3,000 feet of shore revetments should be sheet-piled and repaired to prevent injury to the channel by the passage of sand through them, at a cost of $15,000. A dredging plant should be procured for the use of the adjacent works, and the Muskegon share of it, including two months' service, would be $8,600. With allowance for contingencies, the amount required for 1891 is $46,000. July 1, 1888, amount available Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888. July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts July 1, 1889, balance available...... $1,364. 18 45,000.00 46, 364. 18 $3,789.98 26, 615.99 30, 525.97 15, 838. 21 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. (See Appendix K K 8.) 47, 075.00 46,000.00 9. Grand Haven Harbor, Michigan.-Grand River is a stream of considerable volume, and in its natural condition maintained a variable entrance channel of 8 or 9 feet. Prior to 1866, when the United States took charge of the work, a pier and shore revetment had been built on the south side, for the benefit of the lumber interests and the Detroit and Milwaukee Railroad, which had its terminus inside the mouth, opposite Grand Haven. The project of 1866 proposed to secure 18 feet of water, with an entrance width of 400 feet, at an estimated cost of $350,000. As the work advanced it was found that entrance depths of 13 and 14 feet were obtained, but that the shoal outside the pier, consisting of material accumulated at the mouth of the river by the action of the stream and the lake storms and currents often obstructed the mouth so as to hinder navigation. In 1880 the project was enlarged to provide for greater pier extension and shore revetment, at an additional cost of about $300,000, making the total cost of the project about $650,000, subject to needed repairs during time consumed in construction. To June 30, 1888, $513,458.98 had been expended. The north pier projects 1,000 feet and the south pier 1,350 feet into the lake, with 1,850 feet of shore revetnent on the north side, and 3,950 feet of shore and channel revetment on the south side. The entrance is 400 feet in width, and 14 and 15 feet can be carried in over the outer bar with depths of 3 to 4 fathoms between the piers and protected portions of the river. The north pier lacks 750 feet of its proposed extension, and 1,500 feet of shore revetment, and the south pier 550 feet of projection. The works are in good condition generally, although the south revetment needs considerable repairs and partial rebuilding, and the north revetment should be extended about 1,500 feet to complete the shore protection on that side. During the year ending June 30, 1889, contract was made for an extension of the north pier by three cribs, equal to 150 feet, on pile foundation, and repairs have been made to the south revetment. These works are still in progress. The expenditures to June 30, 1889, amount to $7,778.85, including $1,000 part payment for a survey steamer for general service in the district. The current balance of $1,500, after paying for repairs, etc., in progress, will be in part used to construct sand fences on the north and south beaches, and the remainder held to meet requirements next spring. For the fiscal year 1890-'91 $75,000 will be required to provide for the construction of ten new cribs, extension of north revetment, part purchase and use of dredging plant, and minor items. The ten cribs would be placed, four on the south pier and six on the north, representing about one fair season's work under one contract, and their construction would still leave thirteen cribs to be built, six on the north and seven on the south pier. Attention is invited to the favorable condi tions existing at Grand Haven for the formation of a capacious and sate harbor for both local and general uses, and to the beneficial results that have been thus far attained by the partial completion of the project. July 1, 1888, amount available.... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888 July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities... July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts. July 1, 1889, balance available $10,907. 17 25,000.00 35, 907. 17 $7,396.85 19, 647.04 27, 425.89 8, 481.28 (Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 9.) 103, 404.32 75,000.00 10. Black Lake Harbor, Michigan.-Prior to 1866 the citizens of Holland, situated on Black Lake, desiring access to and from Lake Michigan, opened an artificial outlet and revetted it with brush and crib constructions, but the 5-foot bar in front proved a formidable obstacle. Under the Government project of 1866 the old piers were extended to 600 feet and 780 feet into the lake, and now terminate in 12 or 15 feet · of water with still better depths immediately beyond them. Between the piers, however, the channel has always been more or less obstructed with sand blown or driven in by wind and waves, and the inadequacy of the revetments to prevent the passage of sand through them has constantly counteracted the service of the dredge. There is no current in the channel, or rather the movement is as often in one direction as the other. The piers are 200 feet apart, and the greater part of the entrance has 10 and 12 feet of water, the obstructions lying between the shore lines and the end of the piers. The cost of the work to June 6, 1888, was $257,091.50. During the past fiscal year repairs were made nearly to the limit of the funds then on hand, $7,052.34, but to secure a navigable depth the inner portions of the piers and the entire length of shore revetment must be sheet-piled and otherwise made sand-tight, so that future dredging may be of some effect. If navigation is to be kept open the measures indicated are necessary, and the provisional estimate for the fiscal year 1891, including sand-fences, sheet piling, aud minor repairs, stone filling, etc., and the part purchase and three months' use of dredging plant, with allowance for contingencies and superintendence, amounts to $23,500, July 1, 1888, amount available.. Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888. July 1, 1889, amonnt expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888..... July 1, 1889, balance available....... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 23,500.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 10.) 11. Saugatuck Harbor, Michigan.-The original slab-piers at the mouth of the Kalamazoo River were built by subscription, and the available depth was 7 feet. The entrance was examined in 1867, and the project for its improvement provided for the repair and strengthening of the old piers and the construction of channel-revetments on both banks, especially the south or concave side of the stream, with the intention, if practicable, of deepening the draught to 10 feet. It was found, however, some years since, that the appropriations for the work were insufficient to contend against the unusual natural difficulties of the situation, and construction work was practically suspended in 1876, since when, with the exception of a portion of the north revetment, the expenditures have been for repairs and dredging. The total expenditures to June 30, 1888, were $134,455.63, and for the past fiscal year, $543.25. At the present time 8 feet can be carried over the bar, and 8 feet to Saugatuck, 31 miles up the river. The piers project 200 feet into the lake, and the south revetment has a length of 3,650 feet, reaching around the lower bend of the river. The works are on piles, and the filling has generally sunk into the bottom, permitting the flow of water through them, in addition to which the upper portions are rotting with age and exposure. The river has considerable natural capacity, and if thoroughly protected against the accumulation of sand that reaches it from the broad naked expanse lying between it and the lake could, by the extension of the piers and the construction of sand tight revetments and other sand defenses, be made to carry a 10 or 12 foot navigation. July 1, 1888, amount available..... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.. $983.37 5,000.00 5,983.37 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888... $543.25 1,871.70 2,414.95 3,568. 42 July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts.... July 1, 1889, balance available..... (See Appendix K K 11.) 12. South Haven Harbor, Michigan.-Prior to improvement by the United States, the citizens of South Haven had sought to protect the mouth of Black River by the construction of piers and revetments, and the entrance was made with a width of 85 feet and a depth of 7 feet, with 9 or 10 feet on the bar outside. The project of 1866, as modified and extended in 1869 aad 1872, provided for an entrance width of 180 feet and a navigable depth of 12 feet. To June 30, 1888, the total expended was $181,980.05. The piers projected respectively 800 feet and 900 feet into the lake, with 800 and 950 feet of channel-revetment. The bar outside had 12 to 121 feet of water, but between the piers, and particularly in the vicinity of the shore-line, as in numerous similar cases, the navigable depth was reduced for a distance of about 300 feet to 8 and 10 feet by the accumulation of sand moved by winds and waves. The works in general are in fairly good condition, but the inner piers and revetments of slabs and piles permitted sand to flow over and through them, and the inner end of the north revetment for about 400 feet needed rebuilding. The outer crib of the north pier also had been seriously damaged and cut down by ice and collisions. The expenditures for the past fiscal year, $1,167.22, were mainly for dredging. Six thousand cubic yards were taken out in May, 1889, opening the channel to 12 feet for a width of 24 feet. Further dredging had to be deferred to meet equally urgent demands from the other harbors. To maintain the channel depth of 10 and 12 feet, of which the harbor is easily capable, the inflow of sand must be checked to reduce the amount of dredging annually required. For this purpose it is estimated that $21,500 will be needed to sheet-pile the inner piers and revetments, construct sand-fences, and partly purchase and use a suitable dredging plant for the service of this and the immediately adjacent harbors. Until these provisions shall have been made, the question of pier extension should be deferred. July 1, 1888, amount available.... Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888.. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888 July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts.. July 1, 1889, balance available ..... $19.95 10,000.00 10, 019.95 $1,167.22 5, 837.08 7,004.30 3,015. 65 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. 30, 1891 31,500.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 12.) 13. St. Joseph Harbor, Michigan.-The original condition of the en trance can not now be ascertained from the records. The outflow of the combined St. Joseph and Paw Paw rivers discharged into Lake Michigan across a broad stretch of sand beach, with correspondingly shallow and variable channel widths and depths. The improvement was begun by the United States in 1836 by confining the flow to a width of 240 feet between piers projecting into the lake. In 1863 the official sketch shows a depth of 12 feet, reducing to 9 feet in the Upper Basin. The present project, as approved in 1866 and modified in 1874 and 1875, is to increase the entrance depth, if practicable, to 16 feet, and carry 13 feet to Benton Harbor by means of a straight cut 100 feet wide, with revetted banks, and a wing-dam at the lower end. The amount expended from 1836 to June 30, 1888, was $341,607.90. The bar outside the entrance had 15 feet upon it; between the piers the depth varied from 22 feet to 18 feet, and near the Chicago and West Michigan Railroad Bridge, 12 feet. The lower portion of the Benton Harbor Canal is but 80 feet wide, and should be widened to 100 feet. The depth in the canal was 10 and 11 feet. The amount expended during the year ended June 30, 1889, was $6,298.44. The south pier was decked and repaired, the Benton Harbor Canal dredged to 13 feet deep with a width of 25 to 28 feet, and the 13-foot channel continued to deep water between the piers with a width of 75 feet. A pile wing-dam to connect the inner end of the north pier with the shore for the protection of the pier and the Life-Saving Station, was nearly completed at the close of the year. For the year ending June 30, 1891, it is estimated that $35,000 will be required to widen, revet, and deepen the Benton Harbor Canal, dredge the lower channel, repair the piers, and in part purchase a dredging plant for the use of contiguous harbors. July 1, 1888, amount available Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888. July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888.. July 1, 1889, outstanding liabilities... July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts. July 1, 1889, balance available ..... S $505.10 12,000.00 12,505. 10 $5, 517.44 9, 193. 66 3, 311. 44 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 35,000.00 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 13.) 14. St. Joseph River, Michigan.--The act of August 11, 1888, appropriated $2,500 for the improvement of the river between its mouth and Berrien Springs. In its natural condition the river is obstructed by sand and gravelbars, drift logs, etc., affording a depth of about 2 feet at low stages. It is proposed during the present season to deepen this to 3 feet at the obstructed points by the removal of bars and the construction of low dams of brush and stone. If the work is to be continued, an appropriation of $1,000 should be made for the year ending June 30, 1891. Amount appropriated by act of August 11, 1888 $2,500,00 July 1, 1889, amount expended during fiscal year, exclusive of liabilities outstanding July 1, 1888 $16.48 July 1, 1889, amount covered by existing contracts.... 250.00 266.48 July 1, 1889, balance available. 2,233.52 Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix K K 14.) 1,000.00 15. Michigan City Harbor, Indiana-Outer Harbor.-This work was projected in 1870 and begun in 1872, for the purpose of constructing a harbor of refuge, exterior to the "Inner Harbor" made by the revetment and pier protection of the entrance to Trail Creek, which constitutes the Michigan City Harbor proper. The works proposed were the extension of the then existing west pier, the construction of a new east pier 1,400 feet eastward, with a length of 1,100 feet into the lake, and a break water 1,400 feet in length, connecting with the east pier and leaving an en |