Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook, 1998: Toward Cleaner Production, Volume 777World Bank Publications, 1999 - 457 pages "Originally developed to help staff, clients, and consultants prepare and implement operations supported by the Bank Group, this Handbook updates and replaces the Environmental Guidelines issued in 1988 and reflects changes both in technology and in pollution management policies and practices. It focuses attention on the environmental and economic benefits of preventing pollution and emphasizes cleaner production and good management techniques."--BOOK JACKET. |
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Page iii
... Standards 13 22 27 Principles of Waste Avoidance and Utilization 29 Efficient Use of Energy 32 Monitoring Environmental Quality 38 Setting Priorities Comparative Risk Assessment 45 Economic Analysis of Environmental Externalities The ...
... Standards 13 22 27 Principles of Waste Avoidance and Utilization 29 Efficient Use of Energy 32 Monitoring Environmental Quality 38 Setting Priorities Comparative Risk Assessment 45 Economic Analysis of Environmental Externalities The ...
Page 4
... standards . Strict standards , per se , often do not lead to a cleaner environment . In some cases , initial com- pliance deteriorates — for example , pollution con- trol equipment is installed but is subsequently poorly maintained or ...
... standards . Strict standards , per se , often do not lead to a cleaner environment . In some cases , initial com- pliance deteriorates — for example , pollution con- trol equipment is installed but is subsequently poorly maintained or ...
Page 6
... standards and concentrating on plants that fail to meet them tends to lead to an adversarial style of regulation . Often , this under- mines attempts to encourage the better plants to improve their performance . Few agencies have the ...
... standards and concentrating on plants that fail to meet them tends to lead to an adversarial style of regulation . Often , this under- mines attempts to encourage the better plants to improve their performance . Few agencies have the ...
Page 7
... standards . Even where these stan- dards are effective , they tend to be an expensive way of meeting environmental goals . Market in- centives that reward good environmental man- agement offer an alternative strategy , but they may be ...
... standards . Even where these stan- dards are effective , they tend to be an expensive way of meeting environmental goals . Market in- centives that reward good environmental man- agement offer an alternative strategy , but they may be ...
Page 24
... Standards Different kinds of environmental standards can. Figure 1. The Environmental Assessment Process Evaluation Implementation Negotiation Appraisal Preparation Identification Category C Screening Prefeasibility Study Category A ...
... Standards Different kinds of environmental standards can. Figure 1. The Environmental Assessment Process Evaluation Implementation Negotiation Appraisal Preparation Identification Category C Screening Prefeasibility Study Category A ...
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Common terms and phrases
achieve acid air emissions air pollution air quality airshed ambient ammonia areas arsenic assessment cadmium carbon cess chemical chlorine cleaner production coal combustion compounds concentrations contain costs countries cubic meter dB(A decibels developing discharge disposal dust economic effects effluent emis Emissions Guidelines emissions levels energy Environment environmental estimate exposure fuel furnace gases gasoline hazardous wastes heavy metals impacts implementation improve industrial kg/t lead levels given Liquid Effluents manufacturing maximum measures ment mercury mg/l mg/Nm³ milligrams minimize models monitoring nitrogen oxides normal cubic meter operating organic oxygen parameters particulate matter pesticides plant pollution control Pollution Prevention Prevention and Abatement problems receptors recycling reduce sampling sector sions sludges solid wastes solvents sources standards sulfur dioxide Table targets technologies tion toxic United USEPA VOCs volatile organic compounds water quality Water Quality Models World Bank Group µg/m³
Popular passages
Page 28 - Critical load' means a quantitative estimate of an exposure to one or more pollutants below which significant harmful effects on specified sensitive elements of the environment do not occur, according to present knowledge; 9.
Page 454 - Skimming: Using a machine to remove oil or scum from the surface of the water.
Page 169 - Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
Page 446 - Disposal Final placement or destruction of toxic, radioactive, or other wastes; surplus or banned pesticides or other chemicals; polluted soils; and drums containing hazardous materials from removal actions or accidental releases. Disposal may be accomplished through use of approved secure landfills, surface impoundments, land farming, deep well injection, ocean dumping, or incineration.
Page 452 - Secretary shall declare to be a pest, and (2) any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant or desiccant."25...
Page 451 - Permit An authorization, license, or equivalent control document issued by EPA or an approved state agency to implement the requirements of an environmental regulation; eg, a permit to operate a wastewater treatment plant or to operate a facility that may generate harmful emissions.
Page 447 - Eutrophication The slow aging process during which a lake, estuary, or bay evolves into a bog or marsh and eventually disappears. During the later stages of eutrophication the water body is choked by abundant plant life as the result of increased amounts of nutritive compounds such as nitrogen and phosphorus Human activities can accelerate the process.
Page 445 - The natural biological decomposition of organic material in the presence of air to form a humus-like material. Controlled methods of composting include mechanical mixing and aerating, ventilating the materials by dropping them through a vertical series of aerated chambers, or placing the compost in piles out in the open air and mixing it or turning it periodically.
Page 442 - Treatment Any treatment of sewage that goes beyond the secondary or biological water treatment stage and includes the removal of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen and a high percentage of suspended solids. (See...