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lease. Such alterations shall not, however, exceed the limitations of the Economy Act (40 U.S.C. 278(a)) except as otherwise provided by law.

(c) Occupant agencies are not authorized to negotiate with lessors or to place orders for alterations or building services, except where such authority has been specifically delegated by GSA, and except as provided in §101-20.106-2 regarding reimbursable services.

§ 101-20.003 Definitions.

(a) Alteration means remodeling, improving, extending, or making other changes to a facility, exclusive of maintenance repairs which are preventive in nature. The term includes planning, engineering, architectural work, and other similar actions.

(b) Blanket work authorization means an open-end agreement with an agency with an agreed upon maximum dollar ceiling where there is an on-going account for processing small requests for reimbursable services. The need for the service is clearly recognized, but exactly when the service must be rendered during the fiscal year is unclear.

(c) Carpool means a group of two or more people regularly using a motor vehicle for transportation to and from work on a continuing basis, regardless of their relationship to each other. The number of persons in a carpool will normally be the basis for priority of assignments.

(d) Commercial activities, within the meaning of subpart 101–20.4, are activities undertaken for the primary purpose of producing a profit for the benefit of an individual or organization organized for profit. (Activities where commercial aspects are incidental to the primary purpose of expression of ideas or advocacy of causes are not "commercial activities" for purposes of these regulations.)

(e) Crime prevention assessments are formal, on-site reviews which consist of a detailed survey, review, and analysis of an occupant agency's vulnerability to criminal activity. In addition to the normal process of a physical security survey, it involves an intensive review of an occupant's and/or building's operation and administrative procedures. It is designed to identify specific weaknesses and to recommend cost-effec

tive, positive steps to Federal managers in dealing with criminal threats and occurrences.

(f) Cultural activities include, but are not limited to, films dramatics dances, and musical presentations, and fine art exhibits, whether or not these activities are intended to make a profit.

(g) The Designated Official is the highest ranking official of the primary occupant agency of a Federal facility; or, alternatively, a designee selected by mutual agreement of occupant agency officials.

(h) Educational activities mean activities such as (but not limited to) the operation of schools, libraries, day care centers, laboratories, and lecture or demonstration facilities.

(i) The term emergency includes bombings and bomb threats, civil disturbances, fires, explosions, electrical failures, loss of water pressure, chemical and gas leaks, medical emergencies, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, and earthquakes. The term does not apply to civil defense matters such as potential or actual enemy attacks. Note: Civil defense emergencies are addressed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

(j) Executive means a Government employee with management responsibilities which, in the judgment of the employing agency head or his/her designee, require preferential assignment of parking privileges.

(k) Flame-resistant means meeting performance standards as described by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA Standard No. 701). Fabrics labeled with the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. classification marking for flammability are deemed to be flameresistant for purposes of this regulation.

(1) Foot-candle is the illumination on a surface one square foot in area on which there is a uniformly distributed flux of one lumen, or the illuminance produced on a surface all points of which are at a distance of one foot from a directionally uniform point source of one candela.

(m) GSA Regional Officer, within the meaning of subpart 101-20.4, means the regional director of the Buildings Management Division of GSA designated to supervise the implementation of the

Public Buildings Cooperative Use Act's occasional use provisions.

(n) Handicapped employee means an employee who has a severe, permanent impairment which for all practical purposes precludes the use of public transportation, or an employee who is unable to operate a car as a result of permanent impairment who is driven to work by another. Priority may require certification by an agency medical unit, including the Veterans Administration or the Public Health Service.

(0) Indefinite quantity contract (commonly referred to as "term contract") provides for the furnishing of an indefinite quantity, within stated limits, of specific property or services during a specified contract period, with deliveries to be scheduled by the timely placement of orders upon the contractor by activities designated either specifically or by class.

(p) Life cycle cost is the total cost of owning, operating, and maintaining a building over its useful life, including its fuel and energy costs, determined on the basis of a systematic evaluation and comparison of alternative building systems; except that in the case of leased buildings, the life cycle cost shall be calculated over the effective remaining term of the lease.

(q) Limited combustible means rigid materials or assemblies which have fire hazard ratings not exceeding 25 for flame spread and 150 for smoke development when tested in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials, Test E 84, Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials.

(r) Maintenance means preservation by inspection, adjustment, lubrication, cleaning, and the making of minor repairs. Ordinary maintenance means routine recurring work which is incidental to everyday operations; preventive maintenance means work programmed at scheduled intervals.

(s) The term nationally recognized standards encompasses any standard or modification thereof which:

(1) Has been adopted and promulgated by a nationally recognized standards-producing organization under procedures whereby those interested and affected by it have reached substantial agreement on its adoption, or

(2) Was formulated through consultation by appropriate Federal agencies in a manner which afforded an opportunity for diverse views to be considered.

(t) Normally furnished commercially means in conformance with the level of services provided by a commercial building operator for space of comparable quality, housing tenants with comparable requirements. Service levels are based on the effort required to service space for a five-day week, one eight-hour shift schedule.

