...improving the quality of community life. Empowerment Rappaport (1987) defined empowerment as "a process, a mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their affairs" (p. 122). "It expresses itself at the level of feelings, at the level of ideas about self-worth, at...

...central phenomenon of interest (Rappaport, 1987). Rappaport suggests that "empowerment is a process, a mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their affairs" (p. 122). Community development deals essentially and directly with this process. Moreover, its particular...

...individual empowerment has recently been linked to citizen participation as empowerment is conceived as "a mechanism by which people, organizations and communities gain mastery over their affairs" (Florin & Wandersman, 1990). Those two concepts of individual/community empowerment and of community...

...individualism affects our conception of empowerment. As Rappaport presents it, empowerment refers to "a mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their affairs." 3 His notion of empowerment is intended to include a psychological sense of personal control as well...

...individualism affects our conception of empowerment. As Rappaport (1987) presented it, empowerment refers to "a mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their affairs" (p. 122). His notion of empowerment is intended to include both a psychological sense of personal control...

...Institute of Medicine (1994). Empowerment Julian Rappaport (1987) defined empowerment as "a process, a mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their affairs" (p. 122). Empowerment has been defined as a multilevel and relational construct (eg, Peterson & Zimmerman,...