July 1, 1888, amount available.... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888.. July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts... 95, 600.00 July 1, 1889, balance available ....... Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project ... (See Appendix D 1.) 50,000. 00 2. New London Harbor, Connecticut. This harbor includes the lower 3 miles of Thames River, from New London to Long Island Sound. The project of its improvement, adopted in 1880 and slightly modified in 1882, provides for removing to a depth of 16 feet at mean low water the southerly part of a shoal of sand and bowlders lying east of the New London Northern Railroad Wharf. The original depth on this part of the shoal was from 5 to 15 feet. Nineteen thousand eight hundred dollars have been appropriated for and expended on this work. Nothing was done during the past fiscal year. The required depth has been made over nearly the whole area contemplated in the project, which is regarded as completed, no further work under it being desired. July 1, 1888, amount available (See Appendix D 2.) $201.39 201.39 3. Connecticut River, Massachusetts and Connecticut, above Hartford.From Holyoke, Mass., 34 miles above Hartford, down to Enfield Falls or Rapids, a distance of 18 miles, there is a fair channel 4 to 5 feet deep. Enfield Rapids extends about 5 miles over a rocky and uneven bed, with a total fall of 32 feet. From the foot of Enfield Rapids to Hartford, a distance of 11 miles, the river-bed is broad and sandy, with a channel from 2 to 5 feet deep at low water. Several years ago the Connecticut River Company constructed a small canal around Enfield Rapids, through which boats of 3 feet draught and 80 feet length can pass. The several projects under which work has been done have been for dredging at Barber's Landing and for wing-dams. In 1878 plans and estimates were submitted for the construction of a canal 8 feet deep around Enfield Rapids; these estimates were revised in 1880. The estimated cost of this canal was $1,322,805; it was not considered advisable to commence construction with a less sum than $450,000, which has not yet been appropriated. Up to the close of the present fiscal year $100,000 have been appropriated for this part of the river, of which $90,866.80 have been expended. All the work done has been dredging and the construction and repair of seven wing-dams. No work was done during the past fiscal year. The funds on hand from previous appropriations are sufficient for such repairs and temporary improvement as may be needed during the ensuing fiscal year. The benefit to be secured by a permanent improvement would b reduction of cost of transporting bulky materials to and from a manufacturing district now wholly dependent on railroads. July 1, 1888, amount available July 1, 1889, balance available $9, 9, Below Hartford.-Between Hartford and Long Island Sound, tance of 50 miles by course of channel, the depth on the bars wa merly 5 feet at low water, the worst places being between Hartfor Middletown, a distance of 19 miles, and at Saybrook Bar, at the n of the river. Dredging was carried on and small wing-dams were structed by private parties and by a State corporation up to 1868 no permanent benefit. In 1868 a project for improvement by the United States was mitted, under which a pile-dike was built at Hartford and a dredging done on the bars below Hartford until 1883. In 1873 a ect for the construction of three jetties on Saybrook Bar was ado two of these have been built; the third will probably not be req In 1880 a project for permanent improvement on six of the wors between Hartford and Middletown was adopted. It contemplated ing riprap wing-dams, rectifying the banks and protecting the c banks by mattresses, at a total estimated cost of $330,487. It was wards found necessary to extend the project to include annual dre at these and other bars and the extension and repair of the Say jetties. The total amount appropriated since the adoption of the project is $156,250. Two of the contemplated permanent works been built, a training-wall at Hartford Bar and a wing-dam at Gla bury Bar, their total cost being $40,715.34. In addition to the included in the estimate of $330,487, the east and west jetties at brook have been extended and repaired and a channel over 12 wide and 12 feet deep has been dredged between them, and from to $10,000 have been annually expended in dredging to maint depth of 9 feet on the bars between Hartford and Saybrook. Experience has shown that, on account of the height and freq of freshets in this river, the permanent works projected in 1880 be inadequate to maintain the desired depth or even to materia duce the amount of dredging annually required. Therefore, in D ber, 1887, a new project was adopted, confining future operations completion of the Saybrook jetties to a height of 5 feet abov water, with a top width of 6 feet, and widening the channel be the jetties to 400 feet, with a depth of 12 feet at mean low water, estimated cost of $80,000, with annual dredging to maintain a channel between Hartford and Long Island Sound, at an averag of $10,000 per year. During the past fiscal year, including outstanding liabilities a cluding existing contracts, $6,488.69 have been expended in dre to widen the channel between the Saybrook jetties and to mainta channel in the river. July 1, 1888, amount available.... