For steam generators; Average of three samples; Make sure that and data are on a consistent basis,

either wet or dry.

Figure 2-2. Relative accuracy determination.

1. Bibliography

1. Department of Commerce. Experinental Statistics. Handbook 91. Washington, DC, p. 3-31, paragraphs 3–3.1.4.

2. "A Procedure for Establishing Traceability of Gas Mixtures to Certain National Bureau of Standards Standard Reference Materials." Joint publication by NBS and EPA. EPA-600/7-81-010. Available from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Quality Assurance Division (MD-77), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.

3. "Traceability Protocol for Establishing True Concentrations of Gases Used for Calibration and Audits of Continuous Source Emission Monitors. (Protocol Number 1)." June 1978. Protocol Number 1 is included in the Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume III, Stationary Source Specific Methods. EPA-600/4-77027b. August 1977. Volume III is available from the U.S. EPA, Office of Research and Development Publications, 26 West St. Clair Street, Cincinnati, OH 45268.

4. "Gaseous Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems-Performance Specification Guidelines for SO2, NO, CO2, O2, and TRS." EPA-450/3-82-026. Available from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emission Standards and Engineering Division (MD-19), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 3-SPECIFICATIONS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR O2 AND CO2 CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMS IN STATIONARY SOURCES

1. Applicability and Principle

1.1 Applicability. This specification is to be used for evaluating acceptability of O2 and CO2 continuous emission monitoring systems (CEM's) at the time of or soon after installation and whenever specified in an applicable subpart of the regulations. The specification applies to O2 or CO2 monitors that are not included under Performance Specification 2 (PS 2).

This specification is not designed to evaluate the installed CEMS performance over an extended period of time, nor does it identify specific calibration techniques and other auxiliary procedures to assess the CEMS performance. The source owner or operator, however, is responsible to calibrate, maintain, and operate the CEMS properly. To evaluate the CEMS performance, the Administrator may require, under Section 114 of the Act, the operator to conduct CEMS performance evaluations in addition to the initial test. See Section 60.13(c).

The definitions, installation and measurement location specifications, test procedures, data reduction procedures, reporting requirements, and bibliography are the same as in PS 2, Sections 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10, and also apply to O2 and CO2 CEMS's under this specification. The performance and equip

ment specifications and the relative accuracy (RA) test procedures for O2 and CO2 CEMS do not differ from those for SO2 and NO, CEMS, except as noted below.

1.2 Principle. Reference method (RM) tests and calibration drift tests are conducted to determine conformance of the CEMS with the specification.

2. Performance and Equipment Specifications

2.1 Instrument Zero and Span. This specification is the same as Section 4.1 of PS 2.

2.2 Calibration Drift. The CEMS calibration must not drift by more than 0.5 percent O2 or CO2 from the reference value of the gas, gas cell, or optical filter.

2.3 The CEMS RA. The RA of the CEMS must be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the RM test data or 1.0 percent O2 or CO2, whichever is greater.

3. Relative Accuracy Test Procedure

3.1 Sampling Strategy for RM Tests, Correlation of RM and CEMS Data, Number of RM Tests, and Calculations. This is the same as PS 2, Sections 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.5, respectively.

3.2 Reference Method. Unless otherwise specified in an applicable subpart of the regulations, Method 3B of appendix A or any approved alternative is the RM for O2 or CO2. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 4-SPECIFICATIONS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR CARBON MONOXIDE CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMS IN STATIONARY SOURCES

1. Applicability and Principle

1.1 Applicability. This specification is to be used for evaluating the acceptability of carbon monoxide (CO) continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) at the time of or soon after installation and whenever specified in an applicable subpart of the regulations.

This specification is not designed to evaluate the installed CEMS performance over an extended period of time nor does it identify specific calibration techniques and other auxiliary procedures to assess CEMS performance. The source owner or operator, however, is responsible to calibrate, maintain, and operate the CEMS. To evaluate CEMS performance, the Administrator may require, under section 114 of the Act, the source owner or operator to conduct CEMS performance evaluations at other times besides the initial test. See § 60.13(c).

The definitions, installation specifications, test procedures, data reduction procedures for determining calibration drifts (CD) and relative accuracy (RA), and reporting of Performance Specification 2 (PS 2), Sections 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9 apply to this specification.

