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which would require transportation of students to compensate wholly or in part for such shifts in school population so occurring.

(20 U.S.C. 1714) enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 215, 88 Stat. 517.

DISTRICT LINES

SEC. 216. In the formulation of remedies under section 213 or 214 of this part the lines drawn by a State, subdividing its territory into separate school districts, shall not be ignored or altered except where it is established that the lines were drawn for the purpose, and had the effect, of segregating children among public schools on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin.

(20 U.S.C. 1715) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 216, 88 Stat. 518.

VOLUNTARY ADOPTION OF REMEDIES

SEC. 217. Nothing in this part prohibits an educational agency from proposing, adopting, requiring, or implementing any plan of desegregation, otherwise lawful, that is at variance with the standards set out in this part nor shall any court, department, or agency of the United States be prohibited from approving implementation of a plan which goes beyond what can be required under this part, if such plan is voluntarily proposed by the appropriate educational agency.

(20 U.S.C. 1716) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 217, 88 Stat. 518.

REOPENING PROCEEDINGS

SEC. 218. A parent or guardian of a child, or parents or guardians of children similarly situated, transported to a public school in accordance with a court order, or an educational agency subject to a court order or a desegregation plan under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 in effect on the date of the enactment of this part and intended to end segregation of students on the basis of race, color, or national origin, may seek to reopen or intervene in the further implementation of such court order, currently in effect, if the time or distance of travel is so great as to risk the health of the student or significantly impinge on his or her educational process.

(20 U.S.C. 1717) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 218, 88 Stat. 518.

LIMITATION ON ORDERS

SEC. 219. Any court order requiring, directly or indirectly, the transportation of students for the purpose of remedying a denial of the equal protection of the laws may, to the extent of such transportation, be terminated if the court finds the defendant educational agency has satisfied the requirements of the fifth or fourteenth amendments to the Constitution, whichever is applicable, and will continue to be in compliance with the requirements thereof. The court of initial jurisdiction shall state in its order the basis for any decision. to terminate an order pursuant to this section, and the termination of any order pursuant to this section shall be stayed pending a final appeal or, in the event no appeal is taken, until the time for any such

appeal has expired. No additional order requiring such educational agency to transport students for such purpose shall be entered unless such agency is found not to have satisfied the requirements of the fifth or fourteenth amendments to the Constitution, whichever is applicable. (20 U.S.C. 1718) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 219, 88 Stat. 518.

Subpart 5-Definitions

SEC. 221. For the purposes of this part

(a) The term "educational agency" means a local educational agency or a "State educational agency" as defined by section 801 (k) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.

(b) The term "local educational agency" means a local educational agency as defined by section 801 (f) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.

(c) The term "segregation" means the operation of a school system in which students are wholly or substantially separated among the schools of an educational agency on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin or within a school on the basis of race, color, or national origin.

(d) The term "desegregation" means desegregation as defined by section 401 (b) of the Civil Rights Acts of 1964.

(e) An educational agency shall be deemed to transport a student if any part of the cost of such student's transportation is paid by such agency.

(20 U.S.C. 1720) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 221, 88 Stat. 518, 519.

Subpart 6-Miscellaneous Provisions

REPEALER

SEC. 222. Section 709 (a) (3) of the Emergency School Aid Act is hereby repealed.

SEPARABILITY OF PROVISIONS

SEC. 223. If any provision of this part or of any amendment made by this part, or the application of any such provision to any person or circumstance, is held invalid, the remainder of the provisions of this part and the amendments made by this part and the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

(20 U.S.C. 1721) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 223, 88 Stat. 519. PART B-OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO THE ASSIGNMENT AND TRANSPORTATION OF STUDENTS

PROHIBITION AGAINST ASSIGNMENT OR TRANSPORTATION OF STUDENTS TO OVERCOME RACIAL IMBALANCE

SEC. 251. No provision of this Act shall be construed to require the assignment or transportation of students or teachers in order to overcome racial imbalance.

(20 U.S.C. 1751) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 251, 88 Stat. 519. (Sec. 252 is an amendment to sec. 420 of the General Education Provisions Act, 20 U.S.C. 1228).

PROVISION RELATING TO COURT APPEALS

SEC. 253. Notwithstanding any other law or provision of law, in the case of any order on the part of any United States district court which requires the transfer or transportation of any student or students from any school attendance area prescribed by competent State or local authority for the purposes of achieving a balance among students with respect to race, sex, religion, or socioeconomic status, the effectiveness of such order shall be postponed until all appeals in connection with such order have been exhausted or, in the event no appeals are taken, until the time for such appeals has expired. This section shall expire at midnight on June 30, 1978.

(20 U.S.C. 1752) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 253, 88 Stat. 519, 520.

PROVISION REQUIRING THAT RULES OF EVIDENCE BE UNIFORM

SEC. 254. The rules of evidence required to prove that State or local authorities are practicing racial discrimination in assigning students to public schools shall be uniform throughout the United States.

(20 U.S.C. 1753) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 254, 88 Stat. 520.

APPLICATION OF PROVISO OF SECTION 407 (a) OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 TO THE ENTIRE UNITED STATES

SEC. 255. The proviso of section 407 (a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 providing in substance that no court or official of the United States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV, under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States, regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part of the United States.

(20 U.S.C. 1754) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 255, 88 Stat. 520.

