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Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by-Continued
Gleason, George L., executive vice president and general counsel,
American Nuclear Energy Council: Submissions to additional sub-
committee questions..

Page 147-154

Hazle, Albert J., director, Radiation and Hazardous Waste Control Division, Colorado Department of Health: Submissions to additional subcommittee questions..

176-182

Hilberg, Albert W., M.D., Division of Medical Sciences, Assembly of
Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of
Sciences:

Material relative to the hearings.

21-48

101-105

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions. Libassi, F. Peter, General Counsel, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and Chairman, Interagency Task Force on Radiation: Attachments to prepared statement and submissions to additional subcommittee questions.. 416-420, 426-438

Kindness, Hon. Thomas N., a Representative in Congress from the
State of Ohio: Prepared statement..

Liverman, Dr. James L., Acting Assistant Secretary for Environment,
Department of Energy:

9

Prepared statement...

483-515

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions.

516-522

Table 1.-Radiation epidemiology studies.

471

Table 2.-Environmental and biomedical programs..

473

Marienthal, George, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for

Energy, Environment, and Safety, Department of Defense:

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Minogue, Robert B., Director, Office of Standards Development, Nuclear Regulatory Commission:

Prepared statement...

185-191

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions.

293-407

Radford, Edward P., M.D., professor of environmental epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh: Submissions to subcommittee questions__

106-109

Rowe, Dr. W. D., Deputy Assistant Administrator for Radiation Programs, Environmental Protection Agency: Submissions to additional subcommittee questions__.

124-136

Ryan, Hon. Leo J., a Representative in Congress from the State of
California, and chairman, Environment, Energy, and Natural Re-
sources Subcommittee:

Article from the Washington Post of April 18, 1978, entitled
"Pacific Experience Shows Difficulty of Cleaning Up Radia-
tion".

Taylor, Lauriston S., M.D., past president, National Council on Ra-
diation Protection and Measurements:

2-3

Prepared statement..

53-84

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions.

91-100

Villforth, John C., Director, Bureau of Radiological Health, Food and
Drug Administration:

History of the attempts of HEW to resolve the EPA/HEW medi-
cal radiation conflict__

211-220

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions..

223-287

APPENDIXES

Appendix 1.-GAO report CED-78-27 dated, January 20, 1978.
Appendix 2.-Additional material submitted for the record__
Appendix 3.-Statements submitted for the record...

523

532

554

RADIATION PROTECTION

TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 1978

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY,

AND NATURAL RESOURCES SUBCOMMITTEE

OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS,

Washington, D.C.

The subcommittee met, pursuant to notice, at 10 a.m., in room 2203, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Leo J. Ryan (chairman of the subcommittee) presiding.

Present: Representatives Leo J. Ryan, Jack Hightower, Robert F. Drinan, Thomas N. Kindness, Arlan Stangeland, and John E. (Jack) Cunningham.

Also present: Norman G. Cornish, staff director; David A. Schuenke, counsel; Dan Cook, chief investigator; Geraldine A. Fitzgerald, chief clerk; and Thomas G. Morr, manority professional staff, Committee on Government Operations.

Mr. RYAN. The subcommittee will come to order.

This morning the Environment, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee commences a very important series of hearings.

Today and tomorrow we will be examining the radiation protection program of the Environmental Protection Agency.

The problems of radiation, and the exposure of the public to radiation sources, is largely a modern problem. It results from our rapidly evolving technology in matters as diverse as nuclear fuel, microwave ovens, and television and radio transmission systems.

The effects of high levels of ionizing radiation are known, and they are lethal.

However, when we deal with low levels of radiation, or with nonionizing radiation, such as that associated with microwave ovens, or various types of medical equipment, the effects on man and the environment are much less clear. We find a variety of scientific opinions. There are many unanswered questions.

Our purpose here is not to attempt to sort out the scientific evidence, or to attempt to resolve those issues.

Our purpose is to look at the governmental structure which has been created to deal with this problem, and which is charged with the protection of the public from the hazards of radiation.

In particular, we will be examining the role of the Environmental Protection Agency in protecting the public from radiation hazards. There are many agencies involved in radiation protection. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Department of Energy, the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Institutes of Health are ..ome of the many agencies involved in this area.

COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS

JACK BROOKS, Texas, Chairman

L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina
JOHN E. MOSS, California
DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida
WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD, Pennsylvania
BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, New York
FERNAND J. ST GERMAIN, Rhode Island
DON FUQUA, Florida

JOHN CONYERS, JR., Michigan

LEO J. RYAN, California
CARDISS COLLINS, Illinois
JOHN L. BURTON, California

RICHARDSON PREYER, North Carolina
MICHAEL HARRINGTON, Massachusetts
ROBERT F. DRINAN, Massachusetts
BARBARA JORDAN, Texas
GLENN ENGLISH, Oklahoma

ELLIOTT H. LEVITAS, Georgia

DAVID W. EVANS, Indiana

ANTHONY MOFFETT, Connecticut
ANDREW MAGUIRE, New Jersey
LES ASPIN, Wisconsin

HENRY A. WAXMAN, California

JACK HIGHTOWER, Texas

JOHN W. JENRETTE, JR., South Carolina FLOYD J. FITHIAN, Indiana

MICHAEL T. BLOUIN, Iowa

PETER H. KOSTMAYER, Pennsylvania

TED WEISS, New York

FRANK HORTON, New York
JOHN N. ERLENBORN, Illinois
JOHN W. WYDLER, New York
CLARENCE J. BROWN, Ohio

