organization to engage in any activity or conduct defined as an unfair labor practice in section 8 (b) (4) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended.

(b) Whoever shall be injured in his business or property by reason of any violation of subsection (a) may sue therefore in any district court of the United States subject to the limitations and provisions of section 301 hereof without respect to the amount in controversy, or in any other court having jurisdiction of the parties, and shall recover the damages by him sustained and the cost of the suit.

RESTRICTION ON POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS

SEC. 304. Section 313 of the Federal Corrupt Practices Act, 1925 (U.S.C., 1940 edition, title 2, sec. 251; Supp. V, title 50, App., sec. 1509), as amended, is amended to read as follows:

SEC. 313. It is unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation organized by authority of any law of Congress to make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office, or in connection with any primary election or political convention or caucus held to select candidates for any political office, or for any corporation whatever, or any labor organization to make a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election at which Presidential and Vice Presidential electors or a Senator or Representative in, or a Delegate or Resident Commissioner to Congress are to be voted for, or in connection with any primary election or political convention or caucus held to select candidates for any of the foregoing offices, or for any candidate, political committee, or other person to accept or receive any contribution prohibited by this section. Every corporation or labor organization which makes any contribution or expenditure in violation of this section shall be fined not more than $5,000; and every officer or director of any corporation, or officer of any labor organization, who consents to any contribution or expenditure by the corporation or labor organization, as the case may be, in violation of this section shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both. For the purposes of this section "labor organization" means any organization of any kind, or any agency or employee representation committee or plan, in which employees participate and which exists for the purpose, in whole or in part, of dealing with employers concerning grievances, labor disputes, wages, rates of pay, hours of employment, or conditions of work.

TITLE IV

CREATION OF JOINT COMMITTEE TO STUDY AND REPORT ON BASIC PROBLEMS AFFECTING FRIENDLY LABOR RELATIONS AND PRODUCTIVITY

TITLE V

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DEFINITIONS

SEC. 501. When used in this Act

(1) The term "industry affecting commerce" means any industry or activity in commerce or in which a labor dispute would burden

or obstruct commerce or tend to burden or obstruct commerce or the free flow of commerce.

(2) The term "strike" includes any strike or other concerted stoppage of work by employees (including a stoppage by reason of the expiration of a collective-bargaining agreement) and any concerted slow-down or other concerted interruption of operations by employees.

(3) The terms "commerce," "labor disputes," "employer," "employee," "labor organization," "representative," "person," and "supervisor" shall have the same meaning as when used in the National Labor Relations Act as amended by this Act.

SAVING PROVISION

SEC. 502. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to require an individual employee to render labor or service without his consent, nor shall anything in this Act be construed to make the quitting of his labor by an individual employee an illegal act; nor shall any court issue any process to compel the performance by an individual employee of such labor or service, without his consent; nor shall the quitting of labor by an employee or employees in good faith because of abnormally dangerous conditions for work at the place of employment of such employee or employees be deemed a strike under this Act.

SEPARABILITY

SEC. 503. If any provision of this Act, or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance, shall be held invalid, the remainder of this Act, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.

LABOR-MANAGEMENT REPORTING AND DISCLOSURE ACT (LANDRUM-GRIFFIN ACT)

Pub. L. No. 86-257, 86th Cong., 2d Sess., 1959, 73 Stat. 519, as amended; 29 U.S.C. §§ 401-531; F.C.A. 29 §§ 401-531

Summary and Description

This law is based upon congressional finding of a need "to eliminate or prevent improper practices on the part of labor organizations, employers, labor relations consultants, and their officers and representatives which distort and defeat the policies of the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947, as amended, and the Railway Labor Act, as amended."

The act is made up of seven titles, in addition to definitions, findings, and a statement of policy.

Title I is called the Bill of Rights of Members of Labor Organizations and sets forth certain basic rights which Congress believed should be guaranteed to members by Federal law. Members may enforce these rights by bringing suits in Federal district courts.

Titles II through VI deal primarily with the following: Reporting by labor organizations, by officers and employees of labor organizations, by employers, and by labor relations consultants; prevention of abuses in union trusteeships; standards for union elections; safeguards for labor organizations; and (in Title VI) certain miscellaneous provisions. The Secretary of Labor has varying administrative and enforcement responsibilities under these titles. In addition, Titles II through VI contain a number of criminal provisions which involve enforcement responsibilities of the U.S. Department of Justice.

Title VII and section 505 contain amendments to the Labor Management Relations Act, 1947, which involve matters administered by the National Labor Relations Board, an independent agency not part of the Department of Labor.

Where Government participation is provided for in Titles II through VI of the law, dealing with the administration of reporting requirements, regulation of union trusteeships and elections, and certain miscellaneous provisions, this function is performed generally by the Secretary of Labor. The Secretary exercises his authority through the Office of Labor-Management and Welfare-Pension Reports, headed by a Director. The Office is under the general direction and control of the Labor-Management Services Administrator.

Some of the provisions of the law depend for enforcement upon civil actions brought by the union members themselves; others upon criminal prosecution, or upon civil action brought by the Secretary of Labor. The Secretary has direct authority to investigate violations except of Title I (except section 104) and of the provisions amending other statutes.

COMPLAINTS FILED

Since the act authorizes the Secretary of Labor to make investigations of violations of Title II through Title VI (except for section 505), complaints involving noncompliance with those provisions should be brought to the attention of the U.S. Department of Labor. Complaints of violations of the Title I rights, except for the right to. obtain copies of collective bargaining agreements, must be enforced by civil suits brought by the affected union members themselves. Complaints of violations of Title VII, which contains amendments to the National Labor Relations Act, should be made to the National Labor Relations Board. Complaints of violation of section 505 should be made to the local U.S. attorney.

COVERAGE

The first six titles of this act generally have broader coverage than the National Labor Relations Act. All labor organizations engaged in an industry affecting commerce (except those comprised solely of employees of Federal, State, and local governments or their subdivisions) are subject to these titles without regard to size. This includes conferences, committees, boards, or councils subordinate to national or international unions, and both railroad and airline unions. Unlike the National Labor Relations Act, the definition of "employee" includes railroad workers, certain agricultural workers, supervisors, and specifically, persons whose work has ceased because of a current labor dispute, of any unfair labor practice, or of exclusion or expulsion from a labor organization in any manner or for any reason inconsistent with the requirements of the act. Similarly, employers subject to the Railway Labor Act, and therefore not covered by the National Labor Relations Act, are subject to the pertinent provisions of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959. Certain provisions of the act apply to labor relations consultants and others who receive compensation for advising or representing an employer or union in relation to organizing, bargaining, or other concerted activities.

UNION MEMBER RIGHTS (TITLE I)

Title I of the law establishes for union members a Federal "Bill of Rights," which includes the following:

1. Equal rights to attend, participate in, and vote at meetings and elections, subject to reasonable union rules;

2. Freedom to meet and assemble with other members, to express any arguments or opinions, and to voice views upon candidates and business properly before a meeting. This freedom is subject to reasonable union rules pertaining to the conduct of union meetings and does not impair the right of a labor organization to assure responsible conduct of its members and responsible discharge of the organization's legal and contractual obligations;

3. Protection from increases in union dues or the imposition of assessments except where specified procedures are followed: i.e., in local unions by secret ballot of the membership either at a membership meeting or by means of a referendum; in national unions and intermediate bodies by majority vote of delegates at a conven