arbitration, 331, 334, 345; forci-
ble collection of debts, 350, 351,
370; arbitral procedure, 404;
Court of Arbitral Justice, 421;
International Prize Court, 42,
427, 438, 442. See also Crowe,
Fry, Howard, Ottley, Reay,
Sat w.
Broglie, Duc de, 496.
Brussels, Conference and Declara-
tion of, 1874, 213-218, 225-
228, 233, 238-242, 244-247, 254-
255, 467.
Bryce, Dr. James, 341.
Bulgaria, 11, 14, 93, 138, 172, 174,
175, 259, 282 345, 368, 419, 420.
See also Stancioff.
Bülow, Count and Chancellor von,
50, 71, 387.
Bustamente, M. (1907), Inter-
national Prize Court, 431.
Cæsar, Julius, 499.
California Pious Funds, 405.
Candamo, M. (1907), obligatory
arbitration, 320-321, 323; for-
cible collection of debts, 359-
360.
Carnegie, Andrew, 19, 41, 411, 412,
500.
Castro, M. (1907), obligatory ar-
bitration, 317, 318; forcible col-
lection of debts, 359.
Chili, 74, 80, 97, 103, 138, 162, 222,
311, 322, 323, 325, 425, 445, 447,
450, 457, 458. See also Gana,
Matte.
China, 80, 94, 102, 108, 138, 143,
175, 264, 339, 403, 425, 464.
See also Foster.
Chino-Japanese War, 120.
Choate, Joseph H. (1907), 15;
exemption of private property,
134-135, 137-138, 140-141, 458;
exemption of certain ships, 145;
mediation, 275; obligatory ar-
bitration, 314-317, 322-323, 339,
341-342, 346, 348, 455; arbitral
procedure, 408; Court of Arbi-
tral Justice, 412-415, 418, 423,
424, 426, 495; International
Prize Court, 430-437, 496.
Coanda, Colonel (1899), arma-
ments, 62.
Cobden, Richard, 134.
Collins, Lord Justice, 391.
Columbia, 80, 108, 138, 360, 363,
370. See also Pérez Triana.
Conference of 1899, forerunners,
1; origin, 1-3; place of meeting,
6-8; members, 10-13; leaders,
13; festivities and ceremonies,
17-18; publicity and public
opinion, 21-24; organization,
28; commissions and sub-com-
missions, 28-30; method of
work, 29-30; officers, 30-31;
meetings, 35-40; programme,
45-47; results, 449-456, 463-
476, 496-500; armaments, 35,
46, 52-69, 449-450; warfare in
the air, 76-79, 465; warfare on
the sea: 465-466; new arms and
methods, 83-85; marine can-
non, 85-86, 451; explosives and
asphyxiating gases, 87-90, 466;
torpedo boats and rams, 91-92,
451; bombardment, 100, 234,
452-453; Geneva Convention,
109-124, 466-467 (hospital ships,
109-116; Red Cross officials
and refugees, 118-124); ex-
emption of private property,
126-133, 451-452; neutral
rights and duties, 146-147, 452;
laws and customs, 166, 452-
453; warfare on land: 467; new
arms and methods, 169-170,
453 (explosives, 170-171, 453;
field guns, 171-172, 453; mus-
kets, 172-181, 453; bullets, 181-
187, 468); Geneva Convention,
190-193, [Revision of 1906, 193-
199], 468-469; neutral rights
and duties, 199-201, 453; laws
and customs, 35, 213-215 (bel-
ligerents, 215-220, 469; prison-
ers of war, 222-228, 469; means
of injuring the enemy, 232-234,
469; bombardment, 234, 469-
470; spies, 238-239, 470; flags
of truce, 239-240, 470; armis-
tice, 241-242, 470; capitula-
tions, 242-243, 470; occupation
of hostile territory, 243-256,
470); arbitration: 36, 46, 454-
456, 470-476; good offices and
mediation, 267-275, 472-473;
commissions of inquiry, 277-
288, 474; obligatory, 297-311,
454-456; specific cases, 326-
331; forcible collection of debts,
349-350, 456; Permanent Court,
23, 199, 304-306, 330, 331, 369,
370-387, 474-476; International
Bureau, 379-381, 385-386; Per-
manent Administrative Council,
381-382; arbitral procedure,
Conference of 1907, origin, 3-5;
place of meeting, 8-9; members,
13-16; leaders, 15-16; festivi-
ties and ceremonies, 18-20;
publicity and public opinion,
24-27; organization, 31-32;
commissions and sub-commis-