PAUL N. MCCLOSKEY, JR., California
GARRY BROWN, Michigan

CHARLES THONE, Nebraska

ROBERT W. KASTEN, JR., Wisconsin
THOMAS N. KINDNESS, Ohio
TOM CORCORAN, Illinois
DAN QUAYLE, Indiana

ROBERT S. WALKER, Pennsylvania
ARLAN STANGELAND, Minnesota
JOHN E. (JACK) CUNNINGHAM,
Washington

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Alvarez, Robert, Washington representative, Environmental Policy
Center

Baier, Edward J., Deputy Director, National Institute for Occupa-
tional Safety and Health, Center for Disease Control, Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare; accompanied by Richard Boggs,
Assistant Director, External Coordination_
Eschwege, Henry, Director, Community and Economic Development
Division, U.S. General Accounting Office; accompanied by Bill
Krueger, Assistant Director; and James E. Wells, Jr., supervisory
auditor.

Gerusky, Thomas M., director, Bureau of Radiological Health, Penn-
sylvania Department of Environmental Resources-.

Gleason, George L., executive vice president and general counsel,
American Nuclear Energy Council..

Hazle, Albert J., director, Radiation and Hazardous Waste Control
Division, Colorado Department of Health ---
Hilberg, Albert W., M.D., Division of Medical Sciences, Assembly of
Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of
Sciences__.

Libassi, F. Peter, General Counsel, Department of Health, Education,
and Welfare, and Chairman, Interagency Task Force on Radiation;
accompanied by Linda Donaldson, Office of the General Counsel;
and Clark Heath, Center for Disease Control----.
Liverman, Dr. James L., Acting Assistant Secretary for Environment,
Department of Energy-

Marienthal, George, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for
Energy, Environment, and Safety, Department of Defense;
accompanied by Vice Adm. R. R. Monroe, Director, Defense Nuclear
Agency; and Capt. Joseph Bloom, Commanding Officer, U.S. Naval
Medical Research and Development Command, Navy Medical Corps.
Minogue, Robert B., Director, Office of Standards Development,
Nuclear Regulatory Commission...

Rowe, Dr. W. D., Deputy Assistant Administrator for Radiation Pro-
grams, Environmental Protection Agency; accompanied by Dr.
William Mills; and Dr. Robert Augustine, Director of Operations.
Taylor, Lauriston S., M.D., past president, National Council on Radi-
ation Protection and Measurements; accompanied by Dr. Hymer
Friedell, vice president..

Villforth, John C., Director, Bureau of Radiological Health, Food and
Drug Administration..

439

194

4

155

138

157

20

411

469

452

183

110

49

192

Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by-
Baier, Edward J., Deputy Director, National Institute for Occupa-
tional Safety and Health, Center for Disease Control, Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare:

Prepared statement.

196-205

288-292

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions.
Eschwege, Henry, Director, Community and Economic Development
Division, U.S. General Accounting Office: Submissions to additional
subcommittee questions..

Gerusky, Thomas M., director, Bureau of Radiological Health, Penn-
sylvania Department of Environmental Resources: Submissions to
additional subcommittee questions_-_-

14-19

166-175

Letters, statements, etc., submitted for the record by-Continued
Gleason, George L., executive vice president and general counsel,
American Nuclear Energy Council: Submissions to additional sub-
committee questions__.

Page 147-154

Hazle, Albert J., director, Radiation and Hazardous Waste Control Division, Colorado Department of Health: Submissions to additional subcommittee questions.........

176-182

Hilberg, Albert W., M.D., Division of Medical Sciences, Assembly of
Life Sciences, National Research Council, National Academy of
Sciences:

Material relative to the hearings.

21-48

101-105

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions. Libassi, F. Peter, General Counsel, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and Chairman, Interagency Task Force on Radiation: Attachments to prepared statement and submissions to additional subcommittee questions-416-420, 426-438 Kindness, Hon. Thomas N., a Representative in Congress from the State of Ohio: Prepared statement..

Liverman, Dr. James L., Acting Assistant Secretary for Environment,
Department of Energy:

9

Prepared statement..

483-515

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions.
Table 1.-Radiation epidemiology studies--

516-522

471

Table 2.-Environmental and biomedical programs.

473

Marienthal, George, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for

Energy, Environment, and Safety, Department of Defense:

Army/Navy/Marine personnel..

464

Material relative to the hearings.

461-462

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions..

467-468

Minogue, Robert B., Director, Office of Standards Development, Nuclear Regulatory Commission:

Prepared statement...

185-191

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions..

Radford, Edward P., M.D., professor of environmental epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh: Submissions to subcommittee questions__

293-407

106-109

Rowe, Dr. W. D., Deputy Assistant Administrator for Radiation Programs, Environmental Protection Agency: Submissions to additional subcommittee questions-- -

124-136

Ryan, Hon. Leo J., a Representative in Congress from the State of
California, and chairman, Environment, Energy, and Natural Re-
sources Subcommittee:

Article from the Washington Post of April 18, 1978, entitled
"Pacific Experience Shows Difficulty of Cleaning Up Radia-
tion".

Taylor, Lauriston S., M.D., past president, National Council on Ra-
diation Protection and Measurements:

2-3

Prepared statement...

53-84

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions..

91-100

Villforth, John C., Director, Bureau of Radiological Health, Food and
Drug Administration:

History of the attempts of HEW to resolve the EPA/HEW medi-
cal radiation conflict__.

211-220

Submissions to additional subcommittee questions..

APPENDIXES

223-287

Appendix 1.-GAO report CED-78-27 dated, January 20, 1978..
Appendix 2.-Additional material submitted for the record...
Appendix 3.-Statements submitted for the record...

523

532

554

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