DESCRIPTIONS OF SECONDARY TRIANGULATION STATIONS FROM KEOKUK, IOWA, TO
KEOKUK,
PORT LOUISA, IOWA.

A Church is on Illinois side, on bluff in timber on land owned by Dr. Kennal. Station is about 250 meters south of Mount Bell schoolhouse and 100 meters below a very prominent ravine. A road leaves river road at mouth of ravine and runs on upper side of ravine past the schoolhouse. A house stands near river bank on lower side of ravine, occupied by J. H. Brown. A small barn stands at foot of bluff, on back side of cultivated field, directly in front of station. Geodetic point is center of copper bolt in vitrified tile 18 inches square and 4 inches thick; 3 feet under ground. Tile is surmounted by a 3-inch pipe 4 feet long, with cast iron cap. Station is 150 meters back of crest of bluff and is about opposite dry dock at middle lock, Des Moines Rapids Canal.

A Pump House is center of iron smokestack in center of small pump house at upper end of dry dock at middle lock of Des Moines Rapids Canal. Pump house stands on embankment between canal and river.

A Mount Bell is the center of top of cupola of small frame schoolhouse on side of bluffs on Illinois side; opposite and a little above middle lock, Des Moines Rapids Canal.

Sandusky is the center of a copper bolt leaded into coping stone on east side of wall and over south sluice gate of waste gate, in dam between Des Moines Rapids Canal and River; opposite Sandusky Station on St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Railroad. A house stands above and on dam.

A Waggoner is on Illinois side, on first bluff below mouth of Waggoners Creek. Station is on cleared land, 17 meters south of wire fence running back from crest of bluff, and 45 meters back from crest of bluff. A wagon road runs back from river above creek and below station. Geodetic point marked by center of copper bolt leaded in tile 18 by 18 by 4 inches, buried 3 feet below surface and surmounted by a 3-inch iron pipe.

Vineyard is on bluffs on Iowa side, three-fourths of a mile above middle lock of Des Moines Rapids Canal. It is in a vineyard 20 feet back from crest of bluffs. An ice house stands on bank of canal 500 feet above station. A hedge fence runs up the hill from the railroad 300 feet below station and on lower edge of vineyard.

Institute is on Iowa side on bluffs on land owned by Park Bluff Association. Station is just north of narrow lane running east and west, and 200 meters back of crest of bluff. Station is marked by a 4 by 18 by 18 inch vitrified tile, with copper bolt leaded in the center, surmounted by a 4-inch iron pipe. Station is 300 meters below summer cottages on crest of bluff. A deep ravine is between houses and station.

A Ballinger is at top of bluff on Iowa side, 50 feet back from crest, and one-half mile above M. P. 37 on St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Railroad. Station stands on a narrow ridge running parallel with the river. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt leaded into vitrified tile 4 by 18 by 18 inches, buried 3 feet under ground and surmounted by a 4-inch iron pipe.

Larry is on highest point of bluff just above mouth of Larrys Creek, on Illinois side of river. Top of bluff is cultivated, slopes are timbered 15 meters from wire fence running along crest of bluff. Small one-story white frame house stands 200 meters above. Geodetic point is marked by a copper bolt leaded into a 4 by 18 by 18 inches vitrified tile, 3 feet under ground, surmounted by a 4-inch iron pipe.

Edmunds is on crest of low bluff on Illinois side, one-half mile below and opposite upper lock Des Moines Rapids Canal. Station stands on point of small knoll 38 meters in front of hedge fence and 45 meters below corner of fence. It is about 400 meters below where bottom land runs out into river to a point about 600 meters below Sonora Landing. Geodetic point is marked by a center of copper bolt leaded into a 4 by 18 by 18 inch vitrified tile, buried 24 feet in ground, surmounted by a 4-inch iron pipe.

Nashville is on Iowa side, on top of bluff about 400 meters back of the town of Nashville. It is at a wire fence running north and south and on highest part of ridge between two deep gullies running to river. A one and a half-story frame house stands 300 feet back of and a little above the station. Geodetic point marked by center of copper bolt leaded into a 4 by 18 by 18 inch tile, 24 feet under ground, surmounted by a 4-inch pipe.