sions, 32-33; method of work,
33; officers, 33-34; meetings,
40-44; programme, 47-51; re-
sults, 449, 456-464, 477-503;
Third Peace Conference, 500-
503; armaments, 42, 49, 69-75,
315, 456-457; warfare in the
air, 79-82, 236–237, 478; war-
fare on the sea: 479-480; new
arms and methods, 93; sub-
marine mines, 93-100, 480-482;
bombardment, 100-104, 482-
483; merchant ships trans-
formed into cruisers, 104-108,
483-484; Geneva Convention,
116-118, 124-126 (hospital
ships, 116-118; Red Cross offi-
cials and refugees, 124-126);
exemption of private property,
133-141, 458-459; delay of
favor to merchant ships, 141-
144, 484; captured merchant
crews, 144, 485; exemption of
certain ships, 144-146, 485; ex-
emption of mail, 146, 485; neu-
tral rights and duties, 148-166,
459-460, 485-487 (belligerents in
neutral waters, 149-157, 485-
487; blockade, 157-159, 459;
contraband, 160-163, 459-460;
destruction of neutral prizes,
163-166, 460); laws and customs,
166-168, 460-461; warfare on
land: 487; bullets, 187-190, 468;
neutral rights and duties, 201-
213, 487-488; laws and customs
(belligerents, 220-222, 489; pris-
oners of war, 228-232, 489;
means of injuring the enemy,
235-236, 489; bombardment,
236-237, 489; capitulations, 243;
occupation of hostile territory,
256-262, 489-490; opening of
hostilities, 262-266, 488-489);
arbitration: 43, 490-491; good
offices and mediation, 275-277;
commissions of inquiry, 288-
297, 461; obligatory, 311-326,
369, 461-463; specific cases,
331-348; forcible collection of
debts, 350-370, 456, 491–492;
Permanent Court, 387-390; ar-
bitral procedure, 402-409, 492-
493; Court of Arbitral Justice,
410-426, 493-495, 496; Inter-
national Prize Court, 427-448,
480, 495-496.
Corea, 14, 27, 199.
Costa Rica, 14.
Crimean War, 139.
Crowe, Mr. (1907), arbitral pro-
cedure, 406; International Prize
Court, 442-443, 445.
Crozier, Captain W. (1899), arma-
ments, 62, 67-68; warfare in
the air, 77-79, 82, 465; exemp-
tion of private property, 166,
233; explosives, 170, 180; bul-
lets, 185-186, 190; belligerents,
220; occupation of hostile terri-
tory, 247.
Cuba, 138, 222, 230, 232, 237
263-264, 266. See also Busta-
mente.
Davis, General G. B. (1907), bul-
lets, 187, 189; neutral rights
and duties on land, 207-208;
opening of hostilities, 265.
"Deerhound," The, 123.
De Floecker, 356.
Denmark, 49, 87, 91, 93, 138, 171,
175, 255, 261, 311, 319, 339, 422,
425, 447. See also Bille.
Descamps, Chevalier (1899), 13;
occupation of hostile territory,
248-249, 251; good offices and
mediation, 267; special me-
diation, 274; commissions of
inquiry, 282; obligatory arbi-
tration, 300-301, 303, 328;
Permanent Court, 371-375,
376, 476.
Despagnet, 356.
D'Estournelles de Constant. In
1899: 13; address at closing
session, 39; warfare in the air,
76; commissions of inquiry,
279-280, 287; obligatory arbi-
tration, 305, 306; Permanent
Court, 372, 471. In 1907: 15;
Peace Palace resolution, 20, 43;
obligatory arbitration, 322, 325,
342; Court of Arbitral Justice,
Dogger Bank (Hull Fishermen),
292, 296-297, 474, 492.
D'Oliviera, M. (1907), obligatory
arbitration, 334.
Dominican Republic, 97, 108, 138,
263, 319, 363, 368, 369, 370, 425,
461-462.
Drago, Dr. Luis M. (1907), 15;
belligerents in neutral waters,
151; obligatory arbitration, 320,
333, 339, 340-341; forcible col-
lection of debts, 357, 358-364.
Drago Doctrine, 358-367, 370.
Ecuador, 108, 138, 359, 370.
Esteva, M. (1907), International
Prize Court, 444, 445, 446.
Eyschen, M. In 1899: 13; neutral
rights on land, 199-200; com-
missions of inquiry, 285. In
1907: neutral rights on land,
Fish, Hamilton, 356.
Fisher, Admiral (1899), new arms
and methods, 84; explosives,
Foster, John W. (1907), exemp-
tion of private property, 137.
France, 71, 74, 78, 80, 82, 87, 91,
93, 97, 102, 107, 112, 116, 119,
124, 126, 127, 129, 135, 138, 139,
142, 161, 162, 171, 174, 175, 179,
201, 237, 263-265, 288, 292, 295,
296, 334, 345, 349, 369, 370, 408,
411, 438, 442, 460. See also
Amourel, Bourgeois, D'Estour-
nelles, Fromageot, Mounier, Pé-
phau, Renault.
Francis I, 178.
Frederick II, 411.
Fromageot, M. (1907), Perma-
nent Court, 388; arbitral pro-
cedure, 405.
Fry, Sir Edward (1907), 15; ad-
dress at closing session, 44;
armaments, 71-75; asphyxiat-
ing gases, 90; commissions of
inquiry, 289–290, 292, 294;
obligatory arbitration, 314, 323,
334, 339, 342-343, 346, 348;
forcible collection of debts, 367;
arbitral procedure, 405, 406,
409; Court of Arbitral Justice,
417, 420, 424; International
Prize Court, 427, 429, 430, 432-
433, 437, 441, 443, 480.
Fusinato, Professor (1907), com-
missions of inquiry, 292.
Gana, M. (1907), obligatory arbi-
tration, 321-322.
Germany, 176, 342, 377, 417.
German Delegation in 1899, pub-
licity, 22; public opinion, 23-
24; marine cannon, 86; tor-
pedo boats, 91; rams, 93; Red
Cross refugees, 123, 124; mus-
kets, 179; bullets, 182; Geneva
Convention, 191; belligerents,
THE TWO HAGUE CONFERENCES
220; obligatory arbitration, 307;
forcible collection of debts, 349,
350; Permanent Court, 23, 199,
330, 331, 374, 383, 386-387, 455-
See also Münster, Schwarzhoff,
Siegel, Zorn.
German Delegation in 1907, pro-
gramme, 50; armaments, 71;
warfare in the air, 80, 82; sub-
marine mines, 96, 97, 99–100,
481-482; naval bombardment,
102; merchant ships trans-
formed into cruisers, 106, 107;
hospital ships, 116; exemption
of private property, 138; delay
of favor to merchant ships, 141,
142, 143; exemption of mail,
146; belligerents in neutral ports,
152-155; blockade, 135, 159;
contraband, 135, 161, 162, 460;
neutral prizes, 165; neutral
rights and duties on land, 203,
207, 208, 209; belligerents, 220-
221; prisoners of war, 230;
means of injuring the enemy,
235-236; occupation of hostile
territory, 256, 259; opening of
hostilities, 264, 265; special
mediation, 277; obligatory ar-
bitration, 312-313, 323, 325, 334,
335, 338, 345, 463; forcible col-
lection of debts, 369, 370; Per-
manent Court, 389; arbitral
procedure, 403-405, 408; Court
of Arbitral Justice, 421; Inter-
national Prize Court, 40, 427,
438, 442, 445. See also Bieber-
stein, Gündell, Kriege, Siegel.
Gieslingen, Baron von (1907), oc-
cupation of hostile territory, 257,
259.
Gilinsky, Colonel (1899), arma-
ments, 56-60, 62; warfare in the
air, 77, 79; new arms and meth-
ods, 169; explosives, 170, 171;
field guns, 171, 172; muskets,
172-173, 180; bullets, 182;
prisoners of war, 226; spies,
238-239; occupation of hostile
territory, 246, 247, 248.
Gortschakof, Prince, 135.
Greco-Turkish War, 120.
Greece, 49, 80, 93, 138, 159, 175,
237, 280, 282, 283, 284, 290, 296,
323, 325, 334, 338, 339, 345, 363,
422, 425, 447.
Grotius, Hugo, 18, 476, 500.
Guatemala, 108, 138, 359, 360, 370,
425.
Guiana Arbitration, 392.
Gündell, General von (1907), neu-
tral rights and duties on land,
212; belligerents, 221.
Haarlem, 17.
Hagerup, Francis (1907), 16, 34;
International Prize Court, 431,
434, 435, 442, 444-445.
Hague, The, 6-9, 17, 19, 101, 380,
381, 385, 394, 417.
Haiti, 103, 138, 210, 276, 288-289,
348, 368, 369, 419, 420, 425.
