One division of the First Corps, Cheatham's, was at Bethel and Purdy; a brigade of the Second Corps was at Monterey; the Reserve Corps at Burnsville; the cavalry nearer the Union lines. All other troops concentrated at Corinth."

General Johnston had been depressed by the censure of the Southern press, and as late as March 18 offered to relinquish the command of the army to General Beauregard. Reassured by expressions of confidence by Mr. Davis, he resolved to retain command and, if possible, to regain the confidence of the people by taking the offensive and attacking Grant's army at Pittsburg Landing, hoping to defeat that army before it could be reenforced by General Buell.

Hearing that General Buell was nearing Savannah, General Johnston determined to attack at once, without waiting the arrival of Van Dorn. Accordingly, on the 3d of April he issued orders for the forward movement, directing his army to move by the several roads and concentrate at Mickey's, 8 miles from Pittsburg Landing, so as to be ready to attack at sunrise on the morning of the 5th. Heavy rains, bad roads, and the delays incident to marching large columns with wagon trains and artillery over muddy roads, prevented the assembly of the army at Mickey's until nearly night of the 5th. It was then determined to delay the attack until daylight next morning.

The aggregate present for duty, officers and men of the Confederate Army, infantry, artillery, and cavalry, assembled at Mickey's April 5, 1862, as shown by official reports, was 43,968.'

This army General Johnston put in line of battle and bivouacked Saturday night in the following order: Major General Hardee's corps on the first or advanced line, with Cleburne's brigade on the left, its left flank at Widow Howell's, near Winningham Creek. Wood's brigade next to the right, with his right on the main Pittsburg and Corinth road, and just in rear of the Wood's field. Shaver's brigade on right of Pittsburg and Corinth road, extending the line nearly to Bark road. As Hardee's line thus deployed did not occupy all the space to Lick Creek, as desired, Gladden's brigade from Withers's division of Second Corps was added to Hardee's right, extending the line across Bark road.

Major General Bragg's corps was deployed 800 yards in rear of the first line, with Ruggles's division on the left and Withers's division on the right, in the following order of brigades from left to right: Pond, Anderson, Gibson, Jackson, and Chalmers. This second line overlapped the first and extended beyond Hardee's on both flanks, Jackson's left flank resting on the Bark road.

The corps of Generals Polk and Breckinridge were formed in column by brigades in rear of the second line. Wharton's and Brewer's cavalry were on the left flank, guarding the roads toward_Stantonville. Clanton's cavalry was on the right front, Avery's, Forrest's and Adams's cavalry at Greer's Ford on Lick Creek. Other cavalry organizations were attached to the different corps.

General Johnston's headquarters were established at the forks of the Bark and Pittsburg roads.

Pickets were sent out from the first line. The Third Mississippi, commanded by Major Hardcastle, was on such duty in front of Wood's brigade, his reserve post, at the corner where Wood's and Fraley's fields join.

a See map of Territory between Pittsburg Landing and Corinth.

b Note r.

THE BATTLE.a

During the Confederate advance from Monterey on the 3d there had been skirmishing between the cavalry of the two armies, and on the 4th one of Buckland's picket posts was captured. Buckland sent out two companies in pursuit of the captors. These companies were attacked and surrounded by Confederate cavalry, but were rescued by Buckland coming to their relief with his whole regiment. On Saturday Generals Prentiss and Sherman each sent out reconnoitering parties to the front. Neither of these parties developed the enemy in force, but reported such evidences of cavalry, that pickets of both divisions were doubled, and General Prentiss, being still apprehensive of attack, sent out at 3 o'clock Sunday morning three companies of the Twenty-fifth Missouri, under Major Powell of that regiment, to again reconnoiter well to the front.

Major Powell marched to the right and front, passing between the Rhea and Seay fields, and at 4.55 a. m. struck Hardcastle's pickets and received their fire. The fire was returned by Powell and a sharp engagement was had between these outposts, continuing, as Hardcastle says, one hour and a half, until 6.30 a. m., when he saw his brigade formed in his rear and fell back to his place in line.

Wood's brigade, advancing, drove Powell back to the Seay field, where he was reinforced by four companies of the Sixteenth Wisconsin, that had been on picket near by, and by five companies of the Twenty-first Missouri under Colonel Moore, who at once took command and sent back to camp for the remainder of his regiment.

