by France, Spain and Great Britain, 1861-63.

proclamation of Empire, under Maximilian, 1863, July 10.

Republic restored, Maximilian shot, 1867, June 19.

Milan decree by Napoleon, 1807, Dec. 17. Military Academy, West Point, founded by Congress, 1802, March 16.

Missouri Compromise (restricting Slavery to South of 36° 30′,) passed 1820, March 3, repealed 1854, May 24.

Modoc war in California begun, 1872, Nov. 29.

Monroe Doctrine declared in Pres. Monroe's message, 1823, Dec. 2.

Orders in Council, British, issued 1807, Jan. 7.

Ordinance of 1787, passed by Continental Congress, 1787, Sept. 15.

Organs, first authentic use of, 755: in England, 951.

Ostend Manifesto, as to Cuba, by Pierre Soulé, James Buchanan and J. Y. Mason, 1854, Oct. 21.

Paper made by Chinese, from silk, 120, B. C. (?) from vegetable fibre, A. D., 651: from cotton, A. D., 711: from rags, 1085. Paris, treaty of, ceding French American possessions to Great Britain, 1763, Feb. 10. second treaty of, closing Crimean War, 1856, March 30. Patent right law, first enacted in U. S., 1790, April 15.

Peace Conference convened at Washington, 1861, Feb. 4.

Pencils, leaden styles used, A. D., 50.

modern, used in England, 1565. Pens, steel, first made, 1808: gold, first used about 1825. Philadelphia founded by Wm. Penn, 1682. Riots in, native American and Irish, 1844, May 6-8.

Phonograph invented by T. A. Edison, 1877.

Photographs first produced in England,
1802, perfected, 1841.
Piano-forte invented in Italy, about 1710.
Pilgrims, landing at Plymouth, Mass., 1620,
Dec. 21, (commonly called Dec. 22.)

Pins used in England about 1450: in America, machine-made, 1832.

Pontiac's conspiracy to unite Indians against the English, 1762.

Post-Office first established, between Vienna and Brussels, 1516.

Postage stamps first used in England, 1840: in the United States, 1847. Printing: clay tablets used by Assyrians and Babylonians, B. C.

Wooden blocks used by Chinese,

A. D., 952.

Block books: Biblia Pauperum,

1420 (?)

movable types, L. Coster, of Haarlem, 1423 (?)

J. Gutenberg, of Mentz, 1438 (?) First Bible, Faust and Schaeffer, 1456. First book printed with date, Latin Psalter, Faust and Schoeffer, 1457.

First book in English, "History of Troy," printed at Cologne, by William Caxton, 1471.

First book printed in England with date, Caxton's "Game and Playe of the Chesse," 1474.

first in America, Escala Espiritual of Chimaco, printed by Juan Hablas, Mexico, 1535 (?)

first press in the United States, at Cambridge, Mass., John Daye, 1639. Pyramids first erected, 2170, B. C. (?) Railroad, Passenger, first opened in England, 1825, Sept. 27.

Freight-first in the United States, at granite quarries, Quincy, Mass.,.1826.

Passenger, first in America, Baltimore and Ohio, 1828.

Steam, first in New York State, Albany to Schenectady, 16 miles, 1830. Reformation in Germany, 1517, in England, 1532.

Republican Party, first convention, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1856, Feb. 22.

Resumption of Specie payments in U. S., act approved 1875, Jan. 14: took effect 1879, Jan. 1.

Revolutionary War, beginning, battle of Lexington, 1775, April 19.

end of, last battle, Combahee, 1782,

Aug. 27.

preliminary treaty of peace, 1782, Nov. 30. Richmond, Va., evacuated by Confederates, 1865, April 3.

Russia, Serf Emancipation in, 1861. Saint Bartholomew, massacre of, 1572, Aug. 24.

San Juan boundary decided in favor of the U. S., 1872, Oct. 21.

Savannah, first steamer crossed the Atlantic, 25 days, Savannah to Liverpool, 1819, May 24.

Seminole War, first, in Georgia and Florida, 1817-18: in Florida, 1835-42. Sewing Machine first patented, England, 1755.

first complete, E. Howe, (American,) 1846. Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts, 1786-87. Shiloh, Tenn. (or Pittsburgh Landing,) battle of, 1862, April 6-7.

Sioux War in Minnesota, 1862-63. Sleeping cars first used, 1858: Pullman's patent, 1864.

Smith, Joseph, Mormon leader, killed at Carthage, Ill., 1844, June 27.

Stamp Act enacted, 1765, March 22, repealed, 1766, March 19.

Statutes of the United States, first revised and codifled, 1873.

Steam Engine, boiler discovered by Marquis of Worcester, 1663.

Newcomen's engine patented, 1705. Perfected by James Watt, 1773. High pressure engine invented by Oliver Evans, (American,) 1779. Steam vessels, Papin, France, 1707.

1763.

Jonathan Hulls, England, 1736. William Henry, Conestoga River, Pa.,

James Rumsey, Md., 1786.

John Fitch, Delaware River, 1786. Robert Fulton, N. Y. to Albany, 1807. Sugar cane first cultivated in U. S., near New Orleans, 1751, first sugar mill, 1758. Sumter, Fort, captured by Confederates, 1861, April 14.

Sunday Schools, first established by Robt.
Raikes, Gloucester, England, 1781.
Tea destroyed in Boston harbor, 1773, Dec.
16.

Telegraph, first electric, Paddington to
Drayton, England, 1835.

Morse's, invented, 1835.

first in operation in America, Washington to Baltimore, 1844, May 27.

submarine cable, first laid between Dover and Calais, 1851.

first Atlantic cable operated, 1858. Telephone, (speaking,) A. Graham Bell, first presented Phila. Centennial Exhibition, 1876 practically successful as a telegraph, 1877, May 14.

Telescope, invented, 1608. Texas annexed as a State, by Act of Congress, 1845, March 1.

Theatre, first in America, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1752.

Thirty Years War in Germany, 1618-1648. Tobacco introduced into England from Virginia, 1583.

Tripoli war with the United States, 1803-5. Turner, Nat. slave insurrection in Virginia, 1831, Aug.

Union of England and Scotland, 1707: Great
Britain and Ireland, 1800.
Utrecht, treaty of, 1713, April 11.
Vaccination discovered by Dr. Jenner,
England, 1796.

Vicksburg, surrender of, 1863, July 4.
War of 1812 with Great Britain declared by
proclamation, 1812, June 19, ended by
Treaty of Ghent, 1815, Feb. 18.

Washington inaugurated first President, 1789, April 30.

Washington, Treaty of, with Great Britain, war claims, 1871, June 17. Watches first made in Nuremberg, 1477. Waterloo, battle of, 1815, June 18. Whiskey insurrection in Pennsylvania, 1791-94.

Wilmot Proviso, restricting slavery, offered in H. R., by David Wilmot, of Pa. 1846, Aug. 8.

Yellowstone National Park, act of Congress, 1871, Feb. 28.

Yorktown, surrender of
Washington, 1781, Oct. 19.

Cornwallis to

Statement showing the Receipts and Disbursements of the Government from its organization to June 30, 1879, and the amount of Losses, and the ratio of such Losses per $1,000 to the aggregate received and disbursed, arranged as nearly as practicable in periods of Administrations; also in the periods prior and subsequent to June 30, 1861; prepared by the Treasury Department in answer to numerous inquiries.

ADMINISTRATION.