Following is a summary of the educational and training features of the Act:

Provides for mobilizing the human and financial resources of the Nation to combat poverty in the United States by opening to everyone opportunity for education and training and opportunity to work.

Title I-Youth programs.-Establishes a Job Corps within the Office of Economic Opportunity (established by title VI) for young men and women aged 16 through 21. Authorizes the Director of the Office to, among other activities, provide education and vocational training to enrollees in the Corps, and provide for programs of useful work experience and other appropriate activities for enrollees.

Provides for assistance and cooperation by the Director with State and local agencies and private nonprofit organizations in developing State and community work-training programs for young men and women aged 16 through 21. Requires that to the maximum extent feasible these programs shall be coordinated with programs of training and education sponsored by public educational agencies. Authorizes the Director to enter into agreements to pay part or all of the cost of a State or local program which meets certain requirements. Includes as one of these requirements determination by the Director that the program will increase the employability of the enrollees by providing work experience and training in occupational skills or pursuits in which there is reasonable expectation of employment, or which will enable student enrollees to resume or maintain school attendance.

Provides for grants for work-study programs to promote the part-time employment of students in institutions of higher education who are from low-income families and are in need of earnings to pursue their education. Authorizes the Director to enter into agreements with institutions of higher education for payment by him of part of the compensation of students employed under such work-study programs. Sets forth the conditions for such agreements, including the requirement that the institution shall extend (from sources other than payments by the Director) for the employment of its students an amount no less than its average annual expenditure for such employment during the 3 fiscal years preceding the agreement.

Title II-Urban and rural community action programs.— Authorizes the Director to make grants and enter into contracts for financial and technical assistance, research, training, and demonstrations to stimulate urban and rural communities to combat poverty through community action programs. Requires that such programs receiving financial assistance shall provide improved services and other activities and facilities in fields within the purposes of this title, including remedial and other noncurricular education, employment, job training and counseling, health, and vocational rehabilitation.

Provides for grants to States which have State plans approved by the Director for adult basic education programs.

Title V-Work experience programs.-Provides for job training for unemployed adults receiving public assistance.

Title VI-Administration and coordination.-Establishes in the Executive Office of the President the Office of Economic Opportunity headed by a Director. Authorizes the Director to recruit, select, train, and assign "volunteers in service to America' assist in carrying out certain purposes of the act. Denies authorization by this act of any Federal control over the curriculum, program of instruction, administration, or personnel of any educational institution or school system

4. National Arts and Cultural Development Act of 1964

S. 2379, the National Arts and Cultural Development Act of 1963, was introduced on December 12, 1963, by Senator Hubert H. Humphrey, of Minnesota (for himself and Senators Joseph S. Clark, of Pennsylvania; John Sherman Cooper, of Kentucky; Jacob K. Javits, of New York; Edward V. Long, of Missouri; Lee Metcalf, of Montana; Claiborne Pell, of Rhode Island; Jennings Randolph, of West Virginia; Abraham A. Ribicoff, of Connecticut; Hugh Scott, of Pennsylvania; and Edward M. Kennedy, of Massachusetts). The bill was referred to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. It was reported in the Senate on December 16, 1963 (S. Rept. 780). It passed the Senate on December 20, 1963, and was referred to the (House) Committee on Education and Labor on December 23, 1963.

The National Arts and Cultural Development Act was introduced, as H.R. 9586, on January 8, 1964, by Representative Frank Thompson, Jr., of New Jersey, and referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. The bill was reported from that committee, with amendments, on June 11, 1964 (Rept. No. 1476). It was debated and passed by the House, amended, on August 20, 1964. It was passed by the Senate on August 21, 1964.

The act was approved on September 3, 1964, and became Public Law 88-579.

Following is a digest of the National Arts and Cultural Development

Act:

Sets forth congressional policy with respect to encouragement and support of the arts. Provides assurance against Federal interference in the arts.

Provides for a National Council on the Arts consisting of a Chairman, the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, ex officio, and 24 members appointed by the President. Provides for the Council to recommend ways to maintain and increase the cultural resources of the United States, propose methods to encourage private initiative in the arts, advise and consult with other agencies on methods to foster and use art, and conduct studies on methods to encourage art. The Council may obtain assistance from such committees and panels as may be appointed by the Chairman from among those persons professionally qualified in the fields of art with which such studies are concerned. 5. Loans to students of optometry

S. 2180, a bill to amend title VII of the Public Health Service Act so as to extend to qualified schools of optometry and students of optometry those provisions thereof relating to student loan programs, was introduced on September 25, 1963, by Senator Harrison A. Williams, Jr., of New Jersey, for himself and 27 other Senators. The bill was referred to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare.

In the House, an identical bill, H.R. 8546, was introduced by Representative Kenneth A. Roberts, of Alabama, on September 24, 1963, and referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. No action was taken on the House bill, as such.

S. 2180 was reported in the Senate on August 14, 1964 (Rept. No. 1441). It passed the Senate on August 15, 1964. It passed the House on September 30, 1964. The act was approved on October 13, 1964, and became Public Law 88-654.

The act extends to students of optometry the provisions of the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1963 (Public Law 88-129) authorizing long-term, low-cost loans to students of medicine, dentistry, and osteopathy.

6. National Defense Education Act amendments and extension (1964)

S. 2490, a bill to provide assistance for students in higher education by increasing the amount authorized for loans under the NDEA and by establishing programs for scholarships, loan insurance, and work study, was introduced on February 3, 1964, by Senator R. Vance Hartke, of Indiana. On July 31, 1964, Senator Wayne Morse, from the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, reported S. 3060, an original committee bill to amend the NDEA and to extend Public Laws 815 and 874, 81st Congress, relating to education in federally affected areas (Rept. No. 1275). On August 1, 1964, the Senate passed this bill.

H.R. 9846, proposing further to amend and extend the NDEA, was introduced by Representative Edith Green, of Oregon, on February 1, 1964, and referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. H.R. 11904, proposing NDEA amendments, was introduced by Representative Edith Green on July 2, 1964. This bill was reported from the Committee on Education and Labor on July 30, 1964 (Rept. No. 1639). It was debated, amended, and passed by the House on August 14, 1964. Thereafter, on the same date, it was laid on the table and S. 3060 was passed in lieu, amended with the text of H.R. 11904. as passed.

The Senate asked for a conference on August 31, 1964. The House agreed to a conference on September 16, 1964. The conference report was filed on September 30, 1964 (Rept. No. 1916). The House agreed to the conference report on October 1, 1964. The Senate agreed to the conference report on October 2, 1964. The act was approved on October 16, 1964, and became Public Law 88-665.

Following is a summary of titles I to X of Public Law 88-665, relating to extension and amendment of the National Defense Education Act:

The act increases the authorization for the NDEA student loan fund from $135 million a year to $163.3 million for fiscal 1965, $179.3 million for fiscal 1966, $190 million for 1967 and $195 million for 1968. It removes the $800,000 institutional ceilingwhich limited the amount available to any one school. It extends loans to part-time students and students in accredited postsecondary business schools and technical institutes (public and private), increases the ceiling on loans to graduate and professional students to $2,500 per year, and extends the loan forgiveness provision (which cuts in half loan repayment requirements for those students who become teachers) to those who

become college teachers and teachers in private as well as public elementary and secondary schools.

The act provides for an increase in the number of fellowships from 1,500 per year to 3,000 in fiscal 1965, 6,000 in 1966, and 7,500 each in 1967 and 1968. It permits an increase in the stipend when fellowships are awarded for a 12-month period.