Sheridan is on Illinois side, on hill in cultivated field just above a hedge running east and west. Station is at northeast corner of orchard and about 400 meters above Sheridan Creek and same distance back of river. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in tile, surmounted with 4-inch pipe.

Dobson is on Illinois side, at top of bluff near crest, and 150 meters from the river. It is on upper side of point above Nauvoo, 600 meters above Nauvoo Landing. Nearly In direct line of N. and S. street prolonged and north of a two-story brick house, 32 meters north of fence corner at upper side of vineyard. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in square tile and iron pipe projecting out of ground 8 inches.

Nauvoo is on east side of the west, north, and south street that runsnearly across the bottom land in front of the town of Nauvoo, Ills. A large farm of small fruit lies west of street to river. A fruit barn stands on west line of street opposite station. A two-story brick house stands east of station 200 feet. South end of street at river is just above slaughterhouse. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe.

Sand Ridge is on Iowa side and about 14 miles above Montrose, on a sand ridge on west side of wagon road, 10 feet inside of fence. Railroad adjoining wagon road on east side. Station is 300 meters below Milepost 30, and about 300 meters above a small shanty near corner of hedge fence. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile and iron pipe.

Macuta is on Iowa side of river, 5 miles below Fort Madison, 4 feet north of fence on north side of right of way of Chicago, Santa Fe and California Railway, 200 feet northeast of southwest switch stand of siding, about 450 meters above (northeast) Howe truss bridge over Devils Creek, 70 meters (distance paced) northeast along railway fence from a north and south fence. Geodetic point marked by a copper bolt in usual tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 4 inches above ground.

A Fort Madison is on Iowa side, on top of bluff, just above north and south fence about 14 miles back of river. Fence runs across bottom, just below foundry shops of Chicago, Santa Fe and California railway. A two-story brick schoolhouse stands directly south of station on street on which street cars run to Fort Madison. Station is about 2 miles below the town. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in flat tile and surmounted by iron pipe.

A Sherman is on Illinois side of river, 24 miles above Nauvoo, on bluffs in timber, about 200 meters below where steep rocky bank of river ends and flat bar, partly covered with large willows, begins, back of and a little below the remains of an old foundation wall standing on river bank. Station stands on a projecting point in ridge 75 meters in front of fence at edge of clearing. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe. Several trees 10 to 12 inches diameter were cut around station. It is about 100 meters below B. M. 146 which stands on side of road at foot of hill. A house stands on crest of bluff about 400 meters above.

Penitentiaryis on Iowa side on crest of steep bluff above ravine just above new reservoir of Fort Madison city waterworks. Station is on narrow ridge parallel with river and 75 meters above end of ridge. A two-story brick house stands 300 meters back of and a little below station, which is 10 feet from crest of bluff on river side. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 14 inches out of ground. About 1 mile above Fort Madison railroad bridge.

Niota is on Illinois side of river, on top of bluff, about 1 mile below Chicago, Santa Fé and California Railway bridge at Fort Madison. It is 6 meters back of crest of bluff on a small mound, about 100 meters below where bluffs turn back from river. It is almost directly opposite railroad depots in Fort Madison. Bluffs timbered. It is in front of and a little above a fence corner at northwest corner of clearing. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 8 inches out of ground. Line cut through timber to Appanooce.

Appanooce is on Illinois side of river, in cultivated field, 20 meters above telegraph pole on which is fastened two hundred and thirty-fourth mile board Chicago, Santa Fe and California Railway, and 30 meters west of west right-of-way fence. Road crosses railroad about 300 meters above station. It is about 2 miles above Niota, Ill. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting above ground 1 foot. It is about three-fourths mile back from river bank.

Lomax is on Illinois side, on top bluffs about 800 meters above Milepost 13, Carthage branch of Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, 24 miles above Dallas City. Station is on crest of bluff back of small field used for pasture, 250 meters above house. It is on the upper one of three small ridges which form the point on the bluff line. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in square tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 4 inches above ground.

A Dallas is on Illinois side, on bluff about three-fourths mile below Dallas City. Station is 6 meters south of picket fence running down the bluff. A dry creek running out of sinall ravine just above station runs through Bridge 320 on Chicago, Santa Fé and California Railway. Geodetic point marked by small copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 10 inches above ground.

