SEC. 406. (a) In order to further assist friendly developing countries to become self-sufficient in food production, the President is authorized, notwithstanding any other provision of law

(1) To establish and administer a program of farmer-tofarmer assistance between the United States and such countries to help farmers in such countries in the practical aspects of increasing food production and distribution and improving the effectiveness of their farming operations;

(2) To enter into contracts or other cooperative agreements with, or make grants to, land-grant colleges and universities and other institutions of higher learning in the United States to recruit persons who by reason of training, education or practical experience are knowledgeable in the practical arts and sciences of agriculture and home economics, and to train such persons in the practical techniques of transmitting to farmers in such countries improved practices in agriculture, and to participate in carrying out the program in such countries including, where desirable, additional courses for training or retraining in such countries; (3) To consult and cooperate with private non-profit farm organizations in the exchange of farm youth and farm leaders with developing countries and in the training of farmers of such developing countries within the United States or abroad;

(4) To conduct research in tropical or subtropical agriculture for the improvement and development of tropical and subtropical food products for dissemination and cultivation in friendly countries;

(5) To coordinate the program authorized in this section with other foreign assistance activities of the United States;

(6) To establish by such rules and regulations as he deems necessary the conditions for eligibility and retention in and dismissal from the program established in this section, together with the terms, length and nature of service, compensation, employee status, oaths of office, and security clearances, and such persons shall be entitled to the benefits and subject to the responsibilities applicable to persons serving in the Peace Corps pursuant to the provisions of section 612, volume 75 of the Statutes at Large, as amended; and

(7) To the maximum extent practicable, to pay the costs of such program through the use of foreign currencies accruing from the sale of agricultural commodities under this Act, as provided in section 104 (i).

(b) There are hereby authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $33,000,000 during any fiscal year for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this section.29a (7 U.S.C. 1736.)

SEC. 407. There is hereby established an Advisory Committee composed of the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Director of the Bureau of the Budget,

29 Sec. 214 of P.L. 94-161, 89 Stat. 855, Dec. 20, 1975, amended Sec. 406(a) by substituting "President" for "Secretary of Agriculture" in the introductory paragraph, by deleting from paragraph (1) the words "through existing agencies of the Department of Agriculture" following "administer", and by substituting "with other foreign assistance activities of the United States" for reference to activities of other agencies of the United States in paragraph 5.

the Administrator of the Agency for International Development, the chairman and the ranking minority member of both the House Committee on Agriculture and the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the chairman and the ranking minority member of both the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, or their designees (who shall be members of such committees, or, in the case of members from the executive branch, who shall have been confirmed by the Senate).29 The Advisory Committee shall survey the general policies relating to the administration of the Act, including the manner of implementing the self-help provisions, the uses to be made of foreign currencies which accrue in connection with sales for foreign currencies under title I, the amount of currencies to be reserved in sales agreements for loans to private industry under section 104(e), rates of exchange, interest rates, and the terms under which dollar credit sales are made, and shall advise the President with respect thereto. The Advisory Committee shall meet not less than four times during each calendar year at the call of the Acting Chairman of such Committee who shall preside in the following order: The chairman of the House Committee on Agriculture, the chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, the chairman of the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, and the chairman of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs.30 (7 U.S.C. 1736a.)

SEC. 408 (a). 30a The President shall make a report to Congress not later than April 1 each year with respect to the activities carried out under this Act during the preceding fiscal year. Such report shall describe the progress of each country with which agreements are in effect under title I in carrying out its agreements under such title.

(b) 30a Not later than September 30 of each year, the President shall submit to the Congress a report containing a global assessment of food production and needs and setting forth planned programming of food assistance under title I for the coming fiscal year. Not later than December 31, March 31, and June 30 of each year, the President shall submit a report to the Congress showing the current status of planned programming of food assistance under title I for the current fiscal year.

(c) 30 Beginning October 1, 1978, and at each five-year interval thereafter, the President shall submit to the Congress a comparative cross-country evaluation of programs conducted under titles II and III. Such evaluations shall cover no fewer than five countries sampled from the developing regions (Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean), and shall assess the nutritional and other impacts. achievements, problems, and future prospects for programs under

these titles.

20b The parenthetical clause and the three preceding words were added by Sec. 210 of P.L. 94-161, 89 Stat. 854, Dec. 20, 1975.

30 Amended by P.L. 90-436, 82 Stat. 451, July 29, 1968.

30a Sec. 211 of P.L. 94-161, 89 Stat. 854, Dec. 20, 1975, added "(a)" immediately after "Sec. 408.", changed the reporting period from calendar to fiscal year in subsection (a), and added new subsections (b) and (c). Sec. 213 of the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 1977, P.L. 95-88, 91 Stat. 551, Aug. 3, 1977, amended Subsecs. (b) and (c) to read as shown in the text.

(d) (1) 30b Not later than six months following the date of enactment of this subsection, and at each two-year interval thereafter, the Secretary of Agriculture shall issue revised regulations governing all operations under title I of this Act, including operations relating to purchasing countries, suppliers of commodities or ships, and purchasing or shipping agents. The regulations shall include, but not be limited to, prohibitions against conflicts of interest, as determined by the Secretary, between (Ã) recipient countries (or other purchasing entities) and their agents, (B) suppliers of commodities, (C) suppliers of ships, and (D) other shipping interests.

(2) The regulations shall be designed to encourage an increase in the number of exporters participating in the program.

(3) All revised regulations governing operations under title I and title III of this Act shall be transmitted to Congress by the Secretary as soon as practicable after their issuance.

(e) 30b Bagged commodities for the purpose of financing by the Commodity Credit Corporation under this Act may, subject to regulations issued by the Secretary of Agriculture, be considered "exported" upon delivery at port, and upon presentation of a dock receipt in lieu of an on-board bill of lading. (7 U.S.C. 1736b.)

SEC. 409.31 No agreements to finance sales under title 1 and no programs of assistance under title II shall be entered into after December 31, 1981. New spending authority provided for title I of this Act by the amendment to this section made by the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 shall be effective for any fiscal year only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in appropriation Acts. (7 U.S.C. 1736c.)

SEC. 410. The provisions of section 620 (e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (referring to nationalization, expropriation, and related governmental Acts affecting property owned by United States citizens), shall be applicable to assistance provided under title I of this Act.32 (7 U.S.C. 1736d.)

ob Sec. 1207 of the Food and Assistance Act of 1977, P.L. 95-113, 91 Stat. 957, Sept. 29, 1977, added Subsecs. (d) and (e).

31 Amended by Sec. 701 of the Agricultural Act of 1970, P.L. 91-524, 84 Stat. 1379, Nov. 30, 1970 to extend the period from December 31, 1970, to December 31, 1973. Amended by Sec. 1(26) of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, P.L. 93-86, 87 Stat. 237, Aug. 10, 1973, to change the final date to December 31, 1977. Sec. 1208 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977, P.L. 95–113, 91 Stat. 957, Sept. 29, 1977, extended the final date to Dec. 31, 1981, and added the second sentence.

Sec. 620 (e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, P.L. 87-195, 75 Stat. 444, Sept. 4, 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C. 2370 (e)) reads in part as follows:

(e) (1) The President shall suspend assistance to the government of any country to which assistance is provided under this or any other Act when the government of such country or any government agency or subdivision within such country on or after January 1, 1962

(A) has nationalized or expropriated or seized ownership or control of property owned by any United State citizen or by any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50 per centum beneficially owned by United States citizens, or (B) has taken steps to repudiate or nullify existing contracts or agreements with any United States citizen or any corporation, partnership, or association not less than 50 per centum beneficially owned by United States citizens, or

(C) has imposed or enforced discriminatory taxes or other exactions, or restrictive maintenance or operational conditions, or has taken other actions, which have the effect of nationalizing, expropriating, or otherwise seizing ownership or control of property so owned,

and such country, government agency, or government subdivision fails within a reasonable time (not more than six months after such action, or, in the event of a referral to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States within such period as provided herein, not more than twenty days after the report of the Commission is received) to take appropriate steps, which may include arbitration, to discharge its obligations under international law toward such citizen or entity, including speedy compensation for

SEC. 411.32 No agricultural commodities shall be sold under title I or title III or donated under title II of this Act to North Vietnam, unless by an Act of Congress enacted subsequent to July 1, 1973, assistance to North Vietnam is specifically authorized. (7 U.S.C. 1736e.)

SEC. 412.33 The President is authorized and encouraged to seek international agreement, subject to congressional approval, for a system of food reserves to meet food shortage emergencies and to provide insurance against unexpected shortfalls in food production, with costs of such a system to be equitably shared among nations and with farmers and consumers to be given firm safeguards against market price disruption from such a system. (7 U.S.C. 1736f.)

such property in convertible foreign exchange, equivalent to the full value thereof, as required by international law, or fails to take steps designed to provide relief from such taxes, exactions, or conditions, as the case may be; and such suspension shall continue until the President is satisfied that appropriate steps are being taken, and the provisions of this subsection shall not be waived with respect to any country unless the President determines and certifies that such a waiver is important to the national interests of the United States. Such certification shall be reported immediately to Congress."

32a Sec. 411 was added by Sec. 1(26) of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, P.L. 93-86, 87 Stat. 237, Aug. 10, 1973.

33 Sec. 412 was added by Sec. 212 of P.L. 94-161, 89 Stat. 855, Dec. 20, 1975.