nary policy-oriented research, it is going to be very, very hard to get it from a university setting.

Mr. ROYCE. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Thank you gentlemen.

Mr. VALENTINE. Thank your, sir.

Let me again thank each of you for your-for the time that it took to get prepared to come and answer more questions. I wish that we had had more participation on the part of members of the subcommittee, and I apologize to you for that. There are a lot of other places that Members have to go. I had to leave temporarily myself to go to Public Works Committee where we are marking up legislation which I felt was very important.

You have, by your participation, I think, made a significant contribution to this debate, and I want to say again that we appreciate it very, very much.

We might have questions-I hope indeed that we will have questions from members of the subcommittee within reason, and we would appreciate if you would provide us with reasonable answers. I say reasonable, only in length. It is up to you to say whether they are reasonable or not.

The subcommittee stands adjourned.

[Whereupon, at 12:38 p.m., the subcommittee was adjourned.]

APPENDIX

Research to Protect, Restore, and
Manage the Environment

Committee on Environmental Research

Commission on Life Sciences

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C. 1993

NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board
of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National
Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The
members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competence
and with regard for appropriate balance.

The report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures
approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of
Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.

This study by the National Research Council's Commission on Life Sciences was sponsored
by Environmental Protection Agency contract 68-C1-0025, National Science Foundation contract
BSR-9109994, Department of Agriculture contract 59-0700-2-154, Department of the Interior
contract 4-01-0001-91-C-25, Department of Energy contract DE-FG05-91ER61172, and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 93-84438
International Standard Book No. 0-309-04929-6

Additional copies of this report are available from:

National Academy Press

2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W.

Box 285

Washington, DC 20055

800-624-6242

202-334-3313 (in the Washington Metropolitan Area)

B-156

Copyright 1993 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

Dale R. Corson (Chairman), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Richard A. Anthes, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colorado

D. James Baker, Joint Oceanographic Institutions, Washington, D.C.
Eula Bingham, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio

Paul L. Busch, Malcolm Pirnie, Inc., White Plains, New York

K. Elaine Hoagland, Association of Systematics Collections, Washington,
D.C.

Crawford S. Holling, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
Theodore L. Hullar, University of California, Davis, California
Allen V. Kneese, Resources For The Future, Washington, D.C.
Kai Nien Lee, Center for Environmental Studies, Williams College,
Williamstown, Massachusetts

Simon A. Levin, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey
Jane Lubchenco, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
Richard S. Nicholson, American Association for the Advancement of
Science, Washington, D.C.

Gordon H. Orians, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
Kumar N. Patel, University of California, Los Angeles, California
Alan Schriesheim, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois

CLS Liaison:

Paul G. Risser, Miami University of Ohio, Oxford, Ohio

Advisor:

Terrence Surles, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, Illinois

Staff:

Alvin G. Lazen, Program Officer from January 1992

Barry Gold, Program Officer until January 1992

James J. Reisa, Director, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology