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14. Wellfleet Harbor, Massachusetts.-Wellfleet Harbor is 12 southeast of Provincetown, on Cape Cod Bay.

The object of its improvement is to the provide a navigable c from the inner anchorage, the "Deep Hole," to the town wharves The project originally proposed in 1871 was to dredge two ch of approach to the town wharves and to remove several dan sunken rocks.

The removal of the sunken rocks was effected by an approp provided by the act of June 10, 1872.

The present project is to dredge a channel from the "Deep H the town wharves, 4,200 feet long, 100 feet wide, and 6 feet d mean low water.

To date, $12,000 have been appropriated for this improvemen expenditures to June 30, 1888, were $5,000, by which 204 cubic of sunken rocks had been removed. No low-water channel exi the wharves.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1889, a contract was e into to dredge a channel 2,500 feet long, 25 feet wide, and 4 fee extending from the "Deep Hole" to the town wharves. No ope have been in progress under this contract, and the condition of provement remains the same as on June 30, 1888.

To complete the improvement will require, at the present pr dredging, an appropriation of $26,000.

Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888..

July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of

liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888..

July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts..

Jule 1, 1889, balance available.....

$43.54

6, 210.00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. Amount that can be profitable expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 Submitted in compliance with requirements of section 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix B 14.)

15. Provincetown Harbor, Massachusetts.-Provincetown Harb uated at the extremity of Cape Cod, about 40 miles southeast from Light. It is one of the most valuable harbors of refuge on the 4 coast. The entire commerce of New England and a very lar fishing interest are directly benefited by its maintenance, w pends entirely on the preservation of the sandy beaches which in Since 1826 the project has been a general one, and provides preservation of the harbor by building dikes, bulk-heads, an catches, and extensive planting of beach-grass to repair and storm damages to the beaches. From the nature of the work i no time be considered completed. A special dike across Hous Island Flats, to be built contingently, was recommended in the report for 1886.

A plan of the harbor was published in the Annual Report Chief of Engineers for 1886.

The total appropriations or allotments for this work up to da been $146,478.44.

The amount expended to June 30, 1888, was $139,328.09, several works of preservation were in good order, although Lo Breakwater needed additions.

During the fiscal year 769 tons of stone and 135 cords of brush were added to the Long Point break water, completing 300 feet of its length. At the date of this report all the works of preservation are in good order, but the central part of Long Point needs a new bulk-head 2,000 feet long, to cost $6,000.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, $7,500 could be expended in the repair of probable storm damage, and in building a new bulkhead at Long Point.

The prospective benefit to commerce is the preservation of an important harbor of refuge.

July 1, 1888, amount available..

Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.

July 1, 189, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of

liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888..

July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities...

July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts..

July 1, 1889, balance available......

$150.35 7,000.00

7, 150.35

$1,715. 18

654.92

788.78

3, 158.88

3,991.47

7.500.00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project...
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix B 15.)

7,500.00

16. Removal of sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation. The wrecks of the schooners Mary and Goldsmith Maid lying in Boston Harbor, Massachusetts, were, in accordance with the act of 1880, examined, advertised, and removed by contract. The Goldsmith Maid was sunk in deep water outside the harbor; the wreck of the Mary was advertised and sold.

The cost of removal was $1,925. The proceeds of the sale, $251. (See Appendix B 16.)

EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS FOR IMPROVEMENT, TO COMPLY WITH REQUIREMENTS OF THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT OF AUGUST 11,

1888.

The required preliminary examinations of the following localities were made by the local engineer in charge, Lieutenant-Colonel Gillespie, and reported by him as not worthy of improvement, with facts and reasons for such opinion. The Chief of Engineers concurring in the conclusions reached in these instances, has given no instructions to make further survey with the view to their improvement:

1. Malden River, Massachusetts, as to straightening, widening, and deepening the channel.-(See Appendix B 17.)

2. Cohasset Harbor, Massachusetts.-(See Appendix B 18.)

3. Goose Point Channel, Plymouth Harbor, Massachusetts, to public wharf at Kingston.-(See Appendix B 19.)

At the following localities, reported by the local engineer as worthy of improvement, and this conclusion being concurred in by the Chief of Engineers, the result of the preliminary examination containing information sufficient to indicate to Congress the probable cost of the work required, no further report or survey appeared to be necessary: 1. Weir River, Massachusetts.-Estimated cost of improvement, $7,000.-(See Appendix B 20.)

2. Stage Harbor at Chatham, Massachusetts.-Estimated cost of improvement, $15,000.-(See Appendix B 21.)

It appearing from the report of the preliminary examination made by the local engineer that the following localities are worthy of improvement, and the public necessity therefor being apparent from the facts and reasons reported, which are concurred in by the Chief of Engineers, Lieutenant-Colonel Mansfield was charged with their survey, the results of which will be submitted when received:

1. Weymouth River, Massachusetts.

2. Salem Harbor, including South River, Massachusetts.

3. Beverly Harbor, Massachusetts.

4. Crane and Waters Rivers of Essex Branch, Massachusetts. (For Crane River only.)

IMPROVEMENT OF HARBORS AND RIVERS ON THE SOUTHERN COAST OF MASSACHUSETTS AND IN RHODE ISLAND AND CONNECTICUT.

Officer in charge, Maj. W. R. Livermore, Corps of Engineers, with Capt. T. L. Casey, Corps of Engineers, under his immediate orders until November 21, 1888. Division engineer, Col. H. L. Abbot, Corps of Engineers.

1. Harbor of Refuge at Hyannis, Massachusetts.-This harbor, before improvement, was an open roadstead exposed to southerly storms. In the years 1827-1838 a breakwater of riprap granite 1,170 feet long was constructed, covering an anchorage of about 175 acres, the entrance to which has a depth of about 15 feet. Between the years 1852 and 1882 extensive repairs were made in increasing the width of its base and the size of the stone forming its sides and top.

The depth of water immediately inside the breakwater being insufficient for many vessels that seek the harbor for refuge, the present project for the improvement of the harbor contemplates dredging the area protected by the breakwater to a depth of 15 feet at mean low

water.

The amount expended on this work up to June 30, 1888, was $127,532.29. The breakwater had been completed according to the original project and subsequent plans for strengthening it, and the 15-foot anchorage area had been increased by about 6 acres. Nothing has been done during the past fiscal year owing to the impossibility of obtaining satisfactory prices for the work.

The amount available and the appropriation of $20,000 asked for is to be applied to extending the 153-foot anchorage area.

July 1, 1888, amount available*

Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.

July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888..

$5,825. 29 10,000.00

15,825. 29

July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities...

July 1, 1889, balance available

$1,539.33
324. 19

1,863. 52

13, 961. 77

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project....
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix C 1.)

* Includes $5,804.47 from lapsed contract.

25,662.00 20,000.00

2. Harbor of Refuge at Nantucket, Massachusetts.-This harbor is the only one between the harbors of Martha's Vineyard (Vineyard Haven and Edgartown) and Provincetown, a distance of about 100 miles, except the small harbor of Hyannis, on the north side of Nantucket Sound. It has deep water inside, and the object of improvement is to make it a harbor of refuge for vessels plying between ports north and south of Cape Cod.

Before the commencement of the present work there was a shoal about 13 miles in width outside the entrance, through which the chan nel or line of best water was only about 6 feet deep, and very crooked and subject to changes in location.

The present approved project is to construct jetties of riprap stone, projecting from either side of the present entrance to the harbor, for the purpose of concentrating the strength of the tidal currents and excavating a channel of 15 feet depth by scour, and at the places where the full depth required will not be reached by this means to complete the work by dredging.

The amount expended on this project up to the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1888, was $118,458.45, and the result was the construction of the west jetty to a point 3,955 feet from the shore, and the east jetty to a distance of 385 feet from the initial point on the shore, and partially for an additional distance of 200 feet.

The construction of the east jetty was continued during the year, and 673 tons of stone was placed in the work.

The balance available and the amount asked for, $50,000, is to be applied to the further extension of the east jetty.

July 1, 1888, amount available*

Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888..

July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of

liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888

July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities

July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts.

July 1, 1889, balance available

$6,541.55

20,000.00

26, 541.55

$2,772.32

1,788.20

18,784.80

23, 345. 32

3, 196.23

230,000.00

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 50,000. 00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix C 2.)

3. Harbor at Vineyard Haven, Massachusetts.-The object of the improvement is to stop the wearing away of the points of land at the entrance to the harbor known as East Chop and West Chop. As preliminary to the adoption of a general plan of improvement, a portion of the funds available will be devoted to the construction of a series of experimental jetties and other works, which will serve as an immediate protection to the Chops and at the same time will furnish a basis for determining the character and extent of the permanent works required. Operations were commenced in June last, and were in progress at the end of the fiscal year.

The appropriation asked for will be applied to continuing the im provement.

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Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888..

$25,000.00

July 1, 1880, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888

July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities....

$2,737.73
1, 184.99

3,922. 72

21, 077.28

July 1, 1889, balance available.....

Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project....
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.

(See Appendix C 3.)

35, 000, 00 35,000.00

4. Wareham Harbor, Massachusetts.-The object of the improvement is to deepen and widen the channel leading from Buzzard's Bay to Wareham. The commerce of Wareham is carried on in sailing vessels, and the channel is to be made a beating channel for such vessels. Another object of the improvement is the raising of Long Beach.

Before improvement the ruling depth in the harbor was about 7 feet at mean low water in a narrow and very crooked channel. Long Beach, a narrow sand spit at the mouth of the harbor, was washed and abraded by the waves and currents at high water, and the material was carried into and shoaled the channel inside.

The original approved project of 1871, for the improvement and its subsequent modifications, provides for a channel 250 feet wide and 10 feet deep at mean low water from Barney's Point down to the entrance to the harbor. Above Barney's Point the width of the channel is to be 350 feet, with the same depth-10 feet-as below that point. The plan includes also the raising and strengthening of Long Beach, of which a large portion was submerged at low water, to carry it above the storm waves and currents and to hold it there, in order to prevent the filling of the improved channel above, by material abraded from the beach.

The total amount expended on the improvement up to the close of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1888, including outstanding liabilities at that date, was $71,520.64, and the result was that the channel in the upper part of the harbor in front of the wharves was carried to its full width and completed, and the eastern half of the second and third reaches below the wharves, and about two-thirds of the eastern half of the fourth reach, which extends to Barney's Point, were deepened to 10 feet at mean low water. The channel for about one-half its width from Barney's Point to Wareham has been deepened to 10 feet. Long Beach has been raised above high water storm-tides, so that the wash of sand into the improved channel inside the beach has been stopped.

The ruling depth of the approaches to Wareham has been increased from 7 to 9 feet, and the channel greatly widened in all the reaches. Vessels of larger draught can be carried to Wareham than formerly. The increase in width of channel is a great help to all vessels in beating in and out of the harbor.

Nothing has been done during the past fiscal year owing to the impossibility of obtaining satisfactory prices for the work.

The balance on hand July 1, 1889, and the appropriation asked for will be applied towards the completion of the channel from the deep water above Long Beach to Wareham, and the further building up of Long Beach.

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