1153 Lampman, Robert J. The Low Income Population and Economic Growth. (U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, Study of Employment, Growth, and Price Levels, Study Paper No. 12) Joint Comm. Print, 86th Cong., 1st Sess. (1959). Washington, DC, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1959. 36 pp. • University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. Data on the low-income population in the United States are presented and analyzed to determine progress in overcoming poverty. It was found that in 1957, 19 percent of the population ranked in the low-income category, compared with 26 percent in 1947. Factors in this reduction are identified. Data on lowincome persons are presented relative to race, age, income, family composition, geographic location, educational attainment, employment status, and work experience. The future of the lowincome problem is discussed in relation to economic growth. pro-gen. 1154 Lerman, Robert I. A Reappraisal of Negative Income Tax and Employment-Subsidy Approaches to Reforming Welfare. (Discussion Paper No. 382-76) Madison, WI, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin, 1976. 14 pp. Funded by DHEW. Negative income tax (NIT) and employment subsidy approaches to welfare reform are assessed. It is noted that the NIT has become less attractive as unemployment and inflation remain high. The trend toward public jobs and wagesubsidy programs is described, and a specific jobs and income plan that would overcome the difficulties of both NIT and subsidy strategies is outlined. jnl-mod. 1155 Levine, Robert A. The Poor Ye Need Not Have with You: Lessons from the War on Poverty. Cambridge, MA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 1970. 262 pp. Funded by Ford Foundation. An evaluation of the war on poverty credits its programs with substantial success in reducing low-income poverty and equalizing opportunity. Specific programs in the areas of community action, manpower, education, health, housing, and income maintenance are evaluated, and criteria are drawn for future directions. Antipoverty proposals of the Nixon administration are assessed. jnl-mod. 1156 Levitan, Sar A. The Design of Federal Antipoverty (Policy Papers in Human Resources and George Washington University, The development and objectives of Federal antipoverty strategies are examined with an emphasis on the Economic Opportunity Act, which heralded the war on poverty. The development of cash assistance, services, goods, and rehabilitation programs is discussed. Poverty policy in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations and in the Congress is analyzed. A legislative history of the act is presented. pro-gen. 1157 Levitan, Sar A. Programs in Aid of the Poor for the 1970s. (Policy Studies in Employment and Welfare, No. 1) Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, Rev. Ed., 1973. 146 pp. Funded by Ford Foundation. Center for Manpower Policy Studies, A revised edition of a study published 1158 Levy, Frank. The Harried Staffer's Guide to Current Welfare Reform Proposals. (Welfare Reform Policy Analysis Series, No. 4) Washington, DC, Urban Institute, 1978. 83 pp. Four welfare reform proposals are compared: President Carter's Program for Better Jobs and Income; H.R. 10950, submitted by the House Subcommittee on Welfare Reform; the Welfare Reform Act of 1978; and the Job Opportunities and Family Security program. They are compared in terms of provisions, structural details, and levels of resources involved. Summary tables tabulate costs, benefits, work disincentives, earned income tax credit provisions, job creation, and administration. pro-gen. 1159 Lynn, Laurence E., Jr. A Decade of Policy Developments in the In: Haveman, R., ed., A Decade of Fed- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Policy developments in the incomemaintenance system between 1964 and 1974 are discussed in a paper presented at a 1974 conference of the Institute for Research on Poverty. Following a review of the evolution of the incomemaintenance system up to 1964, the paper traces the development of programs in the ensuing 10 years, examines the effectiveness of income-maintenance in reducing poverty, and reviews major issues that must be faced in the light of recent experience with income maintenance policy and programs. aab-mod. 1160 Mahoney, W. Michael. The Challenge of Income Maintenance. In: National Conference on Social Welfare, Social Welfare Forum, 1975, pp. 50-67. New York, NY, Columbia University Press, 1976. 252 pp. • Social Security Administration. In a presentation to the 102d Annual Forum of the National Conference on 1163 Marshall, Ray. The New Administration's Program for the Poor. In: Social Welfare Forum, 1977, pp. New York, NY, Columbia University Department of Labor, Office of the At the 104th Annual Forum of the 1168 Meyer, Charles W. A Base for the Negative Income Tax. Funded by Ford Foundation and Institute for Research on Poverty. Iowa State University, Ames, IA. Negative income tax (NIT) is supported as a measure to provide adequate income for low-income families without unduly discouraging recipients from working. It is noted that the payment structure would combine basic allowances high enough to provide families at least a poverty-level income with a rate of allowance reduction well below 100 percent. Computation of assets and money income in the transfer formula to help finance NIT is discussed. It is suggested that this would increase costs of administration and compliance but would have only a limited effect on the number of eligible families. jnl-mod. provement of computed family rankings of relative economic welfare. Generally, papers are concerned with an appropriate index of economic status and ways to achieve and maintain horizontal equity. Topics include an economic definition of poverty; an income net worth approach to measuring economic welfare; variability of family income; economic welfare of the aged and lowincome families; and income distribution. jnl-mod. 1171 Moynihan, Daniel P. The Crises in Welfare. Public Interest, 7:3-29, Winter 1968. Crises in the American welfare system are identified, and a strategy of income equalization is proposed to fight them. Problems discussed include the uneven distribution across welfare categories of the rising incidence of dependency; the social and economic costs of sweeping reform; the lack of legislative action; and the fact that present proposals for change would enlarge rather than reduce the welfare rolls. A family allowance system is proposed. pro-gen. 1172 Moynihan, Daniel Patrick. New York, NY, Random House, 1973. An account of the proposal and fate of the Nixon administration's Family Assistance Plan (FAP) is presented, and the FAP is discussed in the context of the politics of income maintenance. Issues discussed include the problem of dependency, alternative plans open to the administration, public responses, passage in the House of Representatives, and defeat in the Senate. jnl-mod. 1173 Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development. Negative Income Tax: An Approach to the Co-Ordination of Taxation and Social Welfare Policies. Paris, France, Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development, 1974. 56 pp. |