In case the senate refuses to confirm an appointment, it is not obligatory upon the governor to withdraw the appointment and send in another, although it is the custom and is usually done.

Appointments by the governor are referred to the appropriate standing committee of the senate. In case the committee reports favorably upon the appointment, it is usually confirmed.

When the governor decides upon an appointment, he notifies the senate by communication. The appointment is considered in executive session, but is confirmed or rejected by roll call in open session.

GENERAL HINTS.

Avoid personalities in debate.

Do not try to crowd through too many bills.

Watch your bills and keep pushing them forward at all times.

You can keep posted on the status of a bill by referring to the docket.

Read section 40, of article V, of the state constitution.

All bills providing for raising revenue must originate in the house of representatives, but the senate may propose amendments as in case of other bills. Be as regular as possible in attendance. It is the watchful and attentive member who advances legislation.

Watch your bills when referred to the engrossing committee, and see that all amendments are properly incorporated.

See that your bill is properly enrolled before it is signed by your presiding officer, for it is only read by title at that time.

Bills providing for an appropriation of money may originate in either senate or house.

Chairmen of committees should always give receipts to the chief clerk or the secretary when receiving a bill for committee consideration.

The clerk having charge of the calendar has no right to advance the position of any bill. They must be placed in regular order, as reported from committee.

If you find a law in Mills' Statutes, it is not proof positive that it is still a law. Examine the Session Laws of 1897, 1899, 1901 and 1902 to see if it has not been repealed or amended.

After your measure has been considered in committee of the whole, ask the clerk will permit you to see that all amendments and alterations are properly incorporated in the measure.

On the last day of the session, have all surplus stationery and supplies in your desk or committee room collected and turned over to the secretary of state, for use at the next session. This is both law and practical economy.

A night watchman should be employed who can not, upon any sort of pretext, be induced to leave his post of duty. Much annoyance and possibly serious trouble may be avoided in case this important official is capable as well as honest.

Endeavor to be present at roll call at the morning session and listen to the reading of the journal, that action on your measures and your own movements may be correctly recorded. If the journal as read is in error, ask to have it corrected.

The legislative session closes at midnight on the ninetieth day. It has sometimes been the practice to stop the clock, and proceed with business beyond that hour, but this can be prevented by simply entering a protest for record on the journal.

Enrolled bills are filed with the secretary of state, and are preserved for all time in the state archives. Do not permit your branch of the assembly to

be criticised for errors and poor penmanship. Carefully inspect the writing and spelling of all applicants for clerkships, and select only those who are thoroughly competent to serve on your committees.

Read carefully and study the reports of the state officers, particularly those of the auditor and treasurer. If anything that you do not understand, go to them and ask for an explanation.

Do not procrastinate in the consideration of business. The last days of the session are always crowded, and confusion prevails. In the rush, errors occur, and good measures are overlooked or neglected from lack of time to consider them properly.

Mills' Annotated Statutes, volumes Nos. 1, 2 and 3, contain all the laws of Colorado up to and including the laws of 1895. To find the remainder of the laws you require, in addition, the Session Laws of 1897, 1899, 1901 and 1902.

Members of the generall assembly, as well as state officers and others, are required to file an itemized statement, under oath, with the secretary of state, showing all expenses incurred, and for what purpose, during their campaign. This requirement applies to all candidates, whether elected or not.

SENATE AND HOUSE RULES OF FOURTEENTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY.

SENATE.

It is much more material that there should be a rule to go by, than what that rule is; that there may be a uniformity of proceeding in business not subject to the caprices of the speaker, or captiousness of the members. It is very material that order, decency and regularity be preserved in a dignified public body.-2 Hats., 149.

RULE I.-OF CALLING TO ORDER.

1. The stated hour of meeting, unless otherwise ordered, shall be 10 o'clock in the morning of each day.

2. The president (ex officio the lieutenant governor), or, in his absence, the president pro tem., shall take the chair every day, promptly at the hour to which the senate stands adjourned; shall call the senate to order, and on the appearance of a quorum shall proceed to business.

3. The stated hour for the convening of the senate having arrived, and the president and president pro tem. being absent, the eldest senior senator present shall call the senate to order, and shall preside until an acting president shall have been elected, which election shall be the first business of the senate.

RULE II.-OF THE ACTING PRESIDENT.

1. An acting president when elected shall continue to preside, with all the powers and privileges of the president, except that of signing bills and joint resolutions, until the president, or president pro tem., shall appear within the bar of the senate, when he shall surrender the chair.

RULE III.-OF A QUORUM.

1. A majority of all the senators elected shall constitute a quorum; and whenever a less number than a quorum shall convene at a regular meeting, and shall adjourn, the names of those present shall be entered on the journal.

2. Whenever a less number than a quorum shall convene at any regular meeting, they are empowered to send the sergeant-at-arms or any other person or persons, by them authorized, for any or all absent senators; and the actual expense incurred thereby in each case shall be paid by the absentees, respectively, unless, for a good and sufficient reason, they have been, or may be, excused by the senate.

RULE IV.-ORDER OF BUSINESS.

1. The senate having been called to order at the hour to which it shall have adjourned, and a quorum being present, and after prayer by the chaplain, the first order of business shall be the reading of the journal of the preceding day, to the end that any mistakes therein may be corrected, and the journal approved.

