the interaction of social security and private pensions. jnl-mod. 0129 Cardwell, James B.; Conable, (AEI Forum No. 13) Washington, DC, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1977. 43 pp. Social Security Administration, Evaluations of alternative programs for meeting the rising costs of social security programs are presented in the form of an edited transcript of an American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research forum. Topics discussed include whether social security should be a welfare system or an insurance system, and the level of benefits which future retirees should receive. jnl-mod. A negative evaluation of proposed general revenue financing of social security is presented at the 62d Annual Conference on Taxation, sponsored by the National Tax Institute in 1969. It is contended that the regressive payroll tax for social security should be replaced, but that using general revenue funds for this purpose has disadvantages: (1) removing the foundation of self-financing and thus the feeling of earned rights; (2) losing the basis of cost control or the fiscal discipline on budget increases; (3) having to compete with other uses of general revenues; and (4) compelling high-income individuals and corporations to contribute a great deal to a system which is predicated on self-help. pro-gen. 0130 Carroll, John J. Alternative Methods of Financing (University of Michigan, Michigan Governmental Studies, No. 38) Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan, 1960. 187 St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY. Basic problems of compulsory social insurance are examined; the history of the old-age, survivors, and disability insurance program is reviewed; and national policies concerning social security financing are evaluated. Topics discussed include the reserve controversy, net gain/loss patterns of old-age and survivors insurance (OASI) financing in 1956, cost and revenue estimates, projections of gain/loss patterns under alternative financing methods, national income effects of OASI financing, and the incentive effects of OASI financing. jnl-mod. 0132 Chen, Yung-Ping; Chu, Kwang-wen. Total Dependency Burden and Social Security Solvency. In: Stern, J., et al., eds., Proceedings Madison, WI, IRRA, 1977. 362 pp. In a paper read at the 29th Annual Winter Meeting of the Industrial Relations Research Association held in Atlantic City, New Jersey, September 1976, the effects of the growing U.S. elderly population on social security are examined. The large old-age, survivors, and disability insurance trust fund depletion under prospective dependency burdens is documented. It is concluded that the projected changing age composition and old-age dependency ratio do not mean insolvency for social security, but rather a shift in public expenditures from young to old dependents. jnl-mod. 0131 Chen, Yung-Ping. General Revenue Financing for Social (IR Reprint No. 213) Los Angeles, CA, 0133 Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice. Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice: The Proceedings, 1977-1978. Chicago, IL, Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice, 1978. Vol. 27. 551 pp. Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service. References to selected congressional documents, monographs, and journal articles on social security financing in the United States are presented chronologically according to the dates when the Social Security Act was amended or the date of publication, as appropriate. Also included is general literature that is relevant to or influential in the financing process. pro-gen. 0139 Esposito, Louis; Podoff, David. General Revenue Financing of the Social Security System: Proposals Introduced in the U.S. Congress, January 1973 to December 1977. (Social Security Administration, Office University of Massachusetts, Legislation introduced in Congress from 1973 to 1977 to provide general tax revenue financing of the social security system is reviewed. Bills discussed would provide financing of: (1) general social security tax relief; (2) lowincome social security tax relief; (3) benefit increases; and (4) hospital insurance and supplementary medical insurance (Medicare). Detailed descriptions and comparative analyses are provided. aab-mod. 0140 Feldstein, Martin. Facing the Social Security Crisis. 47:88-100, Spring 1977. Funded by National Science Foundation. It is argued that the social security 0142 Feraud, Lucien. From Savings to Assessment Schemes: In: ISSA, Proceedings of the Vth Inter- Geneva, Switzerland, International In a paper presented at the Interna- 0143 Foster, Richard. The Past, Present, and Future of Social In: Social Security Administration, Social Security Administration. In remarks presented at the Dallas Regional Forum on Social Security in a World of Change, Dallas, Texas, September 28-30, 1977, the short- and longterm financing of social security is examined. It is noted that short-range financial problems are the result of inflation, an unexpectedly high unemployment rate, and disability insurance expenditures. Long-term financial problems are attributed to a reduced fertility rate, an anticipated high rate of inflation, and an enlarged aging population. Data on old-age, survivors, and disability insurance expenditures, revenues, projected costs, and replacement ratios are provided. pro-gen. 0146 General Accounting Office. Liberal Deposit Requirements of States' Social Security Contributions Adversely Affected Trust Funds: Report to the Congress of the United States by the Comptroller General. Washington, DC, GAO, HRD-79-14, 1978. 29 pp. It is charged that the social security trust funds could have earned about $1.1 billion in interest since 1961 if States had been required to make more frequent deposits of social security contributions. An additional loss of $1 billion is forecast through 1984 unless changes are made. Pending regulations will not maximize interest income to the trust funds. Semimonthly or biweekly deposits are recommended. jnl-mod. 0144 Friedman, Milton. Three Perspectives on Social Security: In: Boskin, M., ed., The Crisis in San Francisco, CA, Institute for Con- Myths concerning social security contributions, the trust fund, and insurance are examined, and a reduction of the payroll tax and promotion of general revenue financing are discussed. Fiscal conservatism is considered as it relates to the deficit and to Government spending. aab-mod. 0145 General Accounting Office. Financial problems confronting the Federal old-age and survivors insurance and disability insurance trust funds are reviewed. It is concluded that these social security funds face exhaustion in the near future because of increasing benefit levels due to inflation and high levels of unemployment. Projections covering the next 75 years show that the system will also incur a large longrange deficit because of the decreasing fertility rate and the rising cost of pro-gen. living in the United States. 0147 Glanz, Milton P., Social Security Financing. In: Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice, The Proceedings, 1977-1978, pp. 304-326. Chicago, IL, Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice, 1978. Vol. 27. 551 pp Social Security Administration. In a paper presented to the annual meeting of the Conference of Actuaries in Public Practice, 1978, problems of social security financing and legislative measures introduced to deal with them are discussed. Data on old-age and survivors insurance trust fund and disability insurance trust fund estimates made in 1973 and the subsequent actual trust fund balances through 1977 are provided. It is suggested that the short-term financing deficits are a result of high inflation and unemployment and a rapid increase in the disability insurance award rate since 1970. Additional causes of the growing social security deficit are identified, and a summary of recent social security financing legislation is provided. pro-gen. |