Greening the GATT: Trade, Environment, and the FutureInstitute for International Economics, 1994 - 319 pages There is growing consensus that new international rules and principles are needed to reconcile conflicts, and promote complementarities, between trade and environmental goals. The issue is especially acute for very poor countries striving for rapid economic growth. Esty, a former Environmental Protection Agency official with extensive experience in trade and environmental negotiations, examines the vital connections between trade, environment and development. He argues that current international trade rules and institutions must be significantly reformed to address environmental concerns while still promoting economic growth and development. Esty offers new international rules and principles to help make trade and environmental policies work together to better achieve sustainable economic progress. He concludes with recommendations for a Global Environmental Organization (GEO) to promote simultaneous achievement of trade environmental goals. |
From inside the book
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Page 85
... benefits ( including the discounted present value of future environmental resources that would otherwise be lost ) exceed the costs from a global perspective . Unfor- tunately , funding decisions are largely made at the national level ...
... benefits ( including the discounted present value of future environmental resources that would otherwise be lost ) exceed the costs from a global perspective . Unfor- tunately , funding decisions are largely made at the national level ...
Page 128
... benefits.33 This test should be applied with the greatest deference when the harm in question is local to the jurisdiction whose environmental policies are under review.34 Thus , the judgment about how to approach local environmental ...
... benefits.33 This test should be applied with the greatest deference when the harm in question is local to the jurisdiction whose environmental policies are under review.34 Thus , the judgment about how to approach local environmental ...
Page 129
... benefit or proportionality requirement , it is not only reasonable but essential to long - term environmental progress to screen for poorly con- ceived policies that yield benefits completely out of proportion to their negative impact ...
... benefit or proportionality requirement , it is not only reasonable but essential to long - term environmental progress to screen for poorly con- ceived policies that yield benefits completely out of proportion to their negative impact ...
Contents
Origins of the Trade and Environment Conflict | 1 |
Conflict or Convergence | 35 |
Making Trade Work for the Environment | 65 |
Copyright | |
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argues Article XX benefits border tax adjustments CFCs Charnovitz climate change cooperation Court decision developing countries DIEGO dispute settlement dolphin domestic Earth Summit ecoduties ecolabeling ecological economic effect efforts emissions ensure envi environmental agreements environmental costs environmental goals environmental harms environmental injury environmental issues environmental policies environmental policymaking environmental problems environmental programs environmental protection environmental regulations environmental standards environmental trade measures environmentalists established European example export foreign free traders fund GATT GATT Article GATT parties GATT rules GATT's Global Environment Facility global environmental important industry interests ISBN paper legitimacy legitimate ment mental Montreal Protocol multilateral NAFTA OECD Organization panel political polluter pays principle pollution control regulatory requirements ronmental Specifically spillovers subsidies sustainable development tariffs tion tional trade actions trade and environment trade and environmental trade liberalization trade regime trade restrictions tuna tuna-dolphin United Uruguay Round waste World Trade Organization