2. After the reading and approval of the journal, the order of business shall be as follows:

First-Presentation of petitions and memorials.

Second-Introduction of resolutions.

Third-Introduction of bills. First reading-by title.

Fourth-Reports of standing committees.

Fifth-Reports of special committees.

Sixth-Consideration of resolutions.

Seventh-Second reading of bills.

Eighth-Third reading of bills.

Ninth-Messages from the house of representatives.
Tenth-Communications from state officers.
Eleventh-Messages from the governor.

Twelfth-General orders.

3. No bill shall be made a special order without special order has been authorized by the affirmative vote of two-thirds present and voting; and in discussion of a motion to make a special order, which motion shall include only one bill, for which no other bill shall be substituted-no senator shall speak more than once nor longer than ten minutes, and a vote shall thereafter immediately be taken. Whenever any bill or other matter is made the special order for a particular day and hour, and the consideration thereof shall not be completed at that sitting, it shall retain its place as a special order for the same hour on the succeeding day, unless otherwise ordered by the senate. And when a special order is under consideration, it shall take precedence of any special order for a subsequent hour of the same day; but such subsequent special order may be taken up immediately after the previous special order has been disposed of.

4. When the senate has proceeded to the general order of the day, no other business, unless it be a special order, shall be in order until the general orders have been disposed of, except by unanimous consent.

RULE V.-OF MOTIONS.

1. No motion shall be debated until the same shall have been seconded and put by the chair, and, if desired by the presiding officer or by any senator, shall be reduced to writing, delivered at the secretary's desk and read before the same shall be debatable.

2. Any motion or resolution may be withdrawn or modified by the mover at any time before a decision, amendment or ordering of the ayes and nays, except a motion to reconsider, which shall not be withdrawn without leave of the senate.

3. When the question is under debate, the president shall receive no motion but to adjourn, to take a recess, to proceed to the consideration of the special order, to lay on the table, to close debate at a specified time, to postpone to a day certain, to commit, to amend, or to postpone indefinitely, and they shall take precedence in the order named.

4. No motion or proposition upon a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment.

5. A motion to postpone to a day certain, or indefinitely, being decided, shall not be again allowed at the same stage of the bill or proposition; and if a bill or proposition be set for consideration on a certain day, it shall not be considered at an earlier day.

6. No motion shall be deemed in order to admit any person or persons whatsoever, other than a senator, within the senate chamber to present any petition, memorial or address.

RULE VI.-OF SUBSTITUTE MOTIONS.

1. All so-called substitute motions and resolutions shall be considered as amendments only, and shall be subject to the rules relating thereto, except such matters as may be reported by committee.

RULE VII.-OF QUESTIONS OF ORDER.

1. All questions of order shall be decided by the president without debate; such decision shall be subject to appeal to the senate by any senator, on which appeal no senator shall speak more than once, unless by leave of the senate; and the president, on such appeal, may speak in preference to senators, rising from his seat for that purpose.

2. If a senator be called to order for words spoken, the exceptional words spoken shall be immediately taken down in writing by the secretary, that the president may be better enabled to judge of the matter.

3. If any senator, in speaking or otherwise, transgress the rules of the senate, the president shall, or any senator may, call him to order; and the senator called to order shall immediately take his seat, if required to do so by the president, until the question of order is decided. If the decision be in favor of the senator called to order, he shall be at liberty to proceed; if otherwise, he shall not be permitted to proceed, in case any senator object, without leave of the senate.

RULE VIII.-OF ADJOURNMENT.

1. A motion to adjourn, or take a recess, shall always be in order; but being decided in the negative shall not be again entertained unless some motion other than a call of the senate or motion for recess shall have taken place.

RULE IX.-OF DIVISION OF QUESTION.

1. A question containing two or more propositions, capable of division, shall be divided whenever desired by any senator. A motion to strike out and insert shall be deemed divisible; but a motion to strike out being lost, shall neither preclude amendment, nor a motion to strike out and insert.

2. All amendments of the house of representatives to a senate bill, or other proposition, shall not be divisible.

RULE X.-OF DEBATE.

1. The following questions shall be decided without debate, to-wit: Το suspend the rules, to adjourn, to take a recess, to lie on the table, to take from the table, to go into committee of the whole on the orders of the day, and all questions relating to the priority of business.

2. Debate may be closed at any time not less than one hour from the adoption of a motion to that effect, and upon a two-thirds vote of the members-elect an hour may be fixed for a vote upon the pending measure. On either of these motions not more than ten minutes shall be allowed for debate and no senator shall speak more than three minutes.

RULE XI.-OF FILLING BLANKS.

1. On filling up blanks, the question shall first be taken on the largest sum, greatest number and most distant day.

RULE XII.-OF THE PRESIDENT.

1. The president shall preserve order and decorum, but shall have no vote, except in case of a tie.

2. When two or more senators rise at the same time, the president shall designate which of them shall be entitled to the floor; but preference should be given to a senator who has not spoken on the subject under debate.

3. The president shall have the right, in the absence or inability of the president pro tem. to preside, to name any senator to perform the duties of the chair temporarily, who shall be invested during such time with all the powers