Westcott is on Iowa side, on top of bluff, about one-fourth mile below (toward Fort Madison) Milepost 15, St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Railroad. In corner of fence at jog in road. A two-story brick house stands on crest of bluff where road goes down bluff about 300 meters above station. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 10 inches above ground. Line cut to penitentiary A.

Carman is on Illinois side, on bare bluff, on land owned by James Perry, 3 miles

east of Carman. An east and west road crossing the railroad ends at fence at foot of hill, 150 meters north of station. A hedge fence runs north and south 40 meters west of station. An east and west board fence is 60 meters south of station. A twostory white frame house stands 200 meters above station on hill. Station is on small knoll above gully, and is not on highest part of bluff. Geodetic point is marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 2 inches above ground. Wever is on Iowa side in bottom, about 2 miles southeast of town of Wever, on land owned by George Tucker. It is 200 meters east of road, in pasture 1 meters east of fence. A small one-story frame house stands on west side of road nearly west of station. Schoolhouse stands on road 200 meters south of house. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe.

A Patterson is on Iowa side, on crest of bluffs, 75 meters above Milepost 5, St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern Railroad. At wire fence running along bluff. A house stands opposite the milepost at foot of hill. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 8 inches above ground.

Burlington is on crest of bluff in South Burlington, on line of fence on north line of alley south of Polk street, and 2 meters from end of fence, about 200 meters below bridge. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile.

Sater is on Iowa side on crest of bluff about 6 miles above Burlington. A oneand-a-half story frame house stands on east side of road about 100 meters south of station. Bluff is partly wooded. Road runs up bluff 800 meters south of station. House at foot of bluff is painted dark red with white trimmings and is not occupied. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 14 inches above ground.

Gladstone is on bluff south of town of Gladstone, Ill. Old distillery stands 200 meters southwest of station at foot of bluff. Station is in pasture 300 meters east of main street of town running south from depot, and 100 meters south of south street of town, 10 meters north of fence. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 2 inches out of ground.

Ellison is on Illinois side, in bottom opposite lower part of Burlington, about 3 miles back from river and one-half mile below Ellison Creek. It is on sand ridge 75 meters south of east and west road and 400 meters east of where Carman and Burlington road turns south. A house and large red barn stand 150 meters north of station. Geodetic point marked as usual.

Henderson is on Illinois side on bluff 3 miles above Oquawka station. Is on projecting point of bluff near where Henderson river comes to bluff. A house stands at foot of bluff 1,200 meters south and one on bluff 300 meters directly back of station. Geodetic point marked by copper bolt in tile, surmounted by pipe projecting 8 inches out of ground. Station on land owned by Mr. H. P. Burghet.

East base is on south side of track of Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad at foot of low embankment and three telegraph poles west of crossing just west of milepost No. 47. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe.

Elevation of east base, 598.28.

West base is on north side of right of way of Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, 3 meters south of right-of-way fence, 300 meters east of east road crossing in town of New Boston. On highest part of ground through which railroad has been cut. Geodetic point is usual copper bolt in tile with pipe projecting 8 inches. Elevation of west base, 583.96.

New Boston base line was measured along south side of track of Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad running east from New Boston.

Sturgeon is on Illinois side on top of bluff 5 miles north of New Boston. It is nearly on line with the north and south main road from New Boston to Muscatine. A small white house stands on bluff side of road, 100 meters south of station. It is 12 meters south of fence running up bluffs at south end of orchard.

Bald Bluff is on highest point of "Bold Bluff" on Illinois side, 6 miles southeast of Keithsburg. Bluff is very prominent from all directions. Geodetic point is usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 8 inches. Station is on land owned by H. P. Burghet (?).

Kingston is on Iowa side about 7 miles south of Oakville. Station is on very prominent bluff. Road from Toolsboro to Burlington runs along foot of bluff. Small white frame house stands on bluff side of road a little north of station. A road runs up gully and onto bluffs about 400 meters north of station. Schoolhouse stands short distance north of fork in road. Station is on cultivated ground, 75 meters south of wire fence running down bluff to near house. Bluffs timbered 300 meters below station. Line cut to station Gladstone. Geodetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 14 inches above ground.

