priority. To finance this program it will be necessary to shift our military priorities and to reform our tax system. For so long we have accommodated to the outmoded trickle down theory which has not worked; we will have to have faith in a ripple theory, hoping the more productive persons will stimulate the economy. For a while we can expect a short-run dislocation as we hope for a long-term benefit. We must, however, not look at the cost alone. To inaugurate and implement the continuity of a full employment program may help America to become the Nation so many of us have idealized her to be: Of the people, by the people, for the people. Through this program of full employment we could begin to redistribute incomes, begin to erase racial hatred caused by insecurity, begin to rehabilitate ex-offenders and begin to motivate persons on the margin of society to assume their rightful roles as citizens. We realize that a full employment program is not a panacea; it can, however, be a beginning for millions who are losing hope and we endorse this beginning: Justice & Peace Center, Milwaukee; Wisconsin Catholic Conference; Executive Committee of Milwaukee Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Women; Wisconsin Network: Priests Council of Green Bay Diocese; Green Bay Diocesan Family Life Office; Office of Religious Educators of Milwaukee Archdiocese; Wisconsin Program for Women & Girl Offenders; Social Concerns Office of Diocese of Green Bay; Milwaukee Council on Urban Life; Our Lady of Lourdes Parish Community; Catholic Social Service; and The Leadership Conference of Women Religions.. Thank you very much. Mr. HAWKINS. Thank you, Sister Regina. Would you remain seated in the event that some of the members of the committee may wish to ask questions. May I before proceeding just interrupt you for just one minute for some physical adjustment. I wonder if the persons who are standing in the rear of the room would like to occupy these chairs in the jury box. The young lady nearest to the door, and the rest of those standing, if you wish, would you come up at this time and be seated up here. There are a few other chairs just in front also for any of you who would like to occupy those and the jury box. Thank you very much. Sister Regina, I think your statement is a very excellent one. I really don't think it creates many questions because I think that it is well thought through and certainly represents the organizations that you have listed. I understand that to you full employment includes a qualitative as well as a quantitative concept. Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. Yes. Mr. HAWKINS. And that you also endorse the idea of planning to reach the goal rather than simply stating the goal without any mechanism or any planning toward reaching it. Well. I certainly want to commend you on your statement. Are there any questions from any of the other members? Mr. Buchanan. Mr. BUCHANAN. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I, too, would like to commend Sister Regina for this very fine statement and to ask just one question pertaining to a portion of it. Sister, you indicated in your statement that while the problem is greater for blacks, native Americans, youth, and women, that also there are college graduates who are affected. We had testimony before this subcommittee recently from a community college president who reported that many college graduates are coming back to him to obtain skills to help them find a job because they could not find one. Would you agree that a part of the solution to this problem has to be in the educational system itself so that we are preparing people a little better for the employment opportunities that are there? Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. I agree thoroughly. I have been a college teacher until about 2 years ago and I think we have had many unrealistic goals and I think the educational system has to also look at this problem. Mr. BUCHANAN. I want to thank you again for your very fine testimony. Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. Thank you. Mr. HAWKINS. I think Mr. Clay of Missouri and then possibly Mr. Reuss of Wisconsin also have some questions. Mr. Clay. Mr. CLAY. First of all I would like to commend you, Sister, on an excellent statement and appreciate the fact that you point out that perhaps it might be costly to implement such a program that is necessary. I think that too many people in America are concerned about what it would cost to implement a full employment program and I think it is about time that we start talking in terms that you have been talking in and perhaps you might want to elaborate on what it is costing us now in terms of human suffering because we are not willing to commit ourselves financially to full employment. Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. I think it is just fitting. We are sitting here talking about full employment when people that did come in a little while ago and probably did cause somewhat of a disturbance, I think that is understandable. They perhaps are people who are suffering because they do not have a job, and as much as we can empathize we still are not in the lines looking for a job. Those of us who watched the program Welfare the other night again can understand what it is to go through redtape and come day after day to try to get a job, to have the willingness to work and the capability to work and then be termed by many of our neighbors as lazy, shiftless, not wanting to take care of ourselves, and these terms apply especially to many of our minority groups. It must be exceedingly difficult to-day in and day out-be accused of shiftlessness when jobs are just not there. I think when you look at some of the underemployment such as in the sugarcane fields in Louisiana or if you look at the Appalachian area-if you take the sugarcane fields where sugar was at its highest price and yet the people there could barely exist and were living in hovels, if you take the migrants and especially the Chavez group right now that have to fight in order to live just on a human level and they are living on subhuman levels, and this is rich America that has money to put into a B-1 bomber, that has money to put into a Trident submarine, that when the money gets into billions it is really not even considered as an enormous amount and yet these people live in this rich country and can't live on a human level. Mr. CLAY. Thank you, Sister. Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Reuss. Mr. REUSS. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I, too, thought yours was a beautiful statement, Sister. Incidentally, you have made available petitions on this bill signed by many hundreds of people. If I may, Mr. Chairman, I am going to offer those for your permanent record. Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. Thank you very much. [The petitions follow:] Hon. HENRY REUSS, Milwaukee, Wis. I commend you for sponsoring this bill and for having public hearings on it to discuss its implementation. I support the concept of full employment which guarantees the right for useful and meaningful employment to every adult American able and willing to work and sets up a comprehensive national economic program to achieve this goal. As part of achieving this goal, I endorse integrated national action to meet such needs as adequate health care for all, decent housing for every family, and the elimination of poverty. Sister Loretta Haig Sister Denise Frohmader Sister Laura Cook Sister Inez DeClercq, RN Marilyn Gundry Paula Raibley Jane Segner Mary Jo Frick Sister Joan Puls Sister Elizabeth Fiorite Charles Fischer Sister Marian Diedrick Mrs. Ambrose Hammen Gerard W. Romenesko Sister Sandy Lasecke Sister Beth Konkol Nick Jansen Louise Van Harpen Mrs. Wilma Van Dyke Sister Rita Vander Velden Sister Virginia Weiss Sister Agnes Johnson Sister Patricia Stadler Donald C. Mathes Sister Audrey Affholder Sister Caroline Diderrich Sister Celia Evers Sister Jean Watt Sister Edna Mae Weldgen Sister Rose Martin Sister Mary Bernice Flaherty Margaret Muier Viola Aures Alice McCormick Sister Mary Matthew Sister Marie Louise Chateau S. Mary Raynoha Betty Dickermann Sister Margaret Baumgartner Sister Colman Keeley, OSF Sister Judene Walsh David R. Hansen Sister Ceila Freiburger Donald S. Herrar Mrs. Philip Trimberger Sister Patricia Pechauer Sister Alphonsa Puls Sister Marietta Hanus Sister Mauritia McNamee John Tauscher Jean Ferstl Anne Morehouse Joann Blomme Sister Mary Gabriel Van Dreel Sister M. Bertrand Lui Sister Raphael Houlehan Randall Farnum S. Rose Stashek Sister Betty Reinders Sister Mary Rose Menting Sister Mary Ann Maradik Roger L. Post Sister M. Bertha Nowak Sister Marian Schreiner Sister Lucy Rudolf Sister Virginia Schwartz, OSM Sister Bertrand Lui Sister Ada Marie Harner Sister Basilia Trepanier Sister Agnes Ballweg Sister Marie Gertrude Mlodzik Sister Regis F. Butler Sister Alice Rademacher Alice Deery Royal Deery Cletus G. Freiburger Sister Jane Eschwiler, S.D.S. Sister Cecilia Selu O.P. Sister Emma Hoffman Sister Melissa Locken Sister Mary Jo Wamer Sister Ellen Diez Sister Sigolena Vogel Sister Karen Vollmer, O.P. Sister Genesia Ginter, O.S.F. Sister Pat Mary Daniels, O.S.F. Sr. Catherine Holthaus Sister Mary Alexander Sister Martha Komendy Sister M. Annette Bunzel Sister M. Modestine Schoenborn Sr. Alverna Marie Sr. Engratia Sr. Gundrada Sister Bunadette Hauser Sister Martha Mary Grohall Sister Florida van den Daele Sister M. Belina Zehetbauer Sister M. Trudberta Sister Acutina Sister Anna Marie Harris Sister Augustella Sutter Sister Dofrosa Homes Sister Valencia van Driel Sr. Lumbrosia Rasche Sister Leomitis Shefchik Sister Thomasine Nels, O.S.F. S. Patricia Michaelin Woeckner Sister Viola Blissenbach Sister Gratiana Sister Antonetta Sr. Agnes Rose Pint Sr. Leonard Kreidermacher Sister Regina Gebhard Sister Cecelia Ann Rencht Sister Margaret Recefer Sister M. Gemma Sister Alvernia Sister Margaret Ann Schlenz Sister M. Ruth Hilda, O.S.F. Sr. Hubertine Vollmer Sr. Anastasius Hill Sr. Deodigna Schirra Sr. Rose Marie Dischler Margaret M'Coy Mrs. Rita Hoppenjan Sr. Mary Agnes Gloudeman Mr. REUSS. I would ask just one question. You say that the cost of an effective full employment program will be high and, of course, initially it would be. Is it not a fact, however, that if we did have something like full employment in this country we would then have a balanced budget? Would not the savings on unnecessary welfare costs, unemployment compensation, food stamps, and many other related programs, transform people from people who eat taxes into people. who pay taxes? Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. Yes. People will be taxpayers and with dignity can help support the country. Mr. REUSS. Thank you very much. Mr. HAWKINS. Thank you, Mr. Reuss. Sister REGINA WILLIAMS. Thank you. Mr. HAWKINS. At this point we will insert in the record the statement of Mr. Charles M. Phillips, executive director of the Wisconsin Catholic Conference. [The statement follows:] PREPARED STATEMENT OF CHARLES M. PHILLIPS, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, WISCONSIN CATHOLIC CONFERENCE-PRESENTED BY: SR. LOIS VANDERBEKE O.P. I am Lois Vanderbeke, here this morning to represent Mr. Charles Phillips, Executive Director of the Wisconsin Catholic Conference. Mr. Phillips is unable to appear in person because of a previous commitment in Stevens Point where he is meeting with a state-wide committee working on the Catholic Church's Bicentennial program of Liberty and Justice For All. In a specific way the Wisconsin Catholic Conference's support of H.R. 50 promotes the Church's Bicentennial theme of Liberty and Justice For All because this bill asks us as a nation to re-establish our priorities and to unite in a common effort to achieve a goal which could have a substantial good effect on our society. The Catholic Church has a long tradition of concern for employment opportunities, and Catholic teachings on economic justice are rich with the recurrent theme of man's "right to work". In the bleak depression year of 1931, Pope Pius XI issued his encyclical On Restructuring the Social Order, and stressed the importance of society providing "the opportunity to work for those who are able and willing to work". Pope John XXIII, the well known, beloved Pontiff of the early 60s said in his encyclical message, Peace on Earth "If we turn our attention to the economic sphere, it is clear that man has a right by the natural law to an opportunity to work . In 1965 the second Vatican Council issued an important document, The Church in the Modern World. This document remains primarily a synthesis of Catholic thinking as laid down in many sources but particularly in the vast body of papal |