THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE
36TH AND WOODLAND AVENUE

PHILADELPHIA

ENGLAND: P. S. King & Son, Ltd., 2 Great Smith St., Westminster, London S. W.
FRANCE: L. Larose, Rue Soufflot, 22, Paris.

GERMANY: Mayer & Müller, 2 Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin, N. W.

ITALY: Giornale Degli Economisti, via Monte Savello, Palazzo Orsini, Rome.
SPAIN: E. Dossat, 9 Plaza de Santa Ana, Madrid.

CONTENTS

FOREWORD.

The Editor.

PART I-AMERICA'S INDUSTRIES AS AFFECTED BY THE

EUROPEAN WAR

AMERICA'S INDUSTRIES AS AFFECTED BY THE EUROPEAN

WAR.....

Alba B. Johnson, President, Baldwin Locomotive Works, Philadelphia.

EUROPEAN WAR INFLUENCES UPON AMERICAN INDUSTRY

AND LABOR....

Samuel Gompers, President, American Federation of Labor.

AMERICA'S UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM..

Henry Bruère, Chamberlain, New York City.

SOME RECENT SURVEYS OF UNEMPLOYMENT....

Royal Meeker, United States Commissioner of Labor Statistics.

THE WAR AND IMMIGRATION...

Frank Julian Warne, Ph.D., Washington, D. C.

UNEMPLOYMENT AND IMMIGRATION.

40

Frances A. Kellor, Vice-Chairman, Committee for Immigrants in Amer-

ica, New York.

SOME INDUSTRIAL LESSONS OF THE EUROPEAN WAR.....

John Price Jackson, Commissioner of Labor and Industry, Harrisburg,

Pa.

45

PART II-STABILITY AND DEVELOPMENT IN AMERICA'S
INTERNATIONAL TRADE

AMERICAN EXPORT POLICIES.

51

Franklin Johnston, Co-Publisher, American Exporter.

COMMERCIAL ISOLATION VERSUS INTERNATIONAL TRADE..

Moritz J. Bonn, Professor of Political Economy, University of Munich,

Germany.

60

THE RELATIONS OF CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA WITH THE

UNITED STATES AS AFFECTED BY THE EUROPEAN WAR....

Luis F. Corea, Former Minister of Nicaragua to the United States.

WHAT CAN THE UNITED STATES AND LATIN AMERICA DO

FOR EACH OTHER?..

66

71

Charles M. Muchnic, Vice-President, American Locomotive Sales Cor-

poration.

iv

CONTENTS

TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES NEEDED FOR LATIN AMER-

ICAN TRADE

Welding Ring, New York.

PART III-AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL SUPREMACY THROUGH
EFFICIENCY IN BUSINESS ORGANIZATION

A. Through Permanency in Employment and Skilled Employees

THE EFFECT OF IDLE PLANT ON COSTS AND PROFITS....

H. L. Gantt, New York City.

THE EFFECT OF UNEMPLOYMENT ON THE WAGE SCALE....

Mary Van Kleeck, The Committee on Women's Work of the Russell

Sage Foundation, New York City.

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT APPLIED TO THE STEADYING OF

EMPLOYMENT, AND ITS EFFECT IN AN INDUSTRIAL

ESTABLISHMENT.

Richard A. Feiss, General Manager, The Clothcraft Shops of The Joseph

& Feiss Company, Cleveland, Ohio.

A FUNCTIONALIZED EMPLOYMENT DEPARTMENT AS A FAC-

TOR IN INDUSTRIAL EFFICIENCY

81

86

90

103

112

.....

Ernest Martin Hopkins, Manager, Employment Department, The

Curtis Publishing Company, Philadelphia.

THE NEW PROFESSION OF HANDLING MEN.

121

Meyer Bloomfield, Director, The Vocational Bureau, Boston, Massa-

chusetts.

THE LABOR TURN-OVER AND THE HUMANIZING OF IN-

DUSTRY

127

Joseph H. Willits, Instructor in Industry, Wharton School, Univer-

sity of Pennsylvania.

A NATIONAL SYSTEM OF LABOR EXCHANGES IN ITS RELA-

TION TO INDUSTRIAL EFFICIENCY..

138

John B. Andrews, Secretary, American Association for Labor Legisla-

tion.

...

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT AS A SOLUTION OF THE UNEM-

PLOYMENT PROBLEM..

146

Morris Llewellyn Cooke, Director, Department of Public Works, Phil-

adelphia.

B. Through Efficiency in Industrial Organization

SIMPLIFIED COST ACCOUNTING FOR MANUFACTURERS.....

Walter B. Palmer, Special Agent, United States Bureau of Foreign and

Domestic Commerce.

165

WORKING CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR MAXIMUM OUT-

PUT...

174

Norris A. Brisco, Author of Economics of Efficiency.

THE PRINCIPLES OF INDUSTRIAL EFFICIENCY APPLIED TO

THE FORM OF CORPORATE ORGANIZATION

183

Henry S. Dennison, Treasurer, Dennison Manufacturing Company.

GREATER AGRICULTURAL EFFICIENCY FOR THE BLACK BELT

OF ALABAMA....

187

C. E. Allen, Austin College, Sherman, Texas.

DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS IN MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT 199

Henry Bruère, Chamberlain, New York City.

WHAT SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT MEANS TO AMERICA'S

INDUSTRIAL POSITION..

208

Frank B. Gilbreth and Lillian Moller Gilbreth, Ph.D., Providence,

R. I.

PART IV—INDUSTRIAL CONSERVATION THROUGH WORLD

PEACE

THE BASIS OF CONSTRUCTIVE INTERNATIONALISM..

W. G. S. Adams, All Souls College, Oxford, England.

217

HOW AMERICA MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE PERMANENT

PEACE OF THE WORLD..........

230

George W. Kirchwey, Ph.D., Professor of Law, Columbia University.

HOW CAN AMERICA BEST CONTRIBUTE TO THE MAINTE-

NANCE OF THE WORLD'S PEACE?....

235

G. Lowes Dickinson, Fellow, Kings College, Cambridge, England.

AMERICA'S POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTION TO A CONSTRUCTIVE

PEACE.

Morris Hillquit, New York.

239

THE CONSTRUCTIVE WORK OF THE AMERICAN ARMY........ 257

Leonard Wood, Major-General, United States Army.

SOME PROBLEMS OF DEFENSE...

263

Amos S. Hershey, Professor of Political Science and International Law,

Indiana University.