World Forests, Markets and PoliciesMatti Palo, J. Uusivuori, G. Mery Springer Science & Business Media, 2001 M12 31 - 490 pages This book offers information and insights into the potential of market and policy instruments in improving the state of the world's forests. It advocates the use of the concept of optimal mix of markets and policies as an approach to view the appropriate and operational roles of market and government in dealing with forestry issues. It does not offer a list of policy recommendations to be used as a general tool to combat the threats facing the world's forests. Obviously, the optimal mix of markets and policies must depend on the varying national and local conditions and, more specifically, on the level of development. The contents of this volume are organized in five Parts. Part I, Editorial Perspectives, briefly reviews the outline of the book and analyses the balanced use of markets and policies to support world forests towards sustainable forest management. Part II reviews changes and trends in society and environment outside the forest sector. After all, the evolution of forestry and forest industries is more dependent on these external changes than on changes internal to the sector. Two important aspects that may strongly affect the future of the forest sector are covered: the potential of wood biomass in replacing oil and the global freshwater outlook. Part III focuses on the importance of forests and is primarily aimed at those outside the forest sector. Current innovations in information technology and the fast removal of government regulations have enabled forest industry corporations to invest on a larger scale in optimal locations worldwide. The rapid expansion of forest plantations in the South is a response not only to globalization but also to the expanding conservation pressures in the North. Part IV is the global forum that introduces a few topical forest sector issues affecting the world as a whole. However, these tend to be very complex and can rarely be adequately covered from a single perspective. Therefore, discussants were invited to bring up additional points of view. Forests have great potential in the control of climate change. This is analyzed through both the increased use of wood for energy and the possible forestry investments by Northern nations in the South to cope with the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol. The interlinkages of forests and water are also highlighted. Part V is entitled Regional Forum. Its purpose is to analyze globally relevant continental issues. Interregional studies are followed by articles focusing on Latin America, Africa, Asia and the Pacific, North America, Europe, and the Russian Federation. The role of the G8 economic powers in the development of the world's forests is studied from the days of imperialism to the current Action Programme on Forests, and the implementation of the programme is followed up. A number of comparative analyses of countries are presented. The impacts of globalization on the forest sector in the Russian Far East and reforms in support of sustainable forest management in Russia are the two final themes of the book. |
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Contents
EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVES | 1 |
Profile of the WFSE Research Program | 13 |
Africa | 14 |
SOCIETIES AND ENVIRONMENTS | 21 |
Prospects of Biotechnology | 40 |
Global Freshwater Resources | 47 |
IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS | 59 |
1 Carbon Sinks in Different Forest Ecosystems in Latin America | 68 |
9 Land Tenure and Sustainable Use of Farm Land and Forest in Namibia | 327 |
D | 329 |
10 Forest Plantations and Restoration of Biodiversity on Degraded Lands of Ethiopia | 337 |
x | 351 |
Special Reference to China | 353 |
the Opposite of Multiple Use? | 365 |
11 Australias Expanding Plantation Estate | 371 |
Biodiversity Conservation and Forest Products in the United States Pacific Northwest | 385 |
2 Forging a Strategy of Sustainability in Mexican Forests | 82 |
3 8750 Threatened Tree Species in the World? | 95 |
GLOBAL FORUM | 105 |
Forest Sector Projects 121 Robert K Dixon ix | 133 |
Valuing the Multiple Functions of Forests | 149 |
from Imperialism to the Action Programme | 165 |
World Trade Flows of Forest Products | 207 |
Economic Crises Small Farmers and Forest Cover in Cameroon and Indonesia | 219 |
Management of Secondary Forests in Colonist Swidden Agriculture in Peru Brazil | 263 |
Municipal Governments and Forest Management in Bolivia and Nicaragua | 279 |
Forest Investments in Latin America and the Caribbean | 295 |
Forest Policies in Malawi MozambiqueTanzania and Zimbabwe | 311 |
Sustaining Outdoor Recreation and Forests in the United States | 395 |
12 Harvesting Fees for Public Timber in Canada | 407 |
Europe | 413 |
Changes in Wood Resources in Europe with Emphasis on Germany | 425 |
Forest Policy Objectives and Institutions in Finland 19171997 | 437 |
Forest Resources for Employment and Regional Development | 443 |
15 Forest Research Capacities in 18 European Countries | 452 |
Reforms in Support of Sustainable Forestry in the Russian Federation | 469 |
List | 479 |
487 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Action activities Africa agricultural America areas Assessment benefits biomass Brazil carbon clear climate communities companies conservation costs countries cover crops deforestation demand developing countries economic effects emissions energy Environment environmental established estimated example existing exports farm farmers Figure forest management forest products forest resources forestry fuels future global growth harvest impact implementation important improved increase industries Institute investments issues Italy Japan land logging major material ment mill municipal natural period plant plantations policies political population potential practices present problems Programme projects promote pulp reduce regions Report require Research role sector Sedjo soil sources species supply sustainable technologies timber tion trade tree tropical United United Nations wood World