1.2 Principle. Reference method (RM), CD, and RA tests are conducted to determine

that the CEMS conforms to the specification.

2. Performance and Equipment Specifications

2.1 Instrument Zero and Span. This specification is the same as Section 4.1 of PS 2.

2.2 Calibration Drift. The CEMS calibration must not drift or deviate from the reference value of the calibration gas, gas cell, or optical filter by more than 5 percent of the established span value for 6 out of 7 test days (e.g., the established span value is 1000 ppm for subpart J affected facilities).

2.3 Relative Accuracy. The RA of the CEMS shall be no greater than 10 percent of the mean value of the RM test data in terms of the units of the emission standard or 5 percent of the applicable standard, whichever is greater.

3. Relative Accuracy Test Procedure

3.1 Sampling Strategy for RM Tests, Correlation of RM and CEMS Data, Number of RM Tests, and Calculations. These are the same as PS 2, Sections 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.5, respectively.

3.2 Reference Methods. Unless otherwise specified in an applicable subpart of the regulation, Method 10 is the RM for this PS. When evaluating nondispersive infrared continuous emission analyzers, Method 10 shall use the alternative interference trap specified in section 10.1 of the method. Method 10A or 10B is an acceptable alternative to method 10.

4. Bibliography

1. Ferguson, B.B., R.E. Lester, and W.J. Mitchell. Field Evaluation of Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Continuous Emission Monitors at an Oil Refinery. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park, NC. Publication No. EPA-600/ 4-82-054. August 1982. 100 p.

2. Repp, M. Evaluation of Continuous Monitors for Carbon Monoxide in Stationary Sources. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park, NC. Publication No. EPA-600/2-77-063. March 1977/ 155 p.

3. Smith, F., D.E. Wagoner, and R.P. Donovan. Guidelines for Development of a Quality Assurance Program: Volume VIIIDetermination of CO Emissions from Stationary Sources by NDIR Spectrometry. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park, NC. Publication No. EPA-650/ 4-74-005-h. February 1975. 96 p.

PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 4A-SPECIFICATIONS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR CARBON MONOXIDE CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMS IN STATIONARY SOURCES

1. Applicability and Principle

1.1 Applicability.

1.1.1 This specification is to be used for evaluating the acceptability of carbon mon

oxide (CO) continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS's) at the time of or soon after installation and whenever specified in an applicable subpart of the regulations.

1.1.2 This specification is not designed to evaluate the installed CEMS performance over an extended period of time nor does it r identify specific calibration techniques and other auxiliary procedures to assess CEMS performance. The source owner or operator, however, is responsible to calibrate, maintain, and operate the CEMS. To evaluate CEMS performance, the Administrator may require, under section 114 of the Act, the source owner or operator to conduct CEMS performance evaluations at other times besides the initial test. See § 60.13(c).

1.1.3 The definition, installation specifications, test procedures, data reduction procedures for determining calibration drifts (CD) and relative accuracy (RA), and reporting of Performance Specification 2 (PS 2), sections 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, and 9 apply to this specification.

1.2 Principle. Reference method (RM), CD and RA tests are conducted to determine that the CEMS conforms to the specification.

2. Performance and Equipment Specifications 2.1 Data Recorder Scale. This specifica tion is the same as section 4.1 of PS 2. The CEMS shall be capable of measuring emission levels under normal conditions and under periods of short-duration peaks of high concentrations. This dual-range capability may be met using two separate analyzers, one for each range, or by using dual-range units which have the capability of measuring both levels with a single unit. In the latter case, when the reading goes above the fullscale measurement value of the lower range, the higher-range operation shall be started automatically. The CEMS recorder range must include zero and a high-level value.

For the low-range scale, the high-level value shall be between 1.5 times the pollut ant concentration corresponding to the emission standard level and the span value. For the high-range scale, the high-level value shall be set at 2000 ppm, as a minimum, and the range shall include the level of the span value. There shall be no concentration gap between the low- and high-range scales.

2.2 Interference Check. The CEMS must be shown to be free from the effects of any interferences.

2.3 Response Time. The CEMS response time shall not exceed 1.5 min to achieve 96 percent of the final stable value.

2.4 Calibration Drift. The CEMS calibration must not drift or deviate from the reference value of the calibration gas, gas cell. or optical filter by more than 5 percent of the established span value for 6 out of 7 test days.