Toolsboro is on crest of bluffs, about three-fourths mile below Toolsboro, Iowa, on land owned by Mrs. Parsons. It is about 100 meters in front of road, in timber. Mrs. Parson's house, a two-story white frame, stands on west side of road, about 300

ENG 92-185

meters above (north) station. Station stands on extreme edge of hill and on a little projecting point. Geodetic point is marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 8 inches above ground.

Louisa is on crest of bluffs on Iowa side, nearly due west of Port Louisa. Station is 2 meters north of fence on north side of small cemetery known as "Cameron Cemetery," and two meters east of north and south fence running along crest of bluffs on land of Mr. Cameron. Road comes up bluff just south of cemetery. Geopetic point marked by usual copper bolt in tile, surmounted by iron pipe projecting 15 inches above ground.

▲ B. M. Pat. is at point of preliminary location of Patterson. As it could not be used as a secondary station, the tile was left in position and a B. M. cap was placed on top of pipe. It is in field 2 meters north of hedge fence, on hill near top, abreast the 4-mile post Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad. A two-story stone house, with no roof, is on slope of hill about 100 meters from stone.

The name is chosen to prevent confusion, as a secondary station, "Patterson,” was chosen 1424,4 meters below on the bluffs.

APPENDIX 4 B.

REPORT OF ASSISTANT ENGINEER O. W. FERGUSON, ON FIELD WORK AND REDUCTION OF PRECISE LEVELS FROM ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, TO SAVANNA, ILLINOIS, WITH TABULATED RESULTS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF BENCH MARKS.

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY,

St. Louis, Mo., March 12, 1892.

SIR: I have the honor to present the following report on precise-level work from St. Paul, Minn., to Savanna, Ill.:

The double precise-level party for this work was organized at this office on April 25, 1891, and consisted of O. W. Ferguson, assistant in charge; L. M. Mann, assistant engineer; F. B. Williams, recorder; Irving W. Durfee, recorder; John P. Baker, rodman; L. B. McKeen, rodman; J. A. Warrick, rodman; R. J. Dickinson, rodman; Frank VanNess, foreman; E. J. Burgess, axman; H. M. Conradt, axman; H. M. Willson, axman; J. H. Tyner, cook; T. M. Brennan, steward.

The United States survey boat Kentucky had been assigned to this work and was lying at the foot of Barton street. Pursuant to orders from Chief Assistant Ockerson, all hands were on board ready to start up the river under tow by the United States steamer Patrol at 11 o'clock on April 25, 1891. Owing to the large number of tile and iron pipe and stores that had to be stowed away on the United States boats Illinois and Kentucky, the Patrol did not get under way until 4:45 p. m.

The secretary of the Commission, Capt. Carl F. Palfrey, accompanied the fleet as far as the head of the Des Moines Rapids Canal, where we left the United States survey boat Illinois. Chief Assistant Ockerson accompanied the Patrol all the way to St. Paul, which point we reached without damage or loss at 10 a. m. on May 2, having passed the 729 miles in one hundred and sixty-one and one-half hours, or at an average speed of 4.52 miles per hour, including stops that were made for coal, to distribute the tile bench marks (at Genoa, Wabasha, Red Wing, and Hastings), to detach and tie up the Illinois, four hours at Fountain City on account of rafts, one hour at Lake Side on account of wind, and seven and one-half hours at Hastings on account of the danger in passing rafts, logs, and numerous dikes in the night. About twenty-four hours in all was consumed in these stops, making the running speed 5.31 miles per hour.

The party was subsisted on the quarter boat Kentucky, well equipped for work, being furnished with tackle, tools, furniture, cooking outfit, table and kitchen utensils, bedding, towels, napkins, etc., no per diem being allowed, but all supplies and labor paid for by the Commission on properly signed vouchers.

The Kern precise levels Nos. 1, 3, and 5, with Kern precise-leveling rods Nos. 11, 13, 18, and 19, with the accompanying articles, were assigned to the party. They are the same kind of instruments and rods as are described in the report of the Commission for 1883, page 55.

On landing at Pig Eye, 24 miles below St. Paul, we immediately set to work to determine the necessary instrumental functions, in order for the field reduction of the work.

(1) These are the value of one division of the level tube and the distance at which it subtends 1 millimeter on the rod.

(2) The total and the relative value of the wire intervals in each instrument, thus finding the space intercepted at all distances by the wires on the rod, and their dif