Present assignment: Chief of Staff, United States Army, Washington, DC 203100200, since June 1987.

Military schools attended: The Artillery School, Basic and Advanced Courses; United States Marine Corps Command and Staff College; United States Army War College.

Educational degrees: United States Military Academy-BS Degree-Military Science; Shippenburg State College-MS Degree-Public Administration.

Major duty assignments:

Assistant Executive Officer/Platoon Leader, Howitzer Company, 1st Reconnaissance Battalion, 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fort Meade, Maryland, August 1958 to November 1959.

Commander, Howitzer Battery, 3rd Reconnaissance Squadron, 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, Fort Meade, Maryland, December 1959 to June 1960.

Assistant S-3, 5th Howitzer Battalion (105/155mm(SP)), 82nd Artillery Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division Artillery, 1st Cavalry Division, Korea, August 1960 to October 1960.

S-3, 5th Howitzer Battalion (105/155mm(SP)), 82nd Artillery Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division Artillery, 1st Cavalry Division, Korea, October 1960 to August 1961.

Student, Artillery Officer Career Course, United States Army Air Defense School, Fort Bliss, Texas, and United States Army Artillery School, Fort Sill, Oklahoma, October 1961 to July 1962.

Assistant S-3, XVIII Airborne Corps Artillery, XVIII Airborne Corps, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, July 1962 to September 1963.

Commander, Headquarters Battery, XVIII Airborne Corps Artillery, XVIII Airborne Corps, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, September 1963 to December 1963.

United States/United Kingdom Exchange Officer for duty with the British 7th Royal Horse Artillery (Parachute), 16th Parachute Group, Aldershot, Hampshire, England, December 1963 to February 1965.

Team Chief, Fire Support Coordination Element, VII Corps Artillery, VII Corps, United States Army Europe, February 1965 to June 1966.

Executive Officer, 1st Battalion, 7th Artillery Regiment, 1st Infantry Division, United States Army Pacific (Vietnam), June 1966 to May 1967.

Student, Marine Corps Command and Staff College, Quantico, Virginia, May 1967 to May 1968.

Personnel Management Officer, Assignment Section, Field Artillery Branch, Officer Personnel Directorate, Office of Personnel Operations, Washington, D.C., June 1968 to June 1970.

Executive Officer, 1st Cavalry Division Artillery (Airmobile), 1st Cavalry Division, United States Army, Vietnam, June 1970 to December 1970.

Commander, 1st Battalion, 77th Artillery Regiment (later 21st Artillery Regiment), 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile), United States Army, Vietnam, December 1970 to July 1971.

Operations Research/Systems Analyst, Office of the Vice Chief of Staff, United States Army, Washington, D.C., July 1971 to March 1972.

Executive Officer for the Office of the Project Manager for Reorganization of the Army (QPRM), Office of the Chief of Staff, United States Army, Washington, D.C., March 1972 to June 1972.

Student, United States Army War College, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, June 1972 to June 1973.

Chief, Budget Division, Plans, Programming, and Budget Directorate, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel, United States Army, Washington, D.C., June 1973 to January 1975.

Commander, Division Artillery, 82d Airborne Division, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, January 1975 to August 1976.

Executive to the Chief of Staff, United States Army, Washington, D.C., September 1976 to August 1977.

Assistant Division Commander, 1st Infantry Division (Mechanized), Fort Riley, Kansas, August 1977 to August 1979.

Deputy Chief of Staff for Combat Development, United States Army Training and Doctrine Command, Fort Monroe, Virginia, August 1979 to June 1981.

Commanding General, 8th Infantry Division (Mechanized), United States Army Europe, June 1981 to June 1983.

Deputy Commanding General, United States Army Training and Doctrine Command/Commanding General, United States Army Combined Arms Center and Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, June 1983 to June 1985.

Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans, United States Army, Washington, D.C., June 1985 to June 1986.

Commanding General, United States Army Training and Doctrine Command, Fort Monroe, Virginia, June 1986 to June 1987.

Bronze Star Medal with V Device (with 5 Oak Leaf Clusters).

Meritorious Service Medal.

Air Medals.

Army Commendation Medal (with 4 Oak Leaf Clusters).

