Greening the GATT: Trade, Environment, and the FutureInstitute for International Economics, 1994 - 319 pages There is growing consensus that new international rules and principles are needed to reconcile conflicts, and promote complementarities, between trade and environmental goals. The issue is especially acute for very poor countries striving for rapid economic growth. Esty, a former Environmental Protection Agency official with extensive experience in trade and environmental negotiations, examines the vital connections between trade, environment and development. He argues that current international trade rules and institutions must be significantly reformed to address environmental concerns while still promoting economic growth and development. Esty offers new international rules and principles to help make trade and environmental policies work together to better achieve sustainable economic progress. He concludes with recommendations for a Global Environmental Organization (GEO) to promote simultaneous achievement of trade environmental goals. |
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Page 115
... question and whose use of trade measures in support of its environmental policy has been challenged . Finally , an " unjustified disruption to trade ' ' inquiry should be used to judge whether the trade restriction or sanction employed ...
... question and whose use of trade measures in support of its environmental policy has been challenged . Finally , an " unjustified disruption to trade ' ' inquiry should be used to judge whether the trade restriction or sanction employed ...
Page 151
... question of whether the penalties imposed were clearly disproportional to the environmental harm . The broader ques- tion of whether the United States was entitled to apply environmental trade measures in the first place would not be ...
... question of whether the penalties imposed were clearly disproportional to the environmental harm . The broader ques- tion of whether the United States was entitled to apply environmental trade measures in the first place would not be ...
Page 156
... Question The critical question in deciding whether low environmental standards on the part of a trade competitor raise competitiveness concerns serious enough to justify a GATT - endorsed policy intervention must be : why are the ...
... Question The critical question in deciding whether low environmental standards on the part of a trade competitor raise competitiveness concerns serious enough to justify a GATT - endorsed policy intervention must be : why are the ...
Contents
Origins of the Trade and Environment Conflict | 1 |
Conflict or Convergence | 35 |
Making Trade Work for the Environment | 65 |
Copyright | |
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argues Article XX benefits border tax adjustments CFCs Charnovitz climate change cooperation Court decision developing countries DIEGO dispute settlement dolphin domestic Earth Summit ecoduties ecolabeling ecological economic effect efforts emissions ensure envi environmental agreements environmental costs environmental goals environmental harms environmental injury environmental issues environmental policies environmental policymaking environmental problems environmental programs environmental protection environmental regulations environmental standards environmental trade measures environmentalists established European example export foreign free traders fund GATT GATT Article GATT parties GATT rules GATT's Global Environment Facility global environmental important industry interests ISBN paper legitimacy legitimate ment mental Montreal Protocol multilateral NAFTA OECD Organization panel political polluter pays principle pollution control regulatory requirements ronmental Specifically spillovers subsidies sustainable development tariffs tion tional trade actions trade and environment trade and environmental trade liberalization trade regime trade restrictions tuna tuna-dolphin United Uruguay Round waste World Trade Organization