ADDITIONAL PRIORITY OF REMEDIES

SEC. 256. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, after June 30, 1974 no court of the United States shall order the implementation of any plan to remedy a finding of de jure segregation which involves the transportation of students, unless the court first finds that all alternative remedies are inadequate.

(20 U.S.C. 1755) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93–380, sec. 256, 88 Stat. 520.

REMEDIES WITH RESPECT TO SCHOOL DISTRICT LINES

SEC. 257. In the formulation of remedies under this title the lines drawn by a State subdividing its territory into separate school dis

tricts, shall not be ignored or altered except where it is established that the lines were drawn, or maintained or crossed for the purpose, and had the effect of segregating children among public schools on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin, or where it is established that, as a result of discriminatory actions within the school districts, the lines have had the effect of segregating children among public schools on the basis of race, color, sex, or national origin.

(20 U.S.C. 1756) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 257, 88 Stat. 520.

PROHIBITION OF FORCED BUSING DURING SCHOOL YEAR

SEC. 258. (a) The Congress finds that—

(1) the forced transportation of elementary and secondary school students in implementation of the constitutional requirement for the desegregation of such schools is controversial and difficult under the best planning and administration; and

(2) the forced transportation of elementary and secondary school students after the commencement of an academic school year is educationally unsound and administratively inefficient. (b) Notwithstanding any other provisions of law, no order of a court, department, or agency of the United States, requiring the transportation of any student incident to the transfer of that student from one elementary or secondary school to another such school in a local educational agency pursuant to a plan requiring such transportation for the racial desegregation of any school in that agency, shall be effective until the beginning of an academic school year.

(c) For the purpose of this section, the term "academic school year” means, pursuant to regulations promulgated by the Commissioner, the customary beginning of classes for the school year at an elementary or secondary school of a local educational agency for a school year that occurs not more often than once in any twelve-month period.

(d) The provisions of this section apply to any order which was not implemented at the beginning of the 1974-1975 academic year. (20 U.S.C. 1757) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 258, 88 Stat. 520, 521.

REASONABLE TIME FOR DEVELOPING VOLUNTARY PLAN FOR DESEGREGATING

SCHOOLS

SEC. 259. Notwithstanding any other law or provision of law, no court or officer of the United States shall enter, as a remedy for a denial of equal educational opportunity or a denial of equal protection of the laws, any order for enforcement of a plan of desegregation or modification of a court-approved plan, until such time as the local educational agency to be affected by such order has been provided notice of the details of the violation and given a reasonable opportunity to develop a voluntary remedial plan. Such time shall permit the local educational agency sufficient opportunity for community participation in the development of a remedial plan.

(20 U.S.C. 1758) Enacted August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 259, 88 Stat. 521.

PART II-ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY PROGRAMS

Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965

TITLE I-FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES FOR THE EDUCATION OF CHILDREN OF LOW-INCOME FAMILIES 1

DECLARATION OF POLICY

SEC. 101. In recognition of the special educational needs of children of low-income families and the impact that concentrations of lowincome families have on the ability of local educational agencies to support adequate educational programs, the Congress hereby declares it to be the policy of the United States to provide financial assistance (as set forth in the following parts of this title) to local educational agencies serving areas with concentrations of children . from low-income families to expand and improve their educational programs by various means (including preschool programs) which contribute particularly to meeting the special educational needs of educationally deprived children.

(20 U.S.C. 241a) Enacted April 11, 1965, P.L. 89-10, Title I, sec. 2, 79 Stat. 27; redesignated and amended January 2, 1968, P.L. 90-247, Title I, secs. 108 (a) (2), 110, 81 Stat. 786, 787; amended April 13, 1970, P.L. 91-230, sec. 113(b)(2), 84 Stat. 126.

DURATION OF ASSISTANCE

SEC. 102. During the period beginning July 1, 1973, and ending September 30, 1978, the Commissioner shall, in accordance with the provisions of this title, make payments to State educational agencies for grants made on the basis of entitlements created under this title.

(20 U.S.C. 241b) Enacted April 11, 1965, P.L. 89-10, Title I, sec. 2, 79 Stat. 27; amended Nov. 3, 1966, P.L. 89-750, Title I, sec. 101, 80 Stat. 1191; redesignated and amended Jan. 2, 1968, P.L. 90-247, Title I, secs. 108(a) (2), 110, Title III, sec. 301(a), 81 Stat. 786, 787, 813; amended Ápril 13, 1970, P.L. 91-230, secs. 101 (a), 113(b) (3), 84 Stat. 121, 126; amended August 21, 1974, P.L. 93-380, sec. 101 (a) (1), 88 Stat. 488; amended April 21, 1976, P.L. 94-273, sec. 2(12), 90 Stat. 375.

PART A-BASIC GRANTS 2

Subpart 1-Grants to Local Educational Agencies

GRANTS-AMOUNT AND ELIGIBILITY

SEC. 103. (a) (1) There is authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year for the purpose of this paragraph 1 per centum of the

1 Section 205 (7) of Title II of P.L. 94-274 (Enacted April 21, 1976. 90 Stat. 393, 394) provides that the period of July 1, 1976, through September 30, 1976, shall be treated as part of the fiscal year beginning October 1, 1976, for the purposes of Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965.

2 Sec. 101 (a) (10) of P.L. 93-380 provides as follows:

"(10) There is authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year a sum not to exceed $15,700,000 to be allocated at the discretion of the Commissioner to assist those local education agencies whose total allocation under part A of title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 is 90 per centum or less than such allocation under such part A during the preceding fiscal year.'

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