bia, records, information, services, personnel, offices, and equipment as may be available and which are necessary to enable the Board of Higher Education properly to perform its functions.

SEC. 4. (a) The Board of Higher Education shall, at such time as may be mutually agreed upon by the Board and the Board of Education, merge the District of Columbia Teachers' College (established pursuant to the Act of February 25, 1929 (45 Stat. 1276; D.C. Code, sec. 31-118)) into the public college of arts and sciences. At the time of such merger, all personnel, property, records, and unexpended balances of appropriations, allocations, and other funds available to, or to be made available to, such Teachers' College shall be transferred to, and shall be under the control of, the Board of Higher Education.

(b) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the laboratory schools in the District of Columbia shall remain under the control and management of, and the employees assigned to such schools shall remain subject to the supervision of, the Board of Education.

SEC. 5. (a) The Board of Higher Education is hereby vested with the following powers:

(1) To prepare plans for the establishment of a public college of arts and sciences (including the selection of a site), and, subject to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, to establish, organize, and administer such college;

(2) To prepare plans for the establishment of a public community college (including the selection of a site), and, subject to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, to establish, organize, and administer such college;

(3) To fix, from time to time, tutition and fees to be paid by residents and nonresidents attending any such college, which tuition and fees shall be deposited to the credit of the general revenues of the District of Columbia. Tuition and fees charged nonresidents shall be fixed in such amounts as will, to the extent feasible, approximate the cost to the District of Columbia of the services for which such charges are imposed;

(4) To appoint, for a term of four years, a president for the public college oforts and sciences and a president for the public community college;

(5) To appoint, promote, demote, transfer, suspend, or dismiss such administrative, educational, or noneducational employees of any college established pursuant to this Act as the president thereof may recommend in writing:

(6) To accredit junior colleges operating in the District of Columbia; (7) To award appropriate degrees and certificates of completion of courses of study in the colleges established pursuant to this Act; and

(8) To make such rules and regulations as the Board deems necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.

(b) No action shall be taken with respect to the actual establishment (including the acquisition of a site) of any college authorized under this Act prior to the expiration of ninety calendar days (which ninety days shall not include days on which either the Senate or the House of Representatives is not in session because of an adjournment of more than three calendar days to a day certain) after the plans (including plans for the selection of a site) for such college have been submitted to the Congress.

(c) The Board of Higher Education shall annually on the first day of October transmit to the Commissioners of the District of Columbia an estimate in detail of the amount of money required for the colleges established pursuant to this Act for the ensuing year, and the Commissioners shall transmit the same in their annual estimate of appropriations for the District of Columbia, with such recommendations as they may deem proper.

SEC. 6. All obligations and disbursements for the purposes of this Act shall be incurred, made, and accounted for in the same manner as other obligations and disbursements for the District of Columbia.

SEC. 7. (a) Subchapter 1 of chapter 18 of the Act of March 3, 1901 (31 Stat. 1280), as amended (D.C. Code, sec. 29-401-29-419), is amended (1) by striking out "Board of Education" wherever it appears in such subchapter and by inserting in lieu thereof "Board of Higher Education", and (2) by adding at the end thereof the following new section:

"SEC. 586g. As used in this subchapter, the term 'Board of Higher Education' means the Board of Higher Education established pursuant to the District of Columbia Public Higher Education Act."

(b) Nothing contained in the amendment made by this section shall be construed as affecting the validity of any license issued by the Board of Education prior to the date of the enactment of this Act.

[H.R. 4763, 89th Cong., 1st sess.]

A BILL To authorize the establishment of a Junior College Division within the District of Columbia Teachers College, and for other purposes

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Board of Education of the District of Columbia is hereby authorized to establish a Junior College Division within the District of Columbia Teachers College which shall offer (1) a two-year program leading to the degree of associate in arts, which degree is hereby authorized to be granted upon certification by the president and faculty of the District of Columbia Teachers College that all requirements for the granting of such degree have been met, and (2) technical and vocational courses at the college level, for which certificates of completion may be granted.