This force, fighting and retreating slowly, was reenforced at southeast corner of the Rhea field by all of Peabody's brigade. Peabody succeeded in holding the Confederates in check until about 8 o'clock, when he fell back to the line of his camp, closely followed by Shaver's brigade and the right of Wood's brigade.

While Peabody's brigade was thus engaged, General Prentiss had advanced Miller's brigade to the south side of Spain field, and placed Hickenlooper's battery to the left and Munch's battery to the right of the Eastern Corinth road. In this position he was attacked by Gladden's brigade and by the left of Chalmers's brigade, that had advanced to the front line. These Confederate brigades, after a stubborn fight, in which Gladden was mortally wounded, drove Miller back to his line of camps at the same time that Peabody was driven back to his. In their several camps Prentiss formed his regiments again and was vigorously attacked by Gladden's and Shaver's brigades, assisted on their left by a part of Wood's brigade, and on the right by Chalmers.

At 9 o'clock Prentiss was driven from his second position with the loss of the entire division camp, two guns of Hickenlooper's battery, and many killed and wounded left on the field. Among the killed was Colonel Peabody, the commander of the First Brigade of Prentiss's division.

While the right of Hardee's line was engaged with Prentiss his left had attacked the brigades of Hildebrand and Buckland, of Sherman's division. These brigades had formed in line in front of their camps and behind Shiloh Branch, with Barrett's battery at Shiloh Church and Waterhouse's battery to the left, behind the camp of the Fifty

a See maps of first and second days.

third Ohio. The Third Brigade of McClernand's division was brought up and formed in support of Sherman's left flank and of Waterhouse's battery. In the Confederate advance the left of Wood's brigade had been slightly engaged with the Fifty-third Ohio, which easily gave way, when Wood obliqued to the right, to avoid Waterhouse's battery, and, following Prentiss, passed the left flank of Hildebrand's brigade, then left wheeled to the attack of McClernand's Third Brigade. Cleburne's brigade, in attempting to cross the marshy ground of Shiloh Branch, received the concentrated fire of the Third and Fourth brigades of Sherman's division, and after two or three unsuccessful efforts to dislodge them, in which his regiments lost very heavily the Sixth Mississippi having over 70 per cent killed and wounded he was obliged to give place to Anderson's brigade of Bragg's corps, which was in like manner repulsed with severe loss. Johnson's and Russell's brigades of Polk's corps now came up together. Russell on the right, overlapping Sherman's left, and Johnson to the left across the Corinth road. The reoganized parts of the brigades of Cleburne and Anderson joining Russell and Johnson, the four brigades, assisted by Wood's brigade, advanced, and at 10 o'clock drove Sherman's two brigades, and the Third Brigade of McClernand's division back across the Purdy road with the loss of three guns of Waterhouse's battery and of the camps of the three brigades. During the contest Confederate Generals Clark, commanding a division, and Johnson, commanding a brigade, were severely wounded, and Colonel Raith, commanding McClernand's Third Brigade, was mortally wounded. The capture of the three guns of Waterhouse's battery is claimed by the Thirteenth Tennessee of Russell's brigade, and General Polk seems to concede the claim, though it appears that several regiments were attacking the battery from the front when the Thirteenth Tennessee moved by the right flank and approaching the battery from its left rear reached it before those from the front. General Vaughan, of the Thirteenth Tennessee, says that when his regiment reached these a dead Union officer lay near them, and keeping guard over his body was a pointer dog that refused to allow the Confederates to approach the body.

Pond's brigade of Bragg's corps had engaged McDowell's brigade, in conjunction with Anderson's attack on Buckland, and had succeeded in gaining the bridge at McDowell's right flank but had not become seriously engaged when Sherman ordered McDowell to retire and form junction with his Third and Fourth brigades which were then falling back from Shiloh Church. McDowell therefore abandoned his camp to Pond without a contest.

After the capture of Prentiss's camps Chalmers's and Jackson's brigades from Bragg's corps were ordered to the right to attack the extreme left of the Union line. Preceded by Clanton's cavalry these brigades moved by the flank down the Bark road until the head of the column was at the swampy grounds of Lick Creek, then forming line of battle and placing Gage's and Girardey's batteries upon the bluff south of Locust Grove Creek they compelled Stuart, who was without artillery, to leave his camp and form his lines to left and rear in the timber. Here he held Chalmers in a fierce fight until about 2 o'clock when he fell back to the landing, abandoning the last of Sherman's camps. Jackson's attack, as he came across the creek, fell upon McArthur's brigade, consisting of the Ninth and Twelfth Illinois, sup