struction of tool houses, quarters for workmen, and a pile dock 320 feet long, was begun as early in the spring as the weather would permit. The construction of the sea wall was commenced May 1, and is now in progress.

To June 30, 1891, 144.05 cubic yards of concrete foundation was put in, of which 16.41 cubic yards was at the north end, and 127.64 cubic yards at the south end of the new wall. One hundred and fifty-three and fifty-nine one hundredths linear feet of masonry wall has been built, all of which is at the south end. Work on the embankment has not been begun.

Present condition of the sea walls around the entire island:

For 1,023 feet west of the permanent stone wharf the island is inclosed by the ordnance wall. This wall needs repointing, the mortar being washed out of most of the joints to a depth of from 2 to 12 inches, endangering the stone work. With this exception the ordnance wall is in good condition. Estimated cost of repointing 1,023 feet of wall is about $1,100.

The next 1,099 feet is covered by the sea wall on the north side of the island completed April 4, 1890. This wall and foundation are in good condition. About 2,000 cubic yards of earth embankment is required to complete the filling back of this wall. This work is provided for in connection with the construction of the sea wall on the west side of the island. A balance of $3,740.98 is available for completing this work from the appropriation of $50,000 made September 22, 1888.

The next 368 feet of the shore of the island is covered by the Castle Williams wall. This wall bears date of 1812, and was probably built in that year. The wall is in good condition.

The next 1,515 feet along the west side of the island is to be inclosed by the wall now being built under the contract with Breuchand, Pennell & Co.

From this point along the south, southeasterly, and easterly sides of the island, about 2,300 feet to the coal wharf, the wall is in good condition.

The remaining distance around the island, about 325 feet to the permanent stone wharf, is covered by wharves, buildings, and timber bulkheads, which are in a dilapidated condition. As this portion of the island will in the future, as in the past, be used for wharves and landings, the foundations of the wall should extend to a depth which would permit dredging in front of the wall without danger of undermining it. This will materially increase the cost of the wall. estimated cost of building this 325 feet of wall is $17,000.

Money statement.

July 1, 1890, balance unexpended...

Amount appropriated by act approved August 18, 1890.

The

$8,757.10 50,000.00

June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year............

58, 757. 10 5, 016. 12

July 1, 1891, balance unexpended

53, 740.98

July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities

July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts.

$2,608.44 47, 446.76

50,055. 20

July 1, 1891, balance available

3, 685. 78

Amount (estimated) required for completion of project, submitted
June 30, 1891

17,000.00

Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30,1893 17,000.00

Abstract of contracts for sea wall and embankment at Governors Island, New York Harbor, in force during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891.

Name and address of Date of con

contractor.

tract.

Subject of contract.

Price.

Michael Donnelly, May 31, 1889 Delivering and plac- Filling in place, per
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Breuchand, Pennell & Nov. 26, 1890
Co., Yonkers, N. Y.

ing filling.

Construction of sea
wall and embank-
ment.

cubic yard, 22

cents.

Concrete foundation
in place, per cubic
yard, $11.
Masonry wall, per
linear foot, $19.
Embankment, per

cubic yard, 29

cents.

Cramps and dowels,
per pound, 25
cents.

Remarks.

Contract annulled
October 21, 1890.
Contract not yet
completed.

APPENDIX No. 3.

BEACH PROTECTION, WATER SUPPLY, AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM AT FORT MONROE, VIRGINIA.

REPORT OF LIEUTENANT-COLONEL PETER C. HAINS, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER IN CHARGE, FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30,

1891.

IMPROVEMENTS.

a Beach protection at Fort Monroe, Vir- c Sewerage system at Fort Monroe, Virginia.

b Water supply at Fort Monroe, Virginia.

ginia.

UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE, Washington, D. C., July 10, 1891. GENERAL: I have the honor to forward herewith my annual report for the year ending June 30, 1891, on fortifications in my charge. Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

Brig. Gen. THOMAS L. CASEY,

PETER C. HAINS,

Lieut. Col., Corps of Engineers.

Chief of Engineers, U. S. A.

3 A.

BEACH PROTECTION.

The beach on the bay side and to the northeastward of Fort Monroe is being eroded by tidal currents, and especially by northeast storms. This action has progressed to such an extent that the narrow strip of beach which connects Fort Monroe with the mainland, and which has been selected as sites for new batteries, is in danger of being cut through. This narrow strip of land, besides affording communication with the cemetery, is the only area of ground belonging to the reservation not occupied by buildings, and its preservation is essential for military purposes. An allotment of funds from the appropriation for preservation and repair of fortifications, enabled the construction of jetties to be commenced, and an appropriation of $27,000 having been subse

ENG 91. -34

529

quently made for this purpose by act of February 24, 1891, a system of beach protection has been commenced. Under date of March 4, 1891, a contract was made with F. J. Kelly for the construction of about 1,600 linear feet of pile jetty, and the work is now in progress, though from lack of efficient management it has not advanced as rapidly as desired. The work of beach protection has not yet reached a sufficiently advanced stage to determine just what the result will be, but from indications already observed, it is expected that not only will the process of erosion be checked, but that accretions may result as the jetty construction progresses.

Money statement.

Amount appropriated by act approved February 24, 1891.
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year.

June 1, 1891, balance unexpended

July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities

23,985.60

July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts..

$2,453.62

13,365.00

15,818.62

July 1, 1891, balance available

8, 166.98

3 B.

WATER SUPPLY.

In my last annual report the necessity for an improvement in the water supply at Fort Monroe was referred to. The supply of good drinking water is dependent on rain water stored in cisterns. This supply is sufficient for drinking purposes only, in consequence of which an expensive system of bringing water in iron pipes from across Mill Creek is maintained. The water obtained in the latter manner is from driven wells, and is of inferior quality. The importance of an adequate supply of good water within the limits of the fortification, and not liable to be cut off, is self-evident. In my last annual report I recommended an appropriation of $10,000 for the purpose of sinking an artesian well as an experiment. It would be money well expended, whether water be found or not, but if a good supply of palatable water be found at no greater depth than 2,500 feet, it would be of great value to the entire community in that section, as well as to the Government. Six thousand dollars was appropriated by act of February 24, 1891. The subject has received careful consideration and investigation during the past year, but the amount made available by the appropriation of February 24, 1891, is not sufficient for the purpose. It is known that a good supply of water can not be had within about 960 feet of the surface, as a well was carried to that depth some years ago, without success. It is probable that the above depth would have to be exceeded by several hundred feet. As $6,000 would not at present cover the cost of sinking a well beyond a depth already demonstrated to be insufficient, the work has not been undertaken. I recommend that an additional appropriation of $4,000 be made.

Money statement.

Amount appropriated by act approved February 24, 1891.

July 1, 1891, balance unexpended.

July 1, 1891, balance available.......