Implications of the Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change: Hearing Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Fifth Congress, Second Session, February 11, 1998, Volume 4U.S. Government Printing Office, 1998 - 92 pages |
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Page 10
... efficient and effective as possible to meet their needs . I have already met with industry and I have told them : you ... efficiency of today's cars in a recent announcement by the chairman and CEO of General Motors about his goal for a ...
... efficient and effective as possible to meet their needs . I have already met with industry and I have told them : you ... efficiency of today's cars in a recent announcement by the chairman and CEO of General Motors about his goal for a ...
Page 12
... efficiency standard . One of the things we have said to these coun- tries is if you are concerned about your own stage of industrializa- tion , then you ought to be concerned also about energy efficiency and sustainable development . We ...
... efficiency standard . One of the things we have said to these coun- tries is if you are concerned about your own stage of industrializa- tion , then you ought to be concerned also about energy efficiency and sustainable development . We ...
Page 16
... efficiency . They are al- ready very close to meeting the 1990 targets . Now , admittedly some of it is because of base closings . But they have put in real energy efficiency . So I don't want you to misunder- stand . Obviously , those ...
... efficiency . They are al- ready very close to meