Somalia: Economy Without StateInternational African Institute, 2003 - 206 pages Does statelessness necessarily mean anarchy and disorder? Clan elders, religious leaders and businessmen have worked together to provide stability and security in large parts of Somalia. Urban centres continue to suffer violence, political chaos and economic disruption. Do money, international trade and investment survive without a state? Somalia has been without a state, a Ministry of Finance, or a central bank, but the Somali Shilling was more stable during the second half of the 1990s than during the 1980s. Economic agreements with transnational firms and sovereign states go ahead. Do town-dwellers fare as well as pastoralists? With the collapse of the state, herders and traders have benefited from reduced restrictions on movement and there is a booming unofficial export and import trade. Settled populations have fared less well. Do pastoralists care about development and social improvement? Throughout the Horn western-funded development projects have had disastrous results. Nevertheless the Somalis have selectively accepted certain elements; phone and internet services are surprisingly cheap.BR> Published in association with the International African Institute North America: Indiana U Press |
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Page 42
... exchange at least 50 percent of their foreign exchange earnings at the ' official ' exchange rate . In March 1988 the official exchange rate was SoSh 99 = US $ 1 , while the real market rate was SoSh 220 = US $ 1 and losing value at ...
... exchange at least 50 percent of their foreign exchange earnings at the ' official ' exchange rate . In March 1988 the official exchange rate was SoSh 99 = US $ 1 , while the real market rate was SoSh 220 = US $ 1 and losing value at ...
Page 94
... exchange bureaus and informal communication exchanges ( telephone , fax , and internet ) 12 that facilitate the movement of goods and money throughout the region and beyond ( see discussion in Chapter 6 ) . Brightly painted pictures of ...
... exchange bureaus and informal communication exchanges ( telephone , fax , and internet ) 12 that facilitate the movement of goods and money throughout the region and beyond ( see discussion in Chapter 6 ) . Brightly painted pictures of ...
Page 141
... exchange rates , Somalia1 Somali shillings per US $ 2 19 ( 10-31 ) 68 ( 57-79 ) 110 ( 90-140 ) 1987 180 ( 140-220 ) ... exchange rate to close the gap between the official and black market rates . For 1986 and subsequent years , I report ...
... exchange rates , Somalia1 Somali shillings per US $ 2 19 ( 10-31 ) 68 ( 57-79 ) 110 ( 90-140 ) 1987 180 ( 140-220 ) ... exchange rate to close the gap between the official and black market rates . For 1986 and subsequent years , I report ...
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Common terms and phrases
Absame activities Afmadow Ahmed animals annual Aulihan author's field notes Baidoa Barre Besteman border region brokers camel cattle cattle trade Chapter conflict costs cross-border trade Development Dinsoor drought dry season earlier Ethiopia export trade faction Food Security FSAU Garissa District global government's collapse grazing groups Harti herders herds Horn of Africa important Jamaame Jubba River Jubba Valley Kenya Kenyan markets Kismayo town livestock livestock exports livestock trade Lower Jubba Region major Marehan Menkhaus merchants middlemen militia milk mobility Mogadishu Mohamed Zubeyr Mombasa moved Nairobi nomadic Ogadeen overseas export pastoral pastoralists percent political population Puntland purchase recent refugee remittances rural Samatar Saudi sector segmentary Siad Barre social Somali borderlands Somali economy Somali herders Somali shilling Somaliland SoSh southern Somalia stateless trader interview trans-border transport UNDP UNOSOM urban warlords water points
Bibliographic information
| Title | Somalia: Economy Without State African issues Somalia: Economy Without State, Peter D. Little |
| Author | Peter D. Little |
| Edition | illustrated |
| Publisher | International African Institute, 2003 |
| Original from | Harvard University |
| Digitized | 7 Sep 2006 |
| ISBN | 0852558651, 9780852558652 |
| Length | 206 pages |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |