Compiled by the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife from information furnished by the State fish nd game departments.

Mr. ASPINALL. Also there was furnished to Mr. Pearl by Lansing A. Parker, Assistant Director of the Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior, a tabulation of fishing license sales in the United States for 1960. This shows there were 23,232,927 licenses issued, with total revenue received of $52,142,836.53. I do not know exactly where that 53 cents comes in. But this is rather a large sum of money.

I would ask unanimous consent that this tabulation along with the letter of transmittal be placed in the record at this point. Mrs. PrOST. Without objection, it is so ordered.

(The documents follow :)

Mr. MILTON PEARL,

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE,

BUREAU OF SPORT FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE,
Washington, D.C., January 26, 1962.

House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs,
New House Office Building, Washington, D.C.

DEAR MR. PEARL: The material you requested from Mr. S. E. Jorgensen of this office relating to the number and value of resident and nonresident fishing licenses on a State-by-State basis is enclosed.

This tabulation covers fiscal year 1960 and is the latest available information. Sincerely yours,

LANSING A. PARKER, Assistant Director.

Tabulation of fishing license sales in the United States in fiscal year 1960

Mr. ASPINALL. I think that is all I have, Madam Chairman.
Mrs. ProST. Are there further questions?

Thank you very much, gentlemen. We do appreciate your appearing here.

Mr. KUIPER. Thank you, Madam Chairman.

Mr. WOODWARD. Thank you.

Mrs. PFOST. Our next witness is Mr. W. C. Hammerle, manager, policy programs, American Pulpwood Association.

STATEMENT OF WILLIAM C. HAMMERLE, FORESTER AND POLICY PROGRAMS, AMERICAN PULPWOOD ASSOCIATION, NEW YORK, N.Y.

Mr. HAMMERLE. I am William C. Hammerle, forester and manager of policy programs for the American Pulpwood Association, with headquarters at 220 East 42d Street, New York, N.Y. The American Pulpwood Association is composed of pulpwood producers, dealers, consumers and others directly concerned with the growing and Larvesting of pulpwood-the principal raw material used in the manufacture of paper and paper products.

Our association presented its views and constructive suggestions for improving S. 174, in February 1961, before the Senate Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Some of our suggestions were accepted but unfortunately some serious objectionable features remain in Senate-passed bill, S. 174.

In the statement which follows we recommend for the consideration of this committee two major alternatives:

1. Table S. 174 and similar legislation to establish a National Wilderness Preservation System; or

2. If this committee determines that the present administration of the areas proposed in the wilderness system by the Departments of Agriculture and Interior is not adequate to safeguard these areas, and that action by the Congress to permanently restrict these areas to limited use is essential, we strongly urge your consideration of amendments to S. 174 which will

(a) Give primitive areas the same treatment as national parks, wildlife refuges, and game ranges;

(b) Provide for positive action by both Houses of Congress; (c) Provide clear definition of "Wilderness," and

(d) Provide for periodic review of wilderness system areas. 1. Table S. 174 and similar legislation: All of the areas referred to in the proposed legislation are in Federal ownership and will continue to remain so. Moreover, their present status as wildernesstype lands has been and will continue to be such under existing legislation and administrative regulations. There has been no significant fort on the part of the various commercial users of our forest reSources to take over or attempt to allocate for their particular use any of the federally owned areas under consideration.

On the other hand, it seems quite obvious that groups interested only in preservation are attempting to create an urgency for action, without thorough study of the respective areas, in order to lock up large areas for all time for the benefit of a few people. This urgency ignores the recommendations of ORRRC for a thorough study of all recreation needs, thereby defeating the purposes of the Congress in establishing the Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission.

Wilderness-type areas on the national forests-where the first area was set aside in 1924-have not been usurped by commercial forest users or other economic users. On the contrary, the tables shown on the following page indicate constant growth of wilderness-type areas on the national forests from 1921 to 1961.

Please note that as of 1921-40 years ago-wilderness-type areas were not set aside as such. By 1961, however, the aggregate total of wilderness-type areas on the national forests had grown to nearly 15 million acres and the number of such areas increased to 83. This indicates a net annual growth of about 2 areas per year and over onethird million acres annually.

(Table 1 follows:)

1 Prior to 1924 there were no areas set aside as wilderness-type areas; 65 percent of the area indicated in 1939 was set aside in the 3 years 1931, 1932, and 1933.

23 divisions now classified as one, "Boundary Waters Canoe Area."

TABLE 2.-Recapitulation-National forest areas set aside as wilderness-type areas

Mr. HAMMERLE. Until the findings of their studies and the final ORRRC report were available, there existed no uniform system for—

* classifying recreation lands designed to make the best possible use of available resources in the light of the needs of people. Now, we do have "Guidelines for Management" which provide a system for classifying outdoor recreation resources into six classifica tions, and one of these, Class V: Primitive Areas, is specifically de signed for the preservation of wilderness. Another, the Class III: Natural Environment Areas, while providing for other compatible uses, is closely allied to the objectives for wilderness areas but provide for much more extensive public use by those desiring **

natural environment * *

in a

Passage of wilderness preservation legislation prior to affording the administrative agencies an opportunity to thoroughly study and classify all recreation resources in accordance with the ORRRC "Guidelines for Management" is premature and not in the best interests of the American people.

The ORRRC report recommends (recommendation 8-6) that

Congress should enact legislation providing for the establishment and manageDent of certain primitive areas (class V) as wilderness areas.

However, its definition of and description of these areas is very specific. It states on page 113:

Recommendation 6-10: Primitive areas (class V) should be carefully selected and should be managed for the sole and unequivocal purpose of maintaining their primitive characteristics.

Once an area has been placed in class V, it should be managed so as to preserve the primitive condition and the isolation that qualified it for inclusion. There should be no development of public roads, permanent habitations, or recreation acilities of any sort. Their avoidance is the keystone of management. Mechanized equipment of any kind should be allowed in the area only as needed to assure protection from fire, insects, and disease. Any economic use of the area, such as the grazing of livestock, that may exist at the time of its establishnent should be discontinued as soon as practicable and equitable, and no further commercial utilization of the resources should be allowed.

That is a wilderness area. It is one, however, that requires management to preserve its primitive character from the inroads of the pack trains of the wilderness enthusiasts and their intensive use of

limited portions of the wilderness as well as the use of mechanized equipment, grazing, and other commercial uses. Legislation under consideration does not comply with the definition.

It is our considered opinion that this definition is the guide that should be used by the administrative agencies in their determination of areas which should be set aside as wilderness areas. And, that this definition should be the controlling factor in determining the number of areas and acreage to be included in each.

We recommend, for the present, that all legislation to establish a National Wilderness Preservation System be tabled for the reasons cited, namely:

1. The areas being considered are now in Federal ownership and will continue to remain so.

2. Wilderness areas, under administration of the Departments of Agriculture and Interior, have been increasing, and the record bears this out.

3. Forcing the administrative agencies to determine, in the next 10 years, the areas to be incorporated in the wilderness system precludes the effective planning and classification of all recreation resources. It would set back the development of a coordinated national recreation effort.

4. Selection of wilderness areas should adhere to the ORRRC definition of Class V-Primitive Areas. The number of areas and the size of each should be limited to areas meeting this definition of wilderness.

In line with our recommendation to table S. 174, your attention is called to the following resolution adopted by the Association of State Foresters; namely:

Now, therefore, be it resolved, That the Association of State Foresters now assembled in Macon, Ga., this 5th day of October 1961, does recommend and urge that Congress withhold final action on S. 174 until it has had ample