Hale, Chandler (1907), 495.
Hall of the Knights (Ridderzaal),
8-9.
Hamilton, Alexander, 356, 359.
Hammarskjöld, M. (1907), Inter-
national Prize Court, 430, 443.
Hay, Secretary, 5, 8, 133, 464, 476.
Heffter, A. W., 356.
Henry IV, 495.
Heuvel, M. van den (1907), naval
bombardment, 103.
Hill, David J. (1907), Fourth of
July Reception, 18; obligatory
arbitration, 326.
Hjulhammar,
Hohenlohe, Chancellor von, 23, 387;
Holls, F. W. (1899), 13; special
mediation, 272-274. 276; com-
missions of inquiry, 277, 286;
obligatory arbitration, 308, 310,
Permanent Court, 372,
329;
376-378, 379, 380, 384, 387, 388;
arbitral procedure, 394, 395,
399, 400, 401, 403.
Honduras, 14.
House in the Woods (Huis ten
Bosch), 7-8, 36, 39.
Howard, Sir Henry (1907), Inter-
national Prize Court, 435, 437,
438, 439.
Hull Fishermen (Dogger Bank),
292, 296-297, 474, 492.
Institute of International Law,
International Peace Bureau, 457.
International Peace Congresses,
I, 457
Interparliamentary Union, 4, 27,
71, 331, 500.
Italy, 43, 71, 80, 86, 91, 92, 94, 106,
132, 134, 138, 145-146, 153, 156,
158, 159, 179, 191, 229, 234, 237,
264, 277, 288, 311, 319, 330, 334,
407, 408, 438, 451-452.
also Fusinato, Nigra, Tornielli,
Zuccari.
Japan, 49, 71, 80, 81, 86, 91, 92,
95, 96, 102, 105, 107, 119, 120,
121, 138, 141, 152, 153, 155, 159,
162, 164, 179, 191, 199, 203, 204,
228-232, 259, 264, 325, 326, 345,
348, 368, 438, 447, 460, 473.
See also Sakomoto, Tsudzuki.
Jomini, Baron, 177.
Journalists. In 1899, 21-23. In
1907, 25-26.
Karnebeek, A. P. C. van (1899),
13; armaments, 60-61, 67; as-
phyxiating gases, 89; muskets,
180; occupation of hostile ter-
ritory, 249-250. Peace Palace
address, 1907, 19-20.
Karnebeek, H. A. van (1907), laws
and customs of naval war, 167-
168.
Khuepach, Lieut. Col. von (1899),
armaments, 62; muskets, 173;
prisoners of war, 227.
Kriege, Dr. (1907), obligatory ar-
bitration, 335-336, 337; Per-
manent Court, 387-388; arbi-
tral procedure, 403, 405, 406;
International Prize Court, 427,
431-433, 435, 437, 438.
Künzli, Colonel (1899), bullets,
181, 182; belligerents, 218.
Kuropatkin, General, 2.
La Barra, M. (1907), forcible col-
lection of debts, 359; Court of
Arbitral Justice, 417.
Lammasch, Professor. In 1899:
prisoners of war, 226; occupa-
tion of hostile territory, 251;
commissions of inquiry, 277;
obligatory arbitration, 303;
Permanent Court, 372, 376, 384.
In 1907: Permanent Court, 389;
arbitral procedure, 404; Inter-
national Prize Court, 445.
"La Pérouse," 145.
Larreta, M. (1907), International
Prize Court, 446.
Lieber, Professor, 215.
Lincoln, President, 214, 377, 401.
Liszt, F. von, 356.
Loeff, M. (1907), arbitral proced-
ure, 406.
London, Treaty of, 200.
Low, Seth (1899), Hugo Grotius
address, 18; arbitral procedure,
395.
Luxemburg, 10, 97, 138, 175,
187, 200, 325, 345, 384. See
also Eyschen.
Macedo, Count (1899), arbitra-
tion, 379..
Mahan, Captain A. T. (1899),
armaments, 68; new naval
arms and methods, 85; marine
cannon, 85, 86; asphyxiating
gases, 88-90; torpedo boats,
91; rams, 92; hospital ships,
112-113, 114, 115, 117; Red
Cross officials, 119; Red Cross
refugees, 123-124; bullets, 186;
Geneva Convention, 192.
Marshall, Chief Justice, 434.
Martens, Professor Fedor
In 1899: 13, 34; exemption
of private property, 127-128;
Geneva Convention, 191, 199;
neutrals on land, 200; laws
|