An Optimal Siting Model for Thermal Plants with Temperature Constraints ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The analytical research work for the Cooling Water Discharge Research Project (RP-49) is being carried out by the Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering under contract between the Edison Electric Institute (EEI) and The Johns Hopkins University. EEI is the trade association of the nation's investor-owned electric power companies. Coordination of the research between the university project staff and EEI is maintained through a Steering Committee of the Cooling Water Task Force, under the EEI Prime Movers Committee. The authors are indebted to Professor Steve Hanke, of The Hopkins Faculty, for his review and contributed foreword, also to Willard L. Graves, Jr., for assistance with computer programming, and to Derek K. Brady for assistance with preparation of the material for publication. An Optimal Siting Model for Thermal Plants with Temperature Constraints ABSTRACT Three models are presented for the optimal siting of thermalelectric generating stations as a trade-off between the costs of power production and the costs of transmission to the load centers subject to the constraints of compliance with temperature standards. The models are intended to be used as aids in making location decisions, particularly by showing the sensitivity of the models' optimal solutions to changes in input parameters, and also by permitting the evaluation of costs associated with different siting policies and different temperature standards. The three models presented are a zero-one integer programming model, a mixed integer programming model and a model with probabilistic temperature constraints. A working solution technique for the zeroone integer programming model with a maximum capacity of 90 variables and 34 constraints is discussed. The type and format of input information needed for this model are described in detail. A sample problem is formulated, its solution is presented, and the results of various sensitivity analyses are discussed. Plans for solving more comprehensive problems based on the mixed integer and probabilistic model formulations are included in Appendix C. A general discussion of the economic aspects of an integrated power generating system and of questions relating to efficient utilization and growth of such a system appears in a foreword. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ZERO-ONE INTEGER MODEL 2.1 General Description of the Siting Problem 2.2 Assumptions Required to Formulate the Model 2.3 Mathematical Formulation of the Model 2.4 Solution by Operations Research Algorithm 2.5 Specifications for Input Information 3.2 Sensitivity to Variations in Intersite Distance 3.3 Sensitivity to Errors in Cost Estimates An Optimal Siting Model for Thermal Plants with Temperature Constraints LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Power System Planning Chart 2. Diagrams of Optimal Plant-Load Allocations for 4. Sample Problem 3. Optimal Solution Cost versus Intersite Distance 5. Optimal Solution Cost versus Maximum Generating Capacity Page (xiv) 6. Optimal Solution Cost versus Maximum Permissible Excess Temperature 7. Optimal Solution Cost versus Stream Flow 8. Power Production Costs versus Plant Generating Capacity 59-068 O 71 pt. 3 ---7 |