The appropriation of 1890, $12,500, being applied to annual maintenance of channel, does not reduce the estimate of amount required for completion, which is, as before that appropriation, $130,000. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended. Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890.. June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year July 1, 1891, balance unexpended. July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities.. July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts. $3,753.30 July 1, 1891, balance available Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.. (See Appendix D 4.) $516.42 12,500.00 13, 016. 42 1,741.75 11, 274.67 10,540.75 733.92 130, 000, 00 90,000.00 5. Duck Island Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor is a broad bay on the north side of Long Island Sound, about midway between the harbors of New Haven and New London, a distance of 46 miles in the widest part of the sound where there is no sufficient harbor or refuge for general commerce. Duck Island Harbor is large enough for such use, but is naturally unprotected from storms from any southerly quarter. By order of Congress examinations of this harbor were made in 1883 and 1886, and subsequently a project was adopted for making it a harbor of refuge by constructing three breakwaters, west one extending westerly from Duck Island, the middle one extending northeasterly from Duck Island, and the east one extending south westerly from Menunketesuck Point, the east limit of the harbor. The total length of these breakwaters was to be 5,880 feet, and their estimated cost is $463,540. Work under this project was begun during the past fiscal year, and 270 linear feet of the west breakwater was built under a contract in progress. The total amount appropriated for this improvement is $25,000. $25,000,00 819.02 July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 24, 180.98 July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities.. July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts.. $4, 918. 44 18,900.00 July 1, 1891, balance available. 5, 280.98 438,540.00 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix D 5.) 6. Clinton Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor is 10 miles west of the mouth of the Connecticut River. Its channel runs for nearly a mile inside of a beach, through which a breach was made about the year 1840, after which the channel shoaled in two places to about 4 feet depth where it had been 8 feet deep. The project for improvement adopted in 1882 provided for closing the breach and, if that did not restore the channel depth for dredging a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep at mean low water through the shoals. The entire cost was estimated at $10,000. A riprap dike was built across the breach in 1883; the channel depth has not changed since 1882. During the past fiscal year the dike has been repaired. During the ensuing year the balance of the available funds will be expended in dredging. Future appropriations will be applied to completing the projected dredging. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890.. $252.73 3,500.00 3, 752.73 $252.73 387.51 3,365. 22 2, 190.00 July 1, 1891, balance available (Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix D 6.) 1, 175. 22 3,500.00 3,500.00 7. New Haven Harbor, Connecticut.—The original available low-water depth up to the wharves in this harbor was about 9 feet. The first project for deepening the channel provided for making it 13 feet deep, which was done in 1871. It was widened at different times until 1878, when a project was adopted for dredging a channel 16 feet deep and not less than 400 feet wide. In 1882 a project was adopted for building a dike to extend out from Sandy Point, with an arm parallel to the channel and 3,200 feet long, in order to contract the channel and maintain 16 feet depth on Fort Hale Bar when that depth should be obtained by dredging. A 16-foot channel, from 400 to 600 feet wide, has been obtained all the way up the harbor, except over the Fort Hale Bar, where the depth is but 13 feet. The shore arm and 2,089 feet of the channel arm of the Sandy Point Dike have been built. During the past fiscal year dredging has been done to widen the channel near the head of the harbor; 139,806 cubic yards has been dredged and the channel opposite and above Long Wharf has been widened from 120 to 230 feet, with depth of 16 feet at mean low water. Future appropriations will be applied to dredging and to extension of the dike, if required. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890.. $170.64 15, 000, 00 $63,000.00 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project.... (See Appendix D 7.) 8. Breakwater at New Haven, Connecticut.-In 1880 a project was adopted for making a harbor of refuge at the entrance of New Haven Harbor by the construction of two riprap breakwaters; the first to be 3,300 feet long, extending northeasterly from the light-house on Southwest Ledge, to Quixes Ledge; the second to be 4,200 feet long, extending northwesterly from Luddington Rock. The estimated cost was $1,311,134. The river and harbor act of August 11, 1888, provided: "And the Chief of Engineers may, if deemed necessary, relocate the western breakwater, and the Secretary of War is authorized in his discretion to expend any portion of said sum in commencing its construction." The New Haven harbor commissioners proposed a plan for relocation of the western breakwater which would largely increase the anchorage afforded under the original project, and which would cost about $5,000,000. There was no doubt of the desirability of increasing the anchorage ground, but the expenditure required by this plan was larger than the present demands of commerce seemed to warrant. A plan was suggested by the officer in charge for changing the location of the western breakwater to the southwest about 6,000 feet, and constructing a breakwater 5,000 feet long, which should start at a point 1,000 feet N. 54° E. from Luddington Rock, and extend S. 54° W., crossing the rock; also for constructing a smaller breakwater from the east shore towards Quixes Ledge, to better protect the harbor from easterly storms, leaving an eastern entrance channel 800 feet wide and 13 feet deep. The cost of these works, in addition to the present estimates of $1,311,134, would be about $840,000. Upon appropriation of $120,000 by the river and harbor act of 1890, the modifications of project above described were adopted. Further details concerning this plan and a sketch showing location of proposed works are printed in the Annual Report for 1889, Part I, pages 60 and 61; also, Appendix D 6, pages 675-685. During the past fiscal year work was begun on the western breakwater at Luddington Rock, and up to July 1, 1891, 350 linear feet of the work had been built, extending northeasterly from the rock, under a contract still in force; with the available funds it is proposed to build the breakwater about 800 feet in each direction from Luddington Rock. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended.... Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 $15, 670.48 120,000.00 July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts.... 99,722.60 108, 231. 47 July 1, 1891, balance available..... Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and harbor acts of 1866 and 1867. (See Appendix D 8.) 11, €82.59 1,661, 134.00 500,000.00 9. Milford Harbor, Connecticut.-This harbor consists of a broad open bay, from the head of which a small tidal stream extends three-quarters of a mile inland to the upper wharf. Originally the depth on the bar at the mouth of the river was less than 2 feet at mean low tide; in parts of the river the channel ran nearly bare. Under the first project for improvement, adopted in 1872, a channel 4 feet deep and 100 feet wide was excavated through the bar, and thence 40 to 60 feet wide to the upper wharf; small jetties were built to protect the east bank from erosion, and two jetties were built to preserve the channel on the bar, at a total cost of $34,000. In 1881 a project was adopted for making the channel through the bar 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide, at an estimated cost of $11,000. The 8-foot channel has been completed to 100 feet width. During the past fiscal year repairs of the jetties have been begun; these repairs will be finished during the ensuing year with funds now available. The project for this improvement is completed. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended..... Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890. July 1, 1891, balance unexpended.... July 1, 1891, balance available.... (See Appendix D 9.) $71.95 2,500.00 2,571.95 491.67 2,080.28 10. Housatonic River, Connecticut.-The navigable part of this river extends from Derby, Conn., to Long Island Sound, a distance of 13 miles, and was originally obstructed by several bars upon which the low-water depth was from 3 to 5 feet. In 1871 a project was adopted for making and maintaining a channel 100 feet wide and 7 feet deep at mean low water throughout this distance. Besides the necessary dredging, it contemplated building a breakwater east of the channel over the bar at the river's mouth. A channel of the required depth has been dredged several times through the worst bars; the present available depth over them is about 6 feet at mean low water. Drew Rock has been removed to a depth of 7 feet. During the past fiscal year dredging has been done to maintain the channel through the bars in the river and to extend the breakwater, which is now 3,290 feet long. Contracts are now in force for further dredging and extension of breakwater, under which the channel in the river will be deepened and the breakwater will be extended about 1,000 feet, making it about 4,300 feet long. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended ... Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year $21, 428. 01 35,000.00 56, 428. 01 16, 231.55 $132,000.00 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project... (See Appendix D 10.) 11. Bridgeport Harbor, Connecticut.-The available depth in this harbor was originally 5 feet at mean low water. The first project for improvement provided for an 8-foot channel over the outer and inner bars. This was dredged on the outer bar in 1837, and on both bars in 1853. In 1871 a project was adopted for making a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide, subsequently modified to 300 feet, and for building a jetty on the east shore to check the influx of sand. This was accomplished in 1882, and a new project was adopted for widening to 600 feet the channel from the Inner Beacon to the Naugatuck Railroad wharf, to provide for vessels driven in by bad weather, without blocking the main channel. The estimated cost of the latter project was $60,000; it is very nearly completed. A small area remains near the Inner Beacon, which it is considered desirable to dredge. The project was extended in 1888 to include widening the channel above the railroad wharf in order to relieve the crowding at that point, and was further extended by act of Congress authorizing the expenditure of the appropriation of 1888 toward dredging a 9-foot channel up to the head of the upper harbor, above the bridges, and by the river and harbor act of 1890, which directed the beginning of the breakwater from the Tongue to the Inner Beacon. The total estimated cost of these extensions was $65,000, of which $30,000 has been appropriated. During the past fiscal year 750 tons of stone have been delivered in the breakwater between the Tongue and the Inner Beacon, partly finishing 300 linear feet of the shore end under contract in progress. A contract has been made for dredging above the bridges, and work will be begun early in the ensuing year. It is expected, under existing contracts, to extend the breakwater over the full distance to the Beacon, with reduced cross section, and to complete as nearly as practicable the channel above the bridges. July 1, 1890, balance unexpended.... Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 $1,328.75 20,000.00 35,000.00 Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project..... (See Appendix D 11.) 12. Black Rock Harbor, Connecticut.--This harbor consists of a bay partly sheltered by Fairweather Island, and of two small streams extending inland from the head of the bay. The depth in Cedar Creek, the more important of these streams, was from 2 to 4 feet at mean low water, and the channel was narrow and very crooked. The project for improvement, submitted in 1883, includes dredging a |