2.5 Relative Accuracy. The RA of the CEMS shall be no greater than 10 percent of

the mean value of the RM test data in terms of the units of the emission standard or 5 #ppm, whichever is greater. Under conditions where the average CO emissions are less than 10 percent of the standard, a cylinder gas audit may be performed in place of the RA test to determine compliance with these limits. In this case, the cylinder gas shall contain CO in 12 percent carbon dioxide as an ineterference check. If this option is exercised,

Method 10 must be used to verify that emission levels are less than 10 percent of the standard.

3. Response Time Test Procedure

The response time test applies to all types of CEMS's, but will generally have significance only for extractive systems. The entire system is checked with this procedure including applicable sample extraction and transport, sample conditioning, gas analyses, and data recording.

Introduce zero gas into the system. For extractive systems, the calibration gases should be introduced at the probe as near to the sample location as possible. For in-situ systems, introduce the zero gas at the sample interface so that all components active in the analysis are tested. When the system output has stabilized (no change greater than 1 percent of full scale for 30 sec), switch to monitor stack effluent and wait for a stable value. Record the time (upscale response time) required to reach 95 percent of the final stable value. Next. introduce a highlevel calibration gas and repeat the procedure (stabilize, switch the sample, stabilize, record). Repeat the entire procedure three times and determine the mean upscale and downscale response times. The slower or longer of the two means is the system response time.

4. Relative Accuracy Test Procedure

4.1 Sampling Strategy for RM Tests, Correlation of RM and CEMS Data, Number of RM Tests, and Calculations. These are the same as PS 2, sections 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, and 7.5, respectively.

4.2 Reference Methods. Unless otherwise specified in an applicable subpart of the regulation, Method 10 is the RM for this PS. When evaluating nondispersive infrared continuous emission analyzers, Method 10 shall use the alternative interference trap specified in section 10.1 of the method. Method 10A or 10B is an acceptable alternative to Method 10.

tection Agency, Technical Support Division (MD-19). Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATION 5-SPECIFICATIONS AND TEST PROCEDURES FOR TRS CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING SYSTEMS IN STATIONARY SOURCES

1. Applicability and Principle

1.1 Applicability. This specification is to be used for evaluating the acceptability of total reduced sulfur (TRS) and whenever specified in an applicable subpart of the regulations. (At present, these performance specifications do not apply to petroleum refineries, subpart J.) Sources affected by the promulgation of the specification shall be allowed 1 year beyond the promulgation date to install, operate, and test the CEMS. The CEMS's may include O2 monitors which are subject to Performance Specification 3 (PS 3).

The definitions, installation specifications, test procedures, and data reduction procedures for determining calibration drifts (CD's) and relative accuracy (RA), and reporting of PS 2, Sections 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 also apply to this specification and must be consulted. The performance and equipment specifications do not differ from PS 2 except as listed below and are included in this specification.

1.2 Principle. The CD and RA tests are conducted to determine conformance of the CEMS with the specification.

2. Performance and Equipment Specifications

2.1 Instrument Zero and Span. The CEMS recorder span must be set at 90 to 100 percent of recorder full-scale using a span level between 1.5 times the pollutant concentration corresponding to the emission standard level and the span value. The CEMS design shall also allow the determination of calibration at the zero level of the calibration curve. If zero calibration is not possible or is impractical, this determination may be conducted at a low level (up to 20 percent of span value) point. The components of an acceptable permeation tube system are listed on pages 8794 of Citation 4.2 of the Bibliography.

2.2 Calibration Drift. The CEMS detector calibration must not drift or deviate from the reference value of the calibration gas by more than 5 percent (1.5 ppm) of the established span value of 30 ppm for 6 out of 7 test days. If the CEMS includes pollutant and diluent monitors, the CD must be determined separately for each in terms of concentrations (see PS 3 for the diluent specifications).

2.3 The CEMS Relative Accuracy. The RA of the CEMS shall be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the reference method (RM) test data in terms of the units of the emission standard or 10 percent of the applicable standard, whichever is greater. 3. Relative Accuracy Test Procedure