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Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. We will receive the figures and the tables and make them a part of the body of the record at this point. (The document referred to follows:)

Barbituric-acid derivatives: United States production and sales, 1945-54
Production (1,000 pounds)

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5-allyl-5-(1-methylbutyl) barbituric acid (sec-
obarbital) and salt.
5-sec-butyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid.
5-sec-butyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid sodium salt.
5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (barbital) and salt..
5-ethyl-5-(1-methyl-n-butyl) barbituric acid
(pentobarbital).

5-ethyl-5-(1-methyl-n-butyl) barbituric acid,
sodium salt

5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (phenobarbital) (luminal)

5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid, sodium salt..

All other..

557 651 769 456 389 499 481

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SALES VALUE ($1,000)

Barbituric acid derivatives, total.
5-allyl-5-(1-methylbutyl) barbituric acid (se-
cobarbital) and salt.
5-sec-Butyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid.
5-sec-butyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid, sodium salt
5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (barbital) and salt.
5, ethyl-5-(1-methyl-n-butyl) barbituric acid
(pentobarbital).

5-ethyl-5-(1-methyl-n-butyl) barbituric acid,
sodium salt

5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (phenobarbital) (luminal)

5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid, sodium salt..

All other.

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Source: Synthic Organic Chemicals United States Production and Sales.

NOTE. A dash (-) indicates that statistics could not be shown separately for these items as they were accepted in confidence and their release would reveal the operations of individual producers.

Senator DANIEL. Now, if you will refer to the figures, let us go from there so that we will have a full explanation of what is happening in this field in recent years. I wish that you would refer, first, to the table on production of barbituric acid derivatives, and give us a summary of what has happened in the field.

Mr. SCOTT. Well, there is in the last 3 years, there has been an increase in production. In 1952 the production was 537,000 pounds of barbituric acid derivatives; in 1953 the production was 634,000 pounds; in 1954, the production increased to 798,000 pounds.

Senator DANIEL. In other words, it appears that your highest production between 1945 and 1952 was 1947, with 900,000 pounds? Mr. ScoTT. Yes, sir; since 1945.

Senator DANIEL. Then you had a drop in production during several of the years thereafter, after 1947, every year, as a matter of fact, down to 1952, when you had a production of 537,000 pounds? Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir; that is the low point.

Senator DANIEL. Then in 1953 an increase to 634,000 pounds?
Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. And an increase in 1954 to 798,000 pounds?
Mr. Scorт. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Do you have any explanation of any type, and do your figures point out any logical explanation for the increase over 1952 during the years of 1953 and 1954?

Mr. SCOTT. No, sir; we don't we just collect the figures. We don't explain.

Senator DANIEL. You just get the figures available from those who want to use it?

Mr. Scorт. Yes, sir.

Mr. GASQUE. Mr. Scott, I believe you are going to furnish the committee a little later this morning with the production of ampheta

mines.

Mr. SCOTT. Yes. I am sorry I didn't know you wanted those figures or I would have brought them with me, but I can get them very promptly, and have them in 2 or 3 hours.

Senator DANIEL. You keep those figures entirely separate from your figures on barbiturates?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir; they are not chemically related to the barbiturates.

Senator DANIEL. But you keep figures on amphetamines?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Mr. GASQUE. For the year 1953 on the amphetamines, I believe you do have a statement on how much was produced that year?

Mr. SCOTT. The production of amphetamine base was 52,000 pounds in 1953.

Mr. GASQUE. And you distinguish the base from the salts which are added to the amphetamines to form the compound?

Mr. SCOTT. That is right.

Mr. GASQUE. How many grains, generally, make up one dose?
Mr. SCOTT. I do not-maybe some other witness can answer that.
Mr. GASQUE. Mr. Franzoni can tell you.

Mr. FRANZONI. A twelfth of a grain would be an average dose on most of the amphetamine compounds.

Mr. GASQUE. A twelfth of a grain?

Mr. FRANZONI. That is right; 5 milligrams, or in some instances, desoxyephedrine, one twenty-fourth or 22 milligrams, a half of a grain. There are roughly 7,000 grains to a pound.

Mr. GASQUE. 7,000 grains to a pound.

Senator DANIEL. Now, to complete the picture here on the barbiturate figures, your figures on sales quantity show less than what you say on production for each of these years.

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Would you explain that? Are your sales figures based on sales both in the United States and for export?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

If a company produces a barbiturate they consume it in their own manufacture; it is not shown in the sales. We only show bulk sales of medicinal.

Senator DANIEL. In other words, these sales that you have shown here, say, for 1954, 524,000 pounds, as compared to 798,000 pounds, produced, would cover only that which has been sold by the manufacturers?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Either in this country or in other countries?
Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. And the balance would either be on hand or used for other purposes by those manufacturers?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. And these reports are made to you by the manufacturers themselves?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Of course, you would have no reports from any illicit manufacturers or chemists that might be in this field?

Mr. SCOTT. No, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Is there any law requiring these reports to be made to the Tariff Commission, that is, reports on manufacture of barbituric acide derivatives?

Mr. SCOTT. I would like to refer that to our legal department.
Senator DANIEL. Is your legal department here this morning?
Mr. SCOTT. No, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Will you check on that for us before you come back to the committee room this morning?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. To see if the law requires these reports to be made to you. I am referring especially now to barbiturates.