(u) Occupant agency means an organization which is assigned space in a facility under GSA's custody and control through the formal procedures outlined in part 101-17 of the Federal Property Management Regulations.

(v) Occupancy Emergency Organization means the emergency response organization comprised of employees of Federal agencies designated to perform the requirements established by the Occupant Emergency Plan.

(w) Occupant Emergency Plan means procedures developed to protect life and property in a specific Federally-occupied space under stipulated emergency conditions.

(x) Occupant Emergency Program means a short-term emergency response program. It establishes procedures for safeguarding lives and property during emergencies in particular facilities.

(y) Postal vehicle means a Government-owned vehicle used for the transportation of mail, or a privately owned vehicle used under contract for the transportation of mail.

(z) Public area means any area of a building under the control and custody of GSA which is ordinarily open to members of the public, including lobbies, courtyards, auditoriums, meeting rooms, and other such areas not assigned to a lessee or occupant agency.

(aa) Recognized labor organization means a labor organization recognized under title VII of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-454) governing labor-management relations.

(bb) Recreational activities include, but are not limited to, the operations of gymnasiums and related facilities.

(cc) Ridesharing means the sharing of the commute to and from work by two

or more people, on a continuing basis, regardless of their relationship to each other, in any mode of transportation including, but not limited to, carpools, vanpools, buspools and mass transit.

(dd) Special space alterations are those alterations required by occupant agencies that are beyond those standard alterations provided by GSA under the SLUC system and are reimbursable from the requesting agency.

(ee) State means the fifty States, political subdivisions thereof, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealths of Puerto Rico and Guam, and the territories and possessions of the United States.

(ff) Unit price agreement provides for the furnishing of an indefinite quantity, within stated limits, of specific property or services at a specified price, during a specified contract period, with deliveries to be scheduled by the timely placement of orders upon the lessor by activities designated either specifically or by class.

(gg) Unusual hours means work hours that are frequently required to be varied and do not coincide with any regular work schedule. This category includes individuals who regularly or frequently work significantly more than 8 hours per day. Unusual hours does not include shift workers, those on alternate work schedules, and those granted exceptions to the normal work schedule (e.g., flex-time).

(hh) Vanpool means a group of at least 8 persons using a passenger van or a commuter bus designed to carry 10 or more passengers. Such a vehicle must be used for transportation to and from work in a single daily round trip. The number of persons in a vanpool will normally be the basis for priority of assignments.

(ii) Zonal allocations means the allocation of parking spaces on the basis of zones established by GSA in conjunction with occupant agencies. In metropolitan areas where this method is used, all agencies located in a designated zone will compete for available parking in accordance with instructions issued by GSA. In establishing this procedure, GSA will consult with all affected agencies.

Subpart 101-20.1-Building Operations, Maintenance, Protection, and Alterations

§ 101-20.101 Building systems.

(a) Structural features and mechanical and electrical systems in GSA-assigned space shall be adequate for the needs of occupant agencies. Such systems will comply with applicable GSA fire safety criteria and with standards prescribed under the Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA). GSA will take all measures necessary to comply with energy conservation objectives as promulgated by relevant statutes, regulations, and executive orders.

(b) No modification shall be made to buildings, or equipment which will exceed the building design loads or exceed the capacities of electrical, mechanical, and protection systems. No modifications which adversely alter the performance of building systems, or which create safety and health hazards, as determined by GSA safety and health representatives, shall be made.

(c) Occupant agencies shall obtain GSA approval for any modifications proposed to be made with their own forces. This approval requirement applies to the moving or installation of unusually heavy equipment, to electrical appliances such as heaters, refrigerators, and cooking equipment, and to employee-owned equipment.

(d) Occupant agencies shall conform to GSA accident and fire prevention policy, shall observe all OSHA requirements, and shall comply with applicable local safety regulations.

§ 101-20.102 Cleaning and mainte

nance.

GSA shall provide:

(a) Cleaning for all assigned space at a level equivalent to the cleaning furnished commercially for similar types of space.

(b) Maintenance of building systems for heating and cooling, and maintenance of plumbing, electrical, and elevator systems.

(c) Maintenance and repairs of exterior, grounds, sidewalks, driveways, and parking areas.

(d) Maintenance of building equipment such as directory boards, clock

systems, window shades, door locks, and door title cards.

(e) Cyclic paintings of agency occupied space once every five years, and paintings of public areas once every three years, if needed.

(f) Maintenance of all safety and fire protection devices, equipment, and systems in a state of readiness in conformance with applicable laws, regulations, and standards.

(g) Maintenance of all food service activities in accordance with applicable U.S. Public Health Service standards and local regulations.

(h) Arrangements for raising and lowering the United States flags at appropriate times.

§ 101-20.103 Physical protection and building security,

§ 101–20.103-1 Standard protection.

For properties under its custody and control, GSA will provide standard protection services by:

(a) Responding to criminal occurrences, incidents, and lifethreatening events through the use of Federal Protective Officers and local law enforcement officers where a response agreement is in effect.

