previous year had been delayed by anomalies in Soviet Government procedures. I am pleased to report that we have succeeded in the past 12 months in making up this shortfall.

Senator KENNEDY. The only point, again, when you are talking about funded admissions, that is a lot different from what was a funded admission 5 years ago, when you were talking about 3 years of support. You are down probably maybe to a year's support, or even less, are we not?

Mr. EAGLEBURGER. You mean support when

Senator KENNEDY. In terms of the resettlement support.

Mr. EAGLEBURGER. That is correct.

Senator KENNEDY. I know my good friend and colleague, Senator Simpson, will be here shortly and raise this issue. But a point that is made is that we find refugees, since they do not get the kind of resettlement support in training and language and other kinds of things, end up shifting right on to the welfare rolls. This is an enormous burden for local communities, and certainly the States. We will come back to that; I am sure Senator Simpson will. But for the funded admissions, what is being provided by the administration for 1993 is a lot less than it was 4 or 5 years ago.

Mr. EAGLEBURGER. We propose that the 122,000 admissions numbers be divided as follows: East Asia, including Amerasian immigrants, 52,000; former Soviet Union, 50,000; Near East/South Asia, 7,000; Africa, 7,000; East Europe, 1,500; and Latin America/Caribbean, 3,500. In addition, as in fiscal year 1992, we have included an unallocated reserve of 1,000 numbers which, after consultation with the Congress, could be used in regions where allocated numbers prove to be insufficient.

As is evident, our program will continue in the near term to address many of the residual human problems created by communism. Former reeducation camp prisoners from Vietnam and religious minorities long denied the right to emigrate from the Soviet Union clearly constitute the vast majority of refugee admissions in fiscal year 1993. In the not too distant future, however, we hope to be able to fulfill our commitment to these groups.

REFUGEE PRIORITIES

Apart from these specific large populations, the U.S. admissions program is designed to focus on persons of special humanitarian concern to the United States and for whom repatriation or local integration is not a viable option. In recent years, UNHCR's assessment of the global need for resettlement places has shown a steady decline. While the United States consistently resettles more than 50 percent of the refugees identified by UNHCR, we have been working with UNHCR to improve further our responsiveness to refugees in high-risk categories in a manner consistent with our own goals and constraints.

In sum, Mr. Chairman, the opportunity to remove East-West competition from the developing world has made it possible to begin to resolve underlying causes of most of the world's larger refugee problems. However, the end of the cold war is likely to bring us new-and, in fact, has brought us new and unpredictable challenges some dramatic, such as the situation in the former Yugo

slavia, and others slow and pervasive, such as the pressure of population growth on social and political stability. It is therefore necessary for us to recognize that refugee problems will not disappear with the end of the cold war. They will undoubtedly become less clear-cut and less easily linked to a general political cause.

We must continue to develop new solutions to refugee issues. In the current environment, free of superpower competition, the prospects are excellent for the United Nations to assume the leadership role envisioned in its charter for dealing with refugees. The United States welcomes the opportunity to contribute to this effort.

Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

[The prepared statement of Mr. Eagleburger follows:]

STATEMENT OF

THE HONORABLE LAWRENCE S. EAGLEBURGER

ACTING SECRETARY OF STATE

BEFORE THE

SUBCOMMITTEE ON IMMIGRATION AND REFUGEE AFFAIRS

SENATE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

JULY 23, 1992

Mr. Chairman and Members of the Committee:

I am pleased to appear today regarding the President's proposal for the admission of 132,000 refugees to the United States in fiscal year 1993. I believe that the Committee has already received a report which provides the detailed information required by the Refugee Act. Because the timing of these consultations has previously been an issue of some concern, we welcome the fact that the Administration and the Congress were able to arrange a date for this hearing well in advance of September 30. This timing will allow the Congress to make its appropriations decisions with the full knowledge of the Administration's current views on admissions requirements.

Before turning to the refugee admissions program, I would like to comment briefly on current trends and future directions of U.S. refugee policy.

powerful symbols of the Cold War era. The end of the Cold War

has thus had a positive effect on a number of serious,

long-standing refugee situations.

Voluntary repatriation,

Elsewhere in the

which is the most desirable and durable solution for refugees, has now become possible for hundreds of thousands of Latin Americans, Cambodians, Angolans, and Afghans. world, there is reason to believe that a large number of the world's 16 million refugees may be able to return home over the next few years. Though political solutions in many areas are less than complete, we are heartened that the overwhelming majority of returning refugees wish to overcome differences and to proceed with rebuilding their war-torn homelands.

Unfortunately, however, the end of the Cold War has also brought new problems in certain parts of the world. Two

noteworthy examples are in Nagorno-Karabakh and

Bosnia-Hercegovina.

Tragically, in these places tyranny at the

hands of the state has been replaced by violent manifestations of long-simmering ethnic and religious hatred. We are all appalled at televised footage of innocent people being massacred while attempting to buy bread in Sarajevo the city that was celebrated during the 1984 Olympic Games for having achieved social harmony within ethnic diversity. It is hard to

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imagine that so much could change in just eight short years. Having served as the U.S. Ambassador to what was once Yugoslavia, I am deeply saddened to see that utter madness and chaos now reign in what could well have been one of the success stories of the post-Cold War period.

It is also ironic that scenes similar to the Berlin airlift are now being repeated in Sarajevo in 1992. As in 1948, the international community must be concerned not only with the welfare of beleaguered people, but also with the security of those attempting to provide relief. Whereas then the motivation of those seeking to hamper relief efforts was ideology, now the motivation is nationalism and centuries-old hatreds. Nonetheless, under the authority of the United Nations Security Council, and the superb coordination of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), the United States is participating in efforts to ensure that humanitarian relief is delivered. This includes the use of U.S. military aircraft to bring vital supplies to the people of Sarajevo.

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Close to home, since the September 1991 coup in Haiti, we have been working for the restoration of democratic government in that country. But in recent months the number of Haitians intercepted by the U.S. Coast Guard increased dramatically. a temporary measure, we utilized the U.S. naval facility at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba as an asylum pre-screening facility.

As