Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea BasinSpringer Science & Business Media, 2008 M01 22 - 474 pages This book offers an up-to-date overview of the latest scientific findings in regional climate research on the Baltic Sea basin. This includes climate changes in the recent past, climate projections up until 2100 using the most sophisticated regional climate models available, and an assessment of climate change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. The authors demonstrate that the regional climate has already started to change, and will continue to do so. |
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Results 1-5 of 81
Page xvii
... Surface Temperature and Surface Heat Fluxes . . . . . 195 3.8.4 Projected Changes in Sea Level and Wind Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 3.8.5 Projected Changes in Salinity and Vertical Overturning Circulation ...
... Surface Temperature and Surface Heat Fluxes . . . . . 195 3.8.4 Projected Changes in Sea Level and Wind Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 3.8.5 Projected Changes in Salinity and Vertical Overturning Circulation ...
Page xx
... Surface Global Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 A.1.3 Hydrology and Land Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 A.1.3.1 General Characteristics of the Baltic Sea Basin ...
... Surface Global Radiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 A.1.3 Hydrology and Land Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 A.1.3.1 General Characteristics of the Baltic Sea Basin ...
Page 2
... surface of the Baltic Sea Basin, and the changing climate. During these phases, salinity varied greatly as did the water exchange with the North Sea. In the first phase, at the end of the glaciation and during the Younger Dryas, the ...
... surface of the Baltic Sea Basin, and the changing climate. During these phases, salinity varied greatly as did the water exchange with the North Sea. In the first phase, at the end of the glaciation and during the Younger Dryas, the ...
Page 4
... surface water out of the Baltic Sea. On its way towards the Skagerrak, the brackish water becomes increasingly saline, since the surface water becomes mixed with underlying water and fronts. As compensation for the water entrained into ...
... surface water out of the Baltic Sea. On its way towards the Skagerrak, the brackish water becomes increasingly saline, since the surface water becomes mixed with underlying water and fronts. As compensation for the water entrained into ...
Page 6
... surface area and with large inter-annual variations (Fig. 1.5). On average, the Baltic Sea is almost in thermodynamic equilibrium with the atmosphere. The dominating fluxes, with respect to annual means, are the sensible heat, the ...
... surface area and with large inter-annual variations (Fig. 1.5). On average, the Baltic Sea is almost in thermodynamic equilibrium with the atmosphere. The dominating fluxes, with respect to annual means, are the sensible heat, the ...
Contents
1 | |
13 | |
Past and Current Climate Change | 35 |
Projections of Future Anthropogenic Climate Change | 133 |
Climaterelated Change in Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems | 221 |
Climaterelated Marine Ecosystem Change | 309 |
A Annexes | 379 |
Acronyms and Abbreviations | 469 |
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Common terms and phrases
20th century air temperature analysis annual anthropogenic areas Assessment Atlantic atmospheric average Baltic Sea Basin carbon caused central circulation climate change climate models cloudiness coast coastal compared concentrations crease decades decrease distribution ecosystem effects emissions estimates Estonia et al Europe European example extreme factors Finland fish flow forcing forest future global growth Gulf higher hydrological impact important increase indices influence Institute lakes land limited long-term marine maximum mean measurements natural North northern nutrient observed occur period Poland population positive precipitation present processes production projected radiation range recent reduced regional Report response river runoff salinity scale scenarios sea level seal season Sect shifts significant simulations southern species spring stations statistically studies summer surface Sweden temperature tion trend values variability variations warming wind winter
Popular passages
Page 473 - UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNEP United Nations Environment Programme UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization...
Page 1 - Climate change" means a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.
Page 13 - Nevertheless, the balance of evidence suggests that there is a discernible human influence on global climate.
Page 128 - Suursaar U, Jaagus J, Kullas T (2006) Past and future changes in sea level near the Estonian coast in relation to changes in wind climate. Boreal...
Page 456 - Arimoto, R., Church, TM, Ellis, W., Galloway, JN, Hansen, L., Jickells, TD, Knap, AH, Reinhardt, KH, Schneider, B., Soudine, A., Tokos, JJ, Tsunogai, S., Wollast, R., and Zhou, M.
Page 210 - GH 2000. A Comparison of Delta Change and Downscaled GCM Scenarios for Three Mountainous Basins in the United States.
Page 1 - I usage refers to any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity.
Page 288 - Magnuson. 1996. Potential effects of global climate change on small north-temperate lakes: Physics, fish, and plankton.
Page 371 - Variation in egg buoyancy of Baltic cod Gadus morhua and its implications for egg survival in prevailing conditions in the Baltic Sea.