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888.. July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities.. July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts.. July 1, 1889, balance available..... (Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project. Amount (estimated) required for annual maintenance of channel.. Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix D 3.) $80,000.00 10,000.00 25,000. 00 4. Clinton Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor is 10 miles west of the mouth of the Connecticut River. Its channel runs for nearly a mile inside of a beach, through which a breach was made about the year 1840, after which the channel shoaled in two places to about 4 feet depth where the depth had been 8 feet. The project for improvement, adopted in 1882, provided for closing the breach, and, if that did not restore the channel depth, for dredging a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep at mean low water through the shoals. The entire cost was estimated at $10,000. Three thousand dollars have been appropriated for this harbor, of which $2,747.27 have been expended. A riprap dike was built across the breach in 1883; it requires some repair. The channel depth has not changed since 1882. Nothing was done during the past fiscal year. Seven thousand dollars, the estimated amount required to complete the project, could be profitably expended for that purpose in the next fiscal year. July 1, 1888, amount available July 1, 1889, balance available Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.... (See Appendix D 4.) $252.73 252.73 7,000.00 7,000.00 5. New Haven Harbor, Connecticut.-The original available low-water depth up to the wharves in this harbor was about 9 feet. The first project for deepening the channel provided for making it 13 feet deep, which was done in 1871. It was widened at different times until 1878, when a project was adopted for dredging a channel 16 feet deep and not less than 400 feet wide. In 1882 a project was adopted for building a dike to extend out from Sandy Point, with an arm 3,200 feet long, and parallel to the channel, in order to contract the channel and make the depth on Fort Hale Bar, to be obtained by dredging, permanent. Fifty-three thousand dollars (including a contract now in progress) have been expended on this dike, and $31,000 are estimated as required to complete it. Up to the close of the fiscal year $276,000 have been appropriated for this harbor, and nearly all expended. A 16-foot channel, from 400 to 600 feet wide, has been obtained all the way up the harbor, except over the Fort Hale Bar, where the depth is 13 feet. The shore-arm and 1,769 feet of the channel-arm of the Sandy Point dike have been built. During the past fiscal year $7,170.10 has been expended in extending the Sandy Point dike 410 feet. The sum of $30,000 can be used in completing the dike and dredging over the Fort Hale Bar. July 1, 1888, amount available .... $1,329.98 Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888........ 15,000.00 16, 329.98 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888.. $3,650. 21 July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities.. 3,519.89 8,000.00 15, 170, 10 1,159.88 78.000. CO July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts..... July 1, 1889, balance available Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project... (See Appendix D 5.) 6. Breakwater at New Haven, Connecticut.—In 1880 a project was adopted for making a harbor of refuge at the entrance to New Haven Harbor by the construction of two riprap breakwaters, the first to be 3,300 feet long, extending northeasterly from the light-house on Southwest Ledge to Quixes Ledge; the second to be 4,200 feet long, extending northwesterly from Luddington Rock. The estimated cost was $1,311,134. No modification of the project has been adopted, except slight changes of cross section in 1880. The total amount appropriated for this work is $370,000, of which $317,284.69 have been expended. During the past fiscal year, including outstanding liabilities, and excluding existing contracts, $22,374.90 has been expended, and the breakwater has been extended 352 feet. A contract for extension is in progress, under which the east