 | Sven-Olof Ryding - 1992 - 802 pages
...respectively. The most general definition of a critical load is "a quantitative estimate of an ecosystem exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant...environment do not occur according to present knowledge". The "first generation" of critical loads has been developed by the scientific community (cf. Figure... | |
 | S. Nilsson, O. Sallnäs - 1992 - 514 pages
...difference between critical and target loads in the following way: Critical loads are quantitative estimates of an exposure to one or more pollutants, below which...elements of the environment do not occur, according to our present knowledge. The quantity is different from that of target load - while critical load is... | |
 | Peter M. Haas - 1993 - 466 pages
...Office, United Nations, Geneva, 20 November 1991. one or more pollutants below which significantly harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the environment do not occur according to present knowledge."39 In the mid-1980s Scandinavians began promoting critical loads, a management tool developed... | |
 | Lore Abart-Heriszt - 1995 - 412 pages
...wird folgende Definition für die wirkungsbezogenen Belastungsgrenzen gegenüber Depositionen gegeben: "A quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or...environment do not occur according to present knowledge" (NILSSON and GRENNFELT 1988). Seither wird die wissenschaftliche Basis für die Diskussion betreffend... | |
 | M.J. de Lepper, Henk J. Scholten, Richard M. Stern - 2007 - 368 pages
...1991a,b; Hettelingh & De Vries, 1992; Sverdrup & Hettelingh, 1990). The critical load is defined as a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more...environment do not occur according to present knowledge (Nilsson & Grennfelt, 1988). al., 1991a,b) are used as indicators for risk of damage. These indicators... | |
 | R. Kirkwood, A. Longley - 1994 - 376 pages
...now utilised to determine if acid deposition is affecting vegetation. A critical load is defined as a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more...the environment do not occur according to present knowledge.37 A critical level has also been defined: this is the concentration(s) of pollutant(s) in... | |
 | Dennis J. Kotchmar, J. H. Garner, Donald Gardner, Beverly Comfort - 1996 - 710 pages
...Sweden in March 1988 (Nilsson and Grennfelt, 1988) adopted the following definition for a critical load: "A quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or...environment do not occur according to present knowledge. " In this document (Nilsson and Grennfelt, 1988) and the subsequent publication synthesizing much of... | |
 | Dennis J. Kotchmar, J. H. Garner, Donald Gardner, Beverly Comfort - 1996 - 710 pages
...Localized corrosion occurring within crevices on metal surfaces exposed to corrosives. Critical Load: A quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more...harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the ecosystem do not occur according to present knowledge. Crosslink: To connect, by an atom or molecule,... | |
 | Dennis J. Kotchmar, J. H. Garner, Donald Gardner, Beverly Comfort - 1996 - 710 pages
...lead to attempts to develop critical loads. A critical load is defined as a quantitative estimate of exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant harmful effects on sensitive elements of the environment do not occur according to present knowledge. The cumulative nitrogen... | |
 | Andrew Farmer - 1997 - 270 pages
...1992). The common definition has been that adopted at a UNECE workshop (Nilsson and Grennfelt, 1988): a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more...environment do not occur according to present knowledge. If pollutant exposure is greater than the critical load, then the critical load is considered to be... | |
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Critical load' means a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the environment do not occur, according to present knowledge; 9. 
