Transport, Environment and HealthWHO Regional Office Europe, 2000 - 81 pages The continuing expansion of motorized transport in Europe today raises crucial questions about the efficiency and the environmental, health, and social implications of land-use and transport policies. The challenge is to promote healthy and sustainable transport alternatives to prevent the negative effects of transport systems on human health. This book summarizes the key facts on which countries based their decision. Developed from a document prepared for the London Conference, it summarizes the latest scientific evidence on the impact of transport-generated air pollution, noise, and accidents on behavior and physical and mental health. The book also highlights the considerable potential health benefits from non-motorized forms of transport, such as cycling and walking. |
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Transport, Environment and Health World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe No preview available - 2000 |
Common terms and phrases
action air pollution air quality amended by Directive areas associated Central European Initiative Charter cooperation countries cycling and walking dB LAeq diesel drivers Economic effects of transport elderly emissions environment and health European Agreement European Environment Agency European Region European Union evidence example external costs groups guidelines health benefits health effects HEALTH ENVIRONMENT health impact assessments Hearing impairment human exposure increase infrastructure injuries International Convention measures ment mobility modes of transport monitoring mortality motor vehicles noise levels Office for Europe organizations particulate matter pedestrians and cyclists petrol physical activity planning population port Programme promote Protocol public health public transport reduce Regional Office relevant respiratory road safety road traffic accidents road transport social sound levels strategies studies sustainable for health tion trans transport and land-use transport policies transport sustainable transport-related health trips UN/ECE United Kingdom urban Urho Kaleva Kekkonen walking and cycling World Health Organization
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Page 75 - Matter (LDC), 1972 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL 73/78) International Convention...
Page 74 - June 1995 concerning the enforcement, in respect of shipping using Community ports and sailing in the waters under the jurisdiction of the Member States...
Page 69 - ... of the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) or is subject to the provisions of that Agreement.
Page 75 - Convention Relating to Civil Liability in the Field of Maritime Carriage of Nuclear Material...
Page 75 - International Conference on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Certain Substances by Sea...
Page 70 - European Agreement concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR).
Page 74 - International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels (SFV), 1977 International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), 1978 International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR), 1979...
Page 74 - Council directive 94/57/EC of 22 November 1994 on common rules and standards for ship inspection and survey organizations and for the relevant activities of maritime administrations...
Page 53 - Griffiths RK. Hospital admissions for asthma in preschool children: relationship to major roads in Birmingham, United Kingdom. Arch. Environ. Health 1994; 49:223-7.