breakwater will be completed. The east breakwater is now 3,170 feet long; the west breakwater is not begun. The river and harbor act of August 11, 1888, provided, " And the Chief of Engineers may, if deemed necessary, relocate the western break water, and the Secretary of War is authorized, in his discretion, to expend any portion of said sum in commencing its construction." An examination in reference to this matter was made in the fall of 1888, and the results reported in a letter dated January 26, 1889 (see Appendix D 6). The estimated cost of a harbor such as would meet the wishes of the harbor commissioners is $5,000,000. So large an expenditure does not seem to be warranted by the present demands of commerce. At the same time, the harbor as designed is not of sufficient capacity and is now exposed to southerly and southwesterly storms. Vessels will not lie at anchor immediately behind the easterly breakwater, owing to the existence of submerged rocks, having over them a minimum depth of 5 feet, so that the anchorage ground which it really protects is that above Five Mile Point, which is limited in area, and its use by vessels seeking refuge interferes with the channel to the wharves at New Haven. What is needed is a harbor easily accessible and the occupation of which will not interfere with the local harbor. They should be two distinct harbors. The entrance to the harbor, according to the present plan, between Luddington Rock and Southwest Ledge, is 3,500 feet wide. This width is unnecessarily great, and might be reduced without interfering with the free passage of vessels, and better protection be afforded the harbor. From an examination made by the officer in charge, it appears that the present and prospective demands of commerce for a long time to come would be met by changing the location of the western breakwater to the southwest about 6,000 feet, and constructing a breakwater crossing Luddington Rock on a course S. 540 W., commencing at a point on this line 1,000 feet N. 540 E. from Luddington Rock, and extending S. 540 W. 5,000 feet, leaving an opening of 2,000 feet or less between its western end and the southern end of the westerly breakwater, in its proposed change of location. The location of these works is shown on a sketch with Appendix D 6. The cost, in addition to the present estimates of $1,311,134, will be about $750,000. The space behind the breakwater proposed through Luddington Rock is free from obstructions and has a depth of from 15 to 29 feet, with good holding ground; it can be reached at the eastern end with a depth of 17 feet and at the western end with a depth of 29 feet. This plan will not interfere with its extension further to the westward should the necessities of commerce demand it in the future. This work should commence at Luddington Rock and extend in both directions as funds are provided. This rock, which now forms an obstruction, will be covered by the breakwater, and a permanent beacon at the eastern end will, with the light-house on Southwest Ledge, clearly mark the entrance. The entrance between them will be 2,500 feet wide, with a minimum depth of 17 feet and a maximum depth of 25 feet. For the better protection of the harbor, the space between the eastern breakwater and the shore, a distance of 2,000 feet, should be partially closed by a breakwater, extending from the shore towards the east end of the easterly breakwater, leaving an opening in the present eastern channel 13 feet deep, of 800 feet width. The cost of this is estimated at $90,000. It is not as important as the works proposed on the western side of the harbor, and may be deferred until they are completed. Whichever plan be adopted for the westerly breakwaters, during the ensuing fiscal year $250,000 could be profitably expended towards its execution. July 1, 1888, amount available.... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888. $91.21 75,000.00 75,091. 21 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888.. July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities.. $17,845.66 July 1, 1859, amount covered by existing contracts... 29, 280.00 51,655.90 23, 435. 31 941, 134.00 July 1, 1889, balance available...... Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.... (See Appendix D 6.) 7. Milford Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor consists of a broad, open bay, from the head of which a small tidal stream extends three-quar ters of a mile inland to the upper wharf. Originally the depth on the bar at the mouth of the river was less than 2 feet at mean low tide; the channel in the river ran nearly bare in places. Under the first project of improvement, adopted in 1872, a channel 4 feet deep and 100 feet wide was excavated through the bar, and thence 40 to 60 feet wide to the upper wharf; small jetties were built to pro |