RULE XIV.

CARDS AND COMMUNICATIONS DURING EXECUTIVE SESSIONS.

No cards, letters, or other communications shall be sent to Senators in the Chamber when the Senate is in executive session, except cards of members of the House of Representatives, calls from the Supreme Court of the United States, letters from Senators' families, official communications and telegrams, unless Senators shall direct the messenger at the main door of the Senate Chamber otherwise.

RULE XV.

SWEEPING, CLEANING.

All sweeping, cleaning, and dusting of the Senate Wing of the Capitol shall be done, as far as practicable, immediately after the adjournment of each day's session of the Senate, and must, in any event, be completed before 8 o'clock a. m.

RULE XVI.

SENATE ANNEX AND OTHER SENATE BUILDINGS.

All provisions of the foregoing rules so far as practicable are made applicable to the building called the Senate Annex, the buildings used for the storage of Senate documents, and the Senate stables.

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STANDING ORDERS NOT EMBRACED IN THE RULES, AND RESOLUTIONS AND SUCH PARTS OF LAWS AS AFFECT THE BUSINESS OF THE SENATE.

THE LAST SESSION OF A CONGRESS EXPIRES AT 12 O'CLOCK MERIDIAN ON THE 4TH DAY OF MARCH.

On the 3d of March, 1851, on which day the Thirty-first Congress expired, and on which the terms of one-third of the members of the Senate would also expire, the Senate being in session at 12 o'clock midnight, a Senator (Mr. Mason, of Virginia) expressed a doubt, believing that his present term of service expired at that hour, whether he could continue to act as a Senator unless he were qualified under his credentials of reelection, and desired that the oath of office be administered to him by the President of the Senate under those credentials. The Senate thereupon passed, by a vote of twenty-seven yeas to eleven nays, the following resolution:

Resolved, That inasmuch as the second session of the Thirty-first Congress does not expire under the Constitution until 12 o'clock on the 4th of March instant, the Honorable James M. Mason, a Senator elect from the State of Virginia, is not entitled to take the oath of office at this time, to wit, on the 4th of March, at I o'clock a. m.

[Sen. Jour., 31st Cong., 2d sess., p. 251.

LIMITATION AS TO LENGTH OF SERVICE AND AGE OF PAGES OF THE SENATE.

Resolved, That it shall be the duty of the Sergeant-at-Arms to classify the pages of the Senate so that at the close of the

present and each succeeding Congress one-half the number shall be removed; and in no case shall a page be appointed younger than 12 years, or remain in office after the age of 16 years, or for a longer time than two Congresses, or four years.

[Sen. Jour., 1st sess. 33d Cong., p. 514; 3d sess. 41st Cong., p. 26.

PAYMENT OF WITNESSES.

Resolved, That the rule for paying witnesses summoned to appear before the Senate or any of its committees shall be as follows: For each day a witness shall attend, the sum of three dollars. For each mile he shall travel in coming to or going from the place of examination, the sum of five cents each way: Provided, That witnesses residing west of the one hundred and tenth meridian shall be paid the sum of seven cents each way for each mile they shall travel in coming to or going from the place of examination, when the place of examination shall be east of the Mississippi River; but nothing shall be paid for traveling when the witness has been summoned at the place of examination.

[Sen. Jour., 2d sess. 44th Cong., p. 51.

SPECIAL DEPUTIES.

Resolved, That the Sergeant-at-Arms of the Senate is authorized and empowered from time to time to appoint such special deputies as he may think necessary to serve process or perform other duties devolved upon the Sergeant-at-Arms by law or the rules or orders of the Senate, or which may hereafter be devolved upon him, and in such case they shall be officers of the Senate; and any act done or return made by the deputies so appointed shall have like effect and be of the same validity as if performed or made by the Sergeant-at-Arms in person.

[Senate Resolution, December 17, 1889.

THE ADMINISTERING OF OATHS TO AND THE EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES BEFORE COMMITTEES OF EITHER HOUSE OF

CONGRESS.

[REVISED STATUTES.]

SEC. 101. The President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, or a chairman of a Committee of the Whole, or of any committee of either House of Congress, is empowered to administer oaths to witnesses in any case under their examination.

SEC. 102. Every person who, having been summoned as a witness by the authority of either House of Congress to give. testimony or to produce papers upon any matter under inquiry before either House, or any committee of either House of Congress, willfully makes default, or who, having appeared, refuses to answer any questions pertinent to the question under inquiry, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars nor less than one hundred dollars, and imprisonment in a common jail for not less than one month nor more than twelve months.

SEC. 103. No witness is privileged to refuse to testify to any fact, or to produce any paper, respecting which he shall be examined by either House of Congress, or by any committee of either House, upon the ground that his testimony to such fact or his production of such paper may tend to disgrace him or otherwise render him infamous.

SEC. 104. Whenever a witness, summond as mentioned in section one hundred and two, fails to testify, and the facts are reported to either House, the President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House, as the case may be, shall certify the fact, under the seal of the Senate or House, to the district attorney