Use of Landscape Sciences for the Assessment of Environmental SecurityIrene Petrosillo, Felix Müller, K. Bruce Jones, Giovanni Zurlini, Kinga Krauze, Sergey Victorov, Bai-Lian Li, William G. Kepner Springer Science & Business Media, 2007 M10 2 - 497 pages The assessment of land use and land cover is an important activity for cont- porary land management. Human land-use practices are the most significant factors influencing environmental management at local, regional, national, and global scales. In the past, environmental policies have often reflected a reactive response to environmental perturbations with management efforts focused on short-term, local-scale problems such as pollutant abatement. Currently, environmental management philosophy is evolving toward examination of critical environmental problems over larger spatial scales and assessment of the cumulative risk resulting from multiple problem sources. Today’s environmental managers, urban planners, and decision-makers are increasingly expected to examine environmental and economic problems in a larger geographic context that crosses national boundaries and scientific disciplines. Secondly, cont- porary policy-makers have also been challenged on how they view security. The conventional definition of national security has been expanded to include environmental threats resulting from resource scarcity and overpopulation and it is recognized that environmental factors may have an impact in creating conflict and world instability. Thus the working definition of security has been broadened beyond relying on militaristic aspects alone and has evolved to include the environment. In 1969, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) partly in response to examine the link between environmental issues and security. CCMS was created for the purpose of addressing problems affecting the environment of the member nations and the quality of life of their citizens. |
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Contents
Felix Müller K Bruce Jones Kinga Krauze BaiLian Li Sergey | 19 |
some | 43 |
Irene Petrosillo Giovanni Zurlini and Felix Müller | 57 |
Introduction Landscape Science Methodologies | 75 |
Stoyan Nedkov Maryiana Nikolova and Timo Kumpula | 93 |
a | 106 |
Thomas Blaschke and Sergey Victorov | 121 |
Landscapes of the natural park Vepssky Forest 143 | 142 |
The use of scenario analysis to assess future landscape change | 236 |
illustrative examples using | 263 |
Introduction Assessments of HumanEnvironmental | 317 |
Environmental security as related to scale mismatches | 382 |
Fostering ecosystem services security by both objective | 399 |
Environmental assessing of reindeer herding in changing landscapes | 413 |
Timo Kumpula Benjamin Burkhard and Felix Müller | 429 |
Nuclear safety and its impact on the level of environmental security | 453 |
Landscape character as a framework for the assessment | 165 |
Kinga Krauze and Iwona Wagner | 209 |
The influence of catchment land cover on phosphorus balance | 225 |
OctavianLiviu Muntean Lucian Drăguţ Nicolae Baciu Titus Man | 475 |
Appendix I | 489 |
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Common terms and phrases
adaptive management agricultural land analysis approach assessment biodiversity Brauch catchment climate change components concept conservation Copşa Mică crop rotation Cropland decrease demographic change density disturbance dynamics ecohydrology ecological economic EcoSys ecosystem services Editors effects environment environmental security erosion Europe European evaluate Figure forest future global grass-grain Grassland grid cells habitat hazards human hydrological impact increase indicators integrated Kumpula Lake Ladoga land cover change land cover classes landscape change Landscape Ecology landscape metrics landscape sciences Mediterranean monitoring Mulfingen Müller natural NDVI Neva Bay nutrient organized panarchy patterns perennial grasses Petrosillo planning population potential processes protection Ptot regions reindeer reindeer herding remote sensing Research riparian risk runoff satellite scale scenarios Shrubland slopes social soil spatial species Springer structure surface runoff sustainable development Table threats trends types urban values vegetation vulnerability water quality watershed Willamette River Yantra River Zurlini