SEC. 2. (a) The Board of Education of the District of Columbia, with the approval of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, is authorized to establish and determine, from time to time, tuition rates for students at the District of Columbia Teachers College, including the Junior College Division thereof: Provided, That all moneys received for tuition payments shall be deposited in the Treasury to the credit of the general revenues of the District of Columbia.

(b) The Board of Education of the District of Columbia, with the approval of the Commissioners of the District of Columbia, is hereby authorized to establish, and determine, from time to time, fees to be paid by students at the District of Columbia Teachers College, including the Junior College Division thereof, and receipts from such fees shall be deposited into a revolving fund to be known as "District of Columbia Teachers College student fund” in a private depository in the District of Columbia, which fund shall be available, without fiscal year limitation, for such purposes as the Board of Education of the District of Columbia shall approve, and the Board of Education is authorized, with the approval of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia, to make all necessary rules concerning deposits into, and withdrawals from, such fund.

SEC. 3. The Board of Education of the District of Columbia is authorized to promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act.

SEC. 4. This Act shall take effect the first day of July following its approval. Mr. DOWDY. Mr. Nelsen, a member of this subcommittee who has one of the bills before us, is here and desires to make a statement.

STATEMENT OF HON. ANCHER NELSEN, REPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS FROM THE STATE OF MINNESOTA

Mr. NELSEN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I have a prepared statement which I shall submit for the record, but I want to make a comment or two. I have a very difficult conflict of committee assignments this morning. There is another committee to which I must go in a few minutes, but I shall try to get back very soon.

It is my feeling that the District of Columbia should be the showcase of the Nation insofar as necessary, needed and justified educational facilities are concerned. In my judgment, there are gaps which should be filled. I feel that this hearing is a move in that direction.

I have repeatedly stated that I am not sure the mechanics of my bill, H. R. 16958, are as they should be because I am not an expert in this field, but it is a start. If there are changes which need to be made in the language of the bill and the way it is drafted, I certainly would want to hear from those who are experts.

I am particularly interested in vocational education, with the idea in mind that many young men and young women of the District of Columbia might have particular aptitudes which if developed would enable them to hold good jobs.

I think that the future of any individual lies in his ability to make a reasonable living, to be skilled in a craft of some kind, and it does not much matter whether he is a good typographer, a good farmer or a good businessman. We all have different abilities; that is one of the reasons I was so interested in vocational education, because I believe this is a fertile field which could develop greater skills and equip people to hold better jobs with pride.

Mr. Chairman, I shall submit my prepared statement for the record. (Mr. Nelsen's statement follows:)

STATEMENT OF HON. ANCHER NELSEN RELATIVE TO H.R. 16958, A BILL TO AUTHORIZE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PUBLIC 4-YEAR ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE AND A 2-YEAR COMMUNITY AND VOCATIONAL COLLEGE IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Mr. Chairman, I have long been preoccupied with the general need for improved education be it in Minnesota, Oklahoma or the District of Columbia. My interest in upgrading the education of our children ranges from the need for quality grade schools to greatly improved college facilities no matter where the location. This is where America's greatest asset, our children, are trained, tempered and, hopefullymatured.

Inasmuch as I have been a member of this Committee for approximately 8 years, I have become intimately acquainted with the specific needs of the schoolchildren of the District. This is not to imply any general neglect, but, there are certain areas that most assuredly need overhauling, supplementing, and origination.

Two specific educational areas here in the District have held my attention; they are (1) the need for vastly expanded vocational training facilities both secondary and postsecondary, and (2) the absolute need for a public 4 year District of Columbia College. The needs in both these areas cry out for immediate attention.