Master Parachutist Badge.

Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge.

Army General Staff Identification Badge.

Source of commission: USMA.

Summary of joint experience:

United States/United Kingdom Exchange Officer for duty with British 7th Royal Horse Artillery (Parachute), 16th Parachute Group, Aldershot, Hampshire England, December 1963 to February 1965, Captain.

Executive to the Chief of Staff, Army, Office of the Chief of Staff, Washington, DC,1 September 1976 to August 1977, Colonel/Brigadier General.

Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and Plans/Operations Deputy (Joint Affairs), United States Army, Washington, DC,1 June 1985 to June 1986, Lieutenant General.

Chairman NUNN. General, do you have any opening statement? Do you want to give us any thoughts you may have on your mind now about the future of the Army and your responsibilities? We would be delighted to have that.

STATEMENT OF GEN. CARL E. VUONO, NOMINEE TO BE CHIEF OF STAFF, U.S. ARMY

General VUONO. Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the opportunity to meet with you and other members of the committee. I certainly thank both you and Senator Warner for your kind words.

I am deeply honored to have been nominated for the position of leading our Army. I look forward to making some lasting contributions to our Army and to our Nation. I am mindful of and grateful for the stewardship of General John Wickham, who it was my pleasure to serve with over the past 4 years in his role as Chief of Staff.

I look forward to working with your committee, and I understand fully my responsibilities to assist the committee and the Congress in their critical and central role in providing for this Nation's defense.

1 Joint Equivalent.

And I assure you, Mr. Chairman, that I will be honest, candid, and forthcoming in all of my dealings with you and members of your committee. I am looking forward to the opportunity to work closely with all of you, and the other services, in fulfilling our mutual and sacred trust, which is the defense of this free Nation.

TRAINING AND DOCTRINE COMMAND

Chairman NUNN. Thank you very much, general.

General, you are down in Training and Doctrine Command [TRADOC] and you are looking at the Army of the future, and that is one of the most important posts in the U.S. Army. You have had a lot of experience in Europe and other fields.

Where do you see us in the Army now in terms of where we are going? Do you think we are going to have evolutionary changes over the next 3 or 4 years? Do you believe we will have to make any kind of very substantial changes in the direction we are moving in?

General VUONO. Sir, I have not only given that some thought recently, but it has been at the forefront of my efforts over the past several years. I guess I will start by giving a short assessment of where we are, because I think we must build on that.

I think we start with the quality soldiers we have-and thanks to your committee and Congress, we have the best soldiers we have had in a number of years. I will not recount all the statistics on that. I think they are well-known.

I think we have a sound how-to-fight doctrine for the Army, built on preparing the Army to carry out its role in joint operations. I think we have training programs in place that are solid.

I think our modernization effort, both organizationally and systemwise, has been a sound avenue for us. Finally, I think the real strength that we have in our Army has been the development of our leaders over the past several years, both noncommissioned officers and officers.

So that is a backdrop. Now where do I think we will need to go in the future? The Army, in order to sustain the momentum, must project itself out into the future, must have vision of where it wants to go.

I think there are several things we must do. First of all, we must continue to get quality soldiers in our force, because if we do not do that, we will run into difficulties in other areas.

I think we must ensure that our doctrine remains evolutionary. Our doctrine must be compatible with our responsibilities as an Army to support the various Commanders-in-Chief (CINCs), around the world. It has to be a doctrine that is sound for both NATO and for other parts of the world where we may be called upon to fight as part of a joint and a combined force. And I want to continue that effort in the doctrine area.

I want to improve and take advantage of technology to ensure that our training programs are sound and compatible with our how-to-fight doctrine, again globally.

In the area of modernization, which is one that will take a great deal of our efforts to improve, I want to make sure that we are modernizing the force in a prudent man, both organizationally

and systemwise, so that the Army's forces are compatible with our strategic imperatives and our how-to-fight doctrine.

I look for some very tough tradeoffs in the years ahead in the modernization arena. I believe we are going to have to make some very tough decisions in terms of the systems that we want, and ensure that we are putting our resources and our efforts on those systems that give us the greatest payoff on the battlefield.

Finally, I want to ensure that we strengthen even further the development of our leaders, so that the leaders we develop are wellgrounded in the Army, and understand our service so that they can do their proper job in joint operations.

I would say, in a nutshell, that is how I visualize moving in the next several years.

Chairman NUNN. General Wickham testified earlier this year that we have completed about one-third of our Army modernization program. And, of course, we all know about the budget situation and the budget squeeze.

Do you see us in a position of now having to begin to choose between the efficiency of production of some systems and continuing to use old systems? Are we going to have to actually cut out some Army systems in terms of the budget situation?

Or have you had a chance to analyze the 5-year plan in that kind of detail?

General VUONO. I have not had the chance to get input in the kind of detail that I will get over the next several months, Mr. Chairman, but I will say that we are going to have to look at the balance between the systems that we are bringing on right now, and future systems of the Army. I think we must start with how we intend to fight.

And we must ensure that those systems that are compatible with how we intend to fight are where we put our efforts. There are going to be some very tough tradeoffs, in my view.

It must be not what systems we would like to have, but which of those systems must we put our efforts behind, from a resource standpoint, to give us the greatest payoff.

And I believe that I owe that to you and the members of this committee to lay out for you, from a warfighting standpoint, those requirements that we must meet, and those systems that we need to meet the requirements.

Chairman NUNN. Thank you. My time has expired.

Senator Warner.

Senator WARNER. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. General, as you plan for the next 4 years, how do you propose to address the problem of the declining pool of eligible persons from which come the recruits for the Armed Forces of the United States?

General VUONO. That is certainly an area param ›unt in my thinking, because as I say, it starts with quality pe ple. As the manpower pool shrinks, we have got to ensure that ongoing programs are continued. With your help and support we think we can do that.

As we talk to those folks who are involved in recruiting, the kinds of programs we have now, the passage of the GI bill, those kinds of things are very great incentives to continue to attract the bright young men and women that we want to have in our Army.

We have another responsibility internally in our Army. We have got to have an Army that is vibrant, that has a dedicated mission, that is professional in all aspects to ensure that we not only retain the young men and women coming in, but the message goes out loud and clear that we want to serve in this great Army of ours. And I see that as a twofold challenge. One, to keep the programs going so that we can retain-so that we can recruit. And then to show that the Army is an organization that men and women want to serve in.

Senator WARNER. General, you have been following the events in the Persian Gulf. And on the assumption that you will be confirmed, which I anticipate will be forthcoming, you will assume the position of Chief of Staff of the Army sometime around the 23d or 24th of June. At that time the proposed policy of reflagging will be in its implementation stage, if the present schedule as announced by the administration is adhered to.

In the Reorganization Act, Congress carefully provided specifically for a member of the Joint Chiefs to express to Congress the policies of the administration.

If asked by the President, what views would you express regarding this Nation's participation in maintaining the objectives of reflagging-namely the freedom of passage and navigation—in trying to promote peace and more stability in the area if this Nation has to go it alone in terms of any confrontation in International waters, or the necessity to initiate hot pursuit in another Nation's, an aggressive Nation's territorial waters? What advice would you give the President?

General VUONO. Well, Senator Warner, that is an area that I obviously have been following. I am not up to speed on all the details of that whole operation. I know that the Joint Chiefs have testified both in open and closed sessions here. I am not familiar with the results, particularly in the closed sessions.

Senator WARNER. I am interested in your personal view. I am certain that as a highly intelligent man, that you have read the articles and the public statements on this: This particular Senator has a growing concern that a policy of going it alone for this Nation is not a wise one.

What is your view? Do you think we should have active allied participation in terms of military responsibilities of maintaining freedom of the seas?

General VUONO. My personal view is that it would certainly be advantageous to have as much support in that region as we could possibly get from our allied countries.

But in terms of our own national interests, if it comes down to the national interest, then I would support an approach which says we would have to provide whatever is necessary to carry out our national interests in that area, even if we have to do it alone.

Senator WARNER. In other words, you would support a go-it-alone policy in terms of discharging our goals in international waters? General VUONO. Probably.

Chairman NUNN. Senator Shelby.

Senator SHELBY. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

General, as members of this committee we are concerned about the negotiations going on in Geneva. A couple of weeks ago I was