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Turning the page to the sales value, it would appear that 1954 was the top year as far as the value in dollars of these barbiturates are concerned?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. I do see in 1947 the value was a little bit higher. Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. But in 1954, you have a considerable increase over 1953, and the total sales for 1954 in dollar values-what would that be?

Mr. SCOTT. It is $3,204,000.

Senator DANIEL. That is a manufacturer's price to the wholesaler, I suppose?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir; that is the sales of the bulk material.

Senator DANIEL. Sales of the bulk material by the manufacturer? Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. It would be $3,204,000; is that correct?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Now, referring again to the amphetamines that Mr. Gasque, our counsel, asked you about, as I understand it, you are

going to bring us those figures before our session concludes this morning?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes.

Senator DANIEL. I wish you would particularly check the statements that are in the committee files: In 1949 the drug manufacturers produced 15,500 of amphetamine, which was converted into a billion and a half pills. In 1951 they produced twice that much; and the figures for 1953 show they are now turning out 52,000 pounds for a total of 5,200 * ** pills. That is the 1953 figure, which has been quoted to our staff, and we would appreciate your checking those figures for us.

Mr. ScoTT. I will, Senator.

Senator DANIEL. Especially if you can reduce those 52,000 pounds to the total number of pills that the average dose contains and also, I believe, you are going to be able to give us the 1954 figures on amphetamines produced and sold; is that correct?

Mr. SCOTT. If it can be published, Senator, if there are three substantial producers.

Senator DANIEL. I thank you for giving us this information, and we will see you again in a little while.

Mr. Scort. All right. Thank you, sir.

TESTIMONY OF CAPTAIN TODD O. THOMAN, CHIEF OF THE NARCOTICS SQUAD, METROPOLITAN POLICE DEPARTMENT

Senator DANIEL. Captain Thoman?

Captain, you have been before this committee before in our hearings on the subject of narcotic drugs, in general, and the situation here in the District of Columbia, in particular, and we appreciate your cooperation. We asked you especially to appear today in connection with the use of barbiturates and amphetamines, and give your firsthand observations and any recommendations that you might have.

Before we get into that, I would like to ask you, do you have any new information for the committee concerning the narcotics situation in the District since you appeared before us last?

Captain THOMAN. I would like to say that there have been a number of narcotic arrests made since I appeared before this committee the last time.

I would say that they have increased approximately 30 percent over the previous quarter and, in my opinion, it will continue to increase, that is, the problem and the arrests.

Senator DANIEL. You have had an increase of about 30 percent in arrests since you appeared before this committee last during the previous quarter?

Captain THOMAN. Well, I am speaking of this quarter, which would be July, August, and September.

Senator DANIEL. You think that there will continue to be an increase in the problem, you say?

Captain THOMAN. In my opinion; yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Why do you say that, sir?

Captain THOMAN. Well, because of the reports that I receive and of the number of additional arrests that were made during this quarter. Senator DANIEL. You think there is a marked increase in drug use in the District this last quarter or would you say that really it shows an increase in law enforcement?

Captain THOMAN. I would say in both, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Well, I am not sure that these figures will stand up over this past year but, as of about June, we found what appeared to be a decrease in the narcotics traffic in the Nation, in most places. I think it was in all of the big cities except Los Angeles and New York City, where there was an increase. Now then, from what you tell us there is probably an increase here in the District. I am just asking you if you have any explanation of why that increase would be here. Captain THOMAN. There seems to be, in my opinion, a larger number of peddlers, and from reports that I have received, the problem is still increasing.

Senator DANIEL. Do you have any reason that would account for that? Do you think the laws we have here for the District might be one reason? The last time you testified that you felt you were handicapped in operating under the present laws here in the District of search and seizure and other things.

Captain THоMAN. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Do you think that could in any way account for your increase in the problem?

Captain THOMAN. I believe it does; yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Explain why?

Captain THOMAN. Well, we are restricted greatly in our search and seizure.

I would like to draw a parallel with the city of Baltimore. Over in Baltimore I have been told by the officer in charge of the narcotics squad over there that they can go into practically any house or any dwelling and make a search and seizure of narcotics and make the case stand up in court without a warrant. If they have probable cause to go into the house.

Senator DANIEL. Yes.

Captain THOMAN. If we have the same procedure over here I am sure that we could make more cases.

Senator DANIEL. Do you think that here in the District where we found so many faults and shortcomings in the laws, and procedures relating to narcotics, that the area might attract peddlers who are being run out of other places?

Captain THOMAN. That is correct, sir. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Do you have any reason to believe there are any new peddlers from outside of the District who have moved in here in recent months?

Captain THOMAN. The only way I can answer that is on 1 or 2 occasions I have known of peddlers and addicts coming over here from Baltimore.

Senator DANIEL. Baltimore?

Captain THOMAN. Yes, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Do you know of any of them coming over here from other places?

Captain THOMAN. No, sir. I couldn't state definitely at this time;

no, sir.

Senator DANIEL. Your arrests having increased about 30 percent. during the months, I will ask you if convictions have shown any increase.

Captain THOMAN. Well, the courts haven't been in session all summer, and there is no way that I could compare the sentences, that is 71515-56-pt. 6—7

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