Back in the spring of this year, your Committee heard a full report on D.C.'s Vocational facilities by the Committee's vocational education consultant, Dr. Duane Lund. Dr. Lund's concise and illuminating report cut right to the core of the matter: there simply is not enough room available for the number of students who have both the aptitude and the desire to take vocational training. Following Dr. Lund's exposition, your Committee appeared to be of a mind that an immediate emphasis should be put on greatly expanding the vocational program. According to Dr. Lund:

"The Washington schools have just barely scratched the surface of post-highschool vocational education-again, because of lack of shops and classrooms. It is proper that the needs of the high-school-age students be met first; if not, they will quit school. However, thousands of Washington young people who have finished high school or who have dropped out in recent years want and need vocational education, but cannot receive it until classrooms and shops have been provided."

As it is all too many students who have the desire for vocational training but shy away from purely academic subjects become dropouts due to the inability of the District schools to admit them to the District's severely limited vocational program because of the lack of space.

Here we are fighting a so-called war on poverty. The reasons for poverty are many but I'd wager that one of the prime reasons is the lack of trained expertise on the part of the individual to enter into our vastly competitive society. Such preparedness is largely the responsibility of the schools; but if there are no schools, what happens next? Welfare? Crime? Loitering? Apathy?

The same arguments can be quoted in support of the creation of a public college. But here, the largest bar to college training is simply economics; the poorer element of our District citizenry simply cannot afford the expense of sending their children to a private college on top of scraping to make ends meet. Each of the 50 states has a public college for its taxpayers; some have several. The District has none-not one. Sure, there are fine private universities in the area but they might as well be in Timbuctoo as far as the folks on the lower economic rung are concerned.

Now to the specific hearing at hand. I have introduced one of the bills before us today, H.R. 16598. This bill would, in essence, create both a public 4-year academic college and a public 2-year community-vocational college. In brief,

H.R. 16958 creates a D.C. Board of Higher Education, which would plan, establish, and govern both the 4-year college and the 2-year community-vocational college. The Board of Higher Education would consist of 9 members appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.

The 4-year arts and sciences college would be designed initially for 2,000 students and would point toward the award of a Bachelor's degree. Graduate degrees could also be awarded.

The 2-year community-vocational college would likewise be designed initially for 2,000 students and could award an Associate in Arts degree; but primarily it would be oriented toward vocational training, that is, the training of skilled technicians and semi-professionals.

The arts and sciences college would absorb the present D.C. Teacher's College. Both colleges would be tuition-free to legal residents; outsiders would be required to pay tuition based on cost.

The bill would authorize all necessary appropriations to carry out the act; furthermore, $20 million in additional D.Č. borrowing authority would be authorized for construction purposes.

The cost estimates (prepared by the U.S. Office of Education) are: the 4-year college: $10 million; the 2-year college: $8 million.

The bill would substantially agree with the recommendations made by the President's Committee on Public Higher Education in its report of June, 1964.

As you can see, the projects envisioned by this specific bill are aimed at the postsecondary or college-age students which Dr. Lund alluded to though he concentrated mainly on highschool needs. Both groups are in dire need of facilities but this bill, H.R. 16958, covers only the postsecondary group.

With regard to the highschool needs, the vocational education building complex as proposed by Dr. Lund and others needs no authorization-just appropriation. But authorization is necessary for the 2 colleges envisioned by my bill. The District will be entitled to many Federal dollars once these colleges are authorized in much the same manner as any other state college or university.

While I am not wed to every detail of my bill, the essence is the "idea" itself. I will be perfectly amenable to any changes or amendments which will bring the idea to proper fruition. Time is of the essence if we are to get this idea enacted into law this session of Congress. The Senate Committee has already reported out a bill very much similar to mine and it is my understanding that the entire Senate will move shortly to consider that bill. The differences between the two bills should not be difficult to reconcile.

Mr. DowDY. The next group of witnesses will be Commissioner John Duncan and his associates.

Mr. Duncan, you might introduce those you have with you.

STATEMENT OF HON. JOHN B. DUNCAN, FOR THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

Commissioner DUNCAN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I have with me Mr. Schuyler Lowe, Director, Department of General Administration; Mr. Thomas F. Moyer, Office of the Corporation Counsel; and Mr. Denver W. Warnock, Assistant Management Officer, who might, if necessary, assist me here this morning.

Initially I would like to express my thanks for this opportunity to present the views of the Commissioners concerning these bills relating to the establishment of public higher education in the District of Columbia.

The Commissioners submitted reports respecting H.R. 7395, dated June 10, 1965; H.R. 4761, dated May 18, 1965; and H.R. 4763, dated June 15, 1965. In these reports, the Commissioners supported H.R. 7395, the administration's Public Higher Education bill, in preference to H.R. 4761 or H.R. 4763.

Mr. DOWDY. The reports of the Commissioners will be inserted at this point in the record.

(The reports referred to follow:)

I think that the future of any individual lies in his ability to make a reasonable living, to be skilled in a craft of some kind, and it does not much matter whether he is a good typographer, a good farmer or a good businessman. We all have different abilities; that is one of the reasons I was so interested in vocational education, because I believe this is a fertile field which could develop greater skills and equip people to hold better jobs with pride.

Mr. Chairman, I shall submit my prepared statement for the record. (Mr. Nelsen's statement follows:)

STATEMENT OF HON. ANCHER NELSEN RELATIVE TO H.R. 16958, a BILL TO AUTHORIZE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A PUBLIC 4-YEAR ARTS AND SCIENCE COLLEGE AND A 2-YEAR COMMUNITY AND VOCATIONAL College in the District OF COLUMBIA

Mr. Chairman, I have long been preoccupied with the general need for improved education be it in Minnesota, Oklahoma or the District of Columbia. My interest in upgrading the education of our children ranges from the need for quality grade schools to greatly improved college facilities no matter where the location. This is where America's greatest asset, our children, are trained, tempered and, hopefullymatured.

Inasmuch as I have been a member of this Committee for approximately 8 years, I have become intimately acquainted with the specific needs of the schoolchildren of the District. This is not to imply any general neglect, but, there are certain areas that most assuredly need overhauling, supplementing, and origination.

Two specific educational areas here in the District have held my attention; they are (1) the need for vastly expanded vocational training facilities-both secondary and postsecondary, and (2) the absolute need for a public 4 year District of Columbia College. The needs in both these areas cry out for immediate attention.

Back in the spring of this year, your Committee heard a full report on D.C.'s vocational facilities by the Committee's vocational education consultant, Dr. Duane Lund. Dr. Lund's concise and illuminating report cut right to the core of the matter: there simply is not enough room available for the number of students who have both the aptitude and the desire to take vocational training. Following Dr. Lund's exposition, your Committee appeared to be of a mind that an immediate emphasis should be put on greatly expanding the vocational program. According to Dr. Lund:

"The Washington schools have just barely scratched the surface of post-highschool vocational education-again, because of lack of shops and classrooms. It is proper that the needs of the high-school-age students be met first; if not, they will quit school. However, thousands of Washington young people who have finished high school or who have dropped out in recent years want and need vocational education, but cannot receive it until classrooms and shops have been provided.'

As it is all too many students who have the desire for vocational training but shy away from purely academic subjects become dropouts due to the inability of the District schools to admit them to the District's severely limited vocational program because of the lack of space.

Here we are fighting a so-called war on poverty. The reasons for poverty are many but I'd wager that one of the prime reasons is the lack of trained expertise on the part of the individual to enter into our vastly competitive society. Such preparedness is largely the responsibility of the schools; but if there are no schools, what happens next? Welfare? Crime? Loitering? Apathy?

The same arguments can be quoted in support of the creation of a public college. But here, the largest bar to college training is simply economics; the poorer element of our District citizenry simply cannot afford the expense of sending their children to a private college on top of scraping to make ends meet. Each of the 50 states has a public college for its taxpayers; some have several. The District has none-not one. Sure, there are fine private universities in the arca but they might as well be in Timbuctoo as far as the folks on the lower economic rung are concerned.

Now to the specific hearing at hand.

I have introduced one of the bills before

us today, H.R. 16598. This bill would, in essence, create both a public 4-year academic college and a public 2-year community-vocational college. In brief,