During Sunday night the remainder of General Nelson's division and General Crittenden's division of the Army of the Ohio arrived upon the field, and early Monday morning the Union forces were put in motion to renew the battle. General Crittenden's right rested on the Corinth road, General Nelson, to his left, extending the line across Hamburg road. About 1,000 men* from the Army of the Tennessee, extended the line to the overflowed land of the Tennessee. Two brigades of General McCook's arriving on the field about six o'clock formed on Crittenden's right, Rousseau's brigade in front line and Kirk's in reserve. At McCook's right was Hurlbut, then McClernand, then Sherman, then Lew. Wallace, whose right rested on the swamps of Owl creek. The Army of the Ohio formed with one regiment of each brigade in reserve, and with Boyle's brigade of Crittenden's division as reserve for the whole. The remnant of W. H. L. Wallace's division, under command of Colonel Tuttle, was also in reserve behind General Crittenden.

The early and determined advance of the Union army soon convinced General Beauregard that fresh troops had arrived. He, however, made his disposition as rapidly as possible to meet the advance by sending General Hardee to his right, General Bragg to his left, General Polk to left center, and General Breckinridge to right center with orders to each to put the Confederate troops into line of battle without regard to their original organizations. These officers hurried their staff officers to all parts of the field and soon formed a line. Hardee had Chalmers on the right in Stuart's camps; next to him was Colonel Wheeler in command of Jackson's old brigade; then Colonel Preston Smith with remnants of B. R. Johnson's brigade; Colonel Maney with Stephens' brigade. Then came Stewart, Cleburne, Statham and Martin under Breckinridge. Trabue, across the main Corinth road, just west of Duncan's, with Anderson and Gibson to his left under Polk. Then Wood, Russel and Pond under Bragg, finishing the line to Owl creek. Very few brigades were intact, the different regiments were hurried into line from their bivouacs and placed under the command of the nearest bri

*10 W. R., 295 and 338 (Colonel Grose says 15th Illinois, but must be in error. General Rousseau's brigade arrived at daylight. General McCook with part of Kirk's brigade at 5 A. M., the rest of Kirk's brigade arrived before 7 A. M.

gade officer, and were then detached and sent from one part of the field to another as they were needed to re-inforce threatened points, until it is impossible to follow movements or determine just where each regiment was engaged.

Monday's battle opened by the advance of General Lew. Wallace's division on the Union right, attacking Pond's bri gade in Hare's brigade camp, and was continued on that flank by a left wheel of Wallace, extending his right until he had gained the Confederate left flank. Nelson's division commenced his advance at daylight and soon developed the Confederate line of battle behind the peach orchard. He then waited for Crittenden and McCook to get into position, and then commenced the attack upon Hardee, in which he was soon joined by all the troops on the field. The fighting seems to have been most stubborn in the center, where Hazen, Crittenden and McCook were contending with the forces under Polk and Breckinridge upon the same ground where W. H. L. Wallace and Prentiss fought on Sunday.

The 20,000 fresh troops in the Union army made the contest an unequal one, and though stubbornly contested for a time, at about two o'clock General Beauregard ordered the withdrawal of his army. To secure the withdrawal he placed Colonel Looney, of the Thirty-eighth Tennessee with his regiment, augmented by detachments from other regiments, at Shiloh Church, directed him to charge the Union center. In this charge Colonel Looney passed Sherman's headquarters and pressed the Union line back to the Purdy road; at the same time General Beauregard sent batteries across Shiloh Branch and placed them in battery on the high ground beyond. With these arrangements, Beauregard, at 4 o'clock, safely crossed Shiloh Branch with his army and placed his rear guard under Breckinridge in line upon the ground occupied by his army on Saturday night. The Confederate army retired leisurely to Corinth, while the Union army returned to the camps that it had occupied before the battle.

General Beauregard, in his Century "war-book" article, page 64, in speaking of "The second day's fighting at Shiloh,"

says:

Our widely scattered forces, which it had been impossible to organize in the night after the late hour at which they were drawn out of action, were gathered in hand for the exigency as quickly as possible.

Generals Bragg, Hardee, and Breckinridge hurried to their assigned positions-Hardee now to the extreme right, where were Chalmers' and Jackson's brigade of Bragg's corps; General Bragg to the left, where were assembled fragments of his own troops, as also of Clark's division, Polk's corps, with Trabue's brigade; Breckinridge was on the left of Hardee. This left a space to be occupied by General Polk, who, during the night had gone with Cheatham's division back nearly to Hardee's position on the night of April 5. But just at the critical time, to my great pleasure, General Polk came upon the field with that essential division.

By 7 o'clock the night before all of Nelson's division had been thrown across the Tennessee, and during the night had been put in position between Grant's discouraged forces and our own. * After exchanging some

*

shots with Forrest's cavalry, Nelson's division was confronted with a composite force embracing Chalmer's brigade, Moore's Texas regiment, with other parts of Withers's division; also the Crescent regiment of New Orleans and the Twenty-sixth Alabama, supported by well-posted batteries, and so stoutly was Nelson received that his division had to recede somewhat. Advancing again, however, about 8 o'clock, now re-inforced by Hazen's brigade, it was our turn to retire with the loss of a battery. But rallying and taking the offensive, somewhat re-inforced, the Confederates were able to recover their lost ground and guns inflicting a sharp loss on Hazen's brigade, that narrowly escaped capture. Ammen's brigade was also seriously pressed and must have been turned but for the opportune arrival of Terrill's regular battery of McCook's division.

In the meantime Crittenden's division became involved in the battle, but was successfully kept at bay for several hours by the forces under Hardee and Brackinridge, until it was re-inforced by two brigades of McCook's division, which had been added to the attacking force on the field after the battle had been joined. *

*

By 1 o'clock General Bragg's forces on our left, necessarily weakened by the withdrawal of a part of his troops to re-inforce our right and center, had become so seriously pressed that he had called for aid. Some remnants of Louisiana, Alabama and Tennessee regiments were gathered up and sent to support him as best they might, and went with them personally. General Bragg now taking the offensive, pressed his adversary back. This was about 2 o'clock. My headquarters were still at Shiloh Church.

The odds of fresh troops alone were now too great to justify the prolongation of the conflict. So, directing Adjutant General Jordan to select at once a proper position in our near rear, and there establish a covering force, including artillery, I dispatched my staff with orders to the several corps commanders to prepare to retire from the field, first making a show, however, at different points of resuming the offensive. These orders were executed, I may say, with no small skill, and the Confederate army began to retire at 2.30 P. M. without apparently the least perception on the part of the enemy that such a movement was going on.