Half-Hearted Reform: Electoral Institutions and the Struggle for Democracy in IndonesiaBloomsbury Academic, 2003 M04 30 - 256 pages King provides the most comprehensive analysis to date of the reforms in the core institutions of democratic representation, political parties, elections, and legislatures that led the way from late 1998 through 2001. These reforms are placed in historical perspective, compared both with the electoral institutions of Suharto's New Order and with the first democratic election in 1955. King also examines the political struggles during the legislative process and identifies the compromises reached between hardliners and reformers. The new electoral policies are juxtaposed to actual practices—imlpementation—during the 1999 election at both the national and subnational levels, the latter through a case study in the heartland of Java. |
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... Golkar . We can infer that , similar to urbanization , industrialization is conducive to political pluralism . 5. Government spending in the years preceding an election tended to build support for Golkar . 6. Higher voter turnout rates ...
... Golkar push- ing to modernize the party and detach its links with the military , was elected general chairman over a retired general . New bylaws were passed that explicitly severed the relationship between the party and the " pillars ...
... Golkar's " chan- nel B " ( bureaucracy ) remained a formidable electoral machine , even if " channel A " ( armed forces ) had been largely neutralized and many of those in " channel G " ( young party cadre ) had deserted the party .
Contents
Historical Background | 15 |
Debate and Design | 47 |
Implementation of the 1999 Election | 75 |
Copyright | |
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