(b) Installing and maintaining perimeter security devices and systems if they are monitored to provide timely response by authorized personnel;

(c) Implementing crime prevention activities, including tenant awareness programs;

(d) Investigating crimes and violations of Federal statutes, recording and evaluating reports of criminal incidents, and referring findings and evidence to appropriate enforcement agencies;

(e) Entering into cooperative agreements with local law enforcement agencies;

(f) Performing physical security surveys and providing security advisory services; or

(g) Coordinating a comprehensive Occupant Emergency Program.

(h) Periodically evaluating the effectiveness of protection services by indepth inspections of procedures and records.

§ 101-20.103-2 Special protection.

The degree of protection beyond standard levels required by the nature of an agency's activities or by unusual public reaction to an agency's programs will be determined jointly by GSA and the occupant agency. Special protection will be provided on a reimbursable basis. The level of special protection will be determined on a facility-by-facility basis, after the conducting of appropriate security surveys and crime prevention assessments. In such determinations, GSA and occupant agencies will consider:

(a) The characteristics of the facility, including size, configuration, exterior lighting, and presence of physical barriers;

(b) The location of the facility and the history of criminal or disruptive incidents in the surrounding neighborhoods; and

(c) The reimbursable funding and resources available to GSA for provision of protective service.

(d) Tenant agency's mission.

§ 101–20.103-3 Responsibilities of occupant agencies.

Occupants of facilities under the custody and control of GSA shall:

(a) Cooperate to the fullest extent with all pertinent facility procedures and regulations;

(b) Promptly report all crimes and suspicious circumstances occurring on GSA-controlled property to the regional Law Enforcement Branch and other designated law enforcement agencies and then through internal agency channels;

(c) Provide training to employees regarding protection and responses to emergency situations; and

(d) Make recommendations for improving the effectiveness of protection in Federal facilities.

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(as defined in §101-20.003(w)). The Designated Official's responsibilities include establishing, staffing, and training an Occupant Emergency Organization with agency employees. GSA shall assist in the establishment and maintenance of such plans and organizations.

(b) All occupant agencies of a facility shall fully cooperate with the Designated Official in the implementation of the emergency plans and the staffing of the emergency organization.

(c) GSA shall provide emergency program policy guidance, shall review plans and organizations annually, shall assist in training of personnel, and shall otherwise ensure proper administration of Occupant Emergency Programs (as defined in §101–20.003(x)). In leased space, GSA will solicit the assistance of the lessor in the establishment and implementation of plans.

(d) In accordance with established criteria, GSA shall assist the Occupant Emergency Organization (as defined in § 101–20.003(v)) by providing technical personnel qualified in the operation of utility systems and protective equipment.

[52 FR 11263, Apr. 8, 1987; 52 FR 24158, July 29, 1987]

§ 101–20.103-5 Initiating action under Occupant Emergency Programs.

(a) The decision to activate the Occupant Emergency Organization shall be made by the Designated Official, or by the designated alternate official. Decisions to activate shall be based upon the best available information, including an understanding of local tensions, the sensitivity of target agency(ies), and previous experience with similar situations. Advice shall be solicited, when possible, from the GSA buildings manager, from the appropriate Federal Protective Service official, and from Federal, State, and local law enforcement agencies.

(b) When there is immediate danger to persons or property, such as fire, explosion, or the discovery of an explosive device (not including a bomb threat), occupants shall be evacuated or relocated in accordance with the plan without consultation. This shall be accomplished by sounding the fire alarm system or by other appropriate

means.

(c) When there is advance notice of an emergency, the Designated Official shall initiate appropriate action according to the plan.

(d) After normal duty hours, the senior Federal official present shall represent the Designated Official or his/ her alternates and shall initiate action to cope with emergencies in accordance with the plans.

§ 101-20.104 Parking facilities.

(a) Parking facilities shall be compatible with the character of neighborhoods and consistent with local planning requirements. They shall not adversely affect the use or appearance of property, and shall not create traffic hazards.

(b) As necessary or upon agency request, GSA may provide for the regulation and policing of parking facilities. GSA will consult with primary occupant agencies prior to implementing procedural changes. Such regulation and policing may include:

(1) The issuance of traffic rules and regulations;

(2) The installation of signs and markings for traffic control. (Signs and markings shall be in conformance with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices published by the Department of Transportation);

(3) The issuance of citations for parking violations; and

(4) The immobilization or removal of illegally parked vehicles.

(c) When the use of parking space is controlled as in paragraph (b) of this section, all privately owned vehicles other than those authorized to use designated visitor or service areas must display a parking permit. This requirement may be waived in parking facilities where the number of available space regularly exceeds the demand for such spaces.

(d) GSA may delegate the responsibility for management, regulation, and policing of parking facilities by agreement with occupant agencies or by contractual arrangements with lessors or parking management contractors. Where possible, existing contracts shall be amended or modified before renewal to conform with the policies of this regulation.

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