The act continues Federal assistance for acquisition of equipment needed for instruction in mathematics, science, and foreign languages, and adds such aid for instruction in English, reading, history, geography, and civics. Schools may use equipment so acquired for instruction in any other subject if there is a "critical"

need.

The existing program for teacher training institutes is continued and expanded by the act to include institutes to give teachers additional preparation in English, reading, history, geography, and in the instruction of disadvantaged youths. Institutes are also provided for school librarians and educational media specialists.

The guidance, counseling, and testing program is extended to elementary schools, public junior colleges, and public technical schools through federally financed institutes for improving teacher preparation.

7. School assistance to federally affected areas amendment and extension (1964)

A legislative history of S. 3060 is given in this report under the heading "National Defense Education Act Amendment and Extension," immediately preceding. It was pointed out that this act became Public Law 88-665.

Title XI of Public Law 88-665 extends for 1 year the program of financial assistance to "federally impacted" school districts, including for the first time schools in the District of Columbia.

EIGHTY-NINTH CONGRESS

A. FIRST SESSION, 1965

Convened January 4, 1965; not adjourned at time of this writing. 1. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965

H.R. 2362, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, was introduced on January 12, 1965, by Representative Carl D. Perkins, of Kentucky. The bill was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. It was reported from that committee on March 8, 1965 (Rept. No. 143). It passed the House on March 26, 1965. It was reported in the Senate, from the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, on April 6, 1965 (Rept. No. 146). It passed the Senate on April 9, 1965. The act was approved on April 11, 1965, and became Public Law 89–10.

Following is a digest of the act:

Title I-Financial assistance to local educational agencies for the education of children of low income families.-Declares it to be the purpose of Congress to provide Federal financial assistance to educational agencies in areas with concentrations of low income families to improve the educational facilities of the area.

Authorizes the Commissioner of Education to make payments to State educational agencies for basic and special incentive grants to local agencies from July 1, 1966, to June 30, 1968.

Provides a formula for determining the amount of Federal assistance to a State. This formula to be based on a computation using the Federal percentage of the average per pupil expenditure multiplied by the number of children in low income families in the State or area in which the grant is to be used but the Federal contribution to an agency is not to exceed 30 percent of that agency's budget for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1966. Establishes a criteria for determining the eligibility of a local educational agency. Requires that there be in the school district served by the agency at least 100 children in low income families or that more than 3 percent of the total number of children served by the agency come from such families.

Defines "Federal percentage" as 50 percent and "low income" as $2,000 or less. In determining the number of children in low income families only those from 5 to 17 are to be counted.

Provides for special incentive grants to agencies with amounts to be determined by previous agency expenditures.

Requires the local agency to apply to the State for such grants and provides standards for determining eligibility.

Requires State educational agencies to provide the Commissioner with satisfactory assurance that proper disbursement will be made; that this act will be complied with; and that annual reports will be made to the Commissioner.

Provides standards and methods of payments by the Commissioner to the States.

Requires that laborers and mechanics on construction projects receiving assistance under this title be paid in accordance with the standard set forth in the Davis-Bacon Act (prevailing wage and hour rate.)

Provides for the withholding of funds by the Commissioner in the event of noncompliance with the requirements above. Permits judical review of the Commissioner's holdings.

Requires a report from the Commissioner to the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare on the operation of this title.

Title II-School library resources and instructional materials.Authorizes $100 million for the fiscal year 1966 for use in the acquisition of school library resources and instructional material for use in public and private nonprofit elementary and secondary schools in the States. Sets forth standards for determining allotments to be made to the States under this title.

Requires those States desirous of allotments to submit to the Commissioner plans which designate an agency to administer the plan, set up a program for expenditures of the funds, set forth criteria for allocating and selecting the materials, set forth procedures to insure that the Federal assistance will not supplant but supplement State funds, provide for proper disbursement and accounting procedures to assure proper disbursement, and provide for reports deemed necessary by the Commissioner. Requires the Commissioner to approve any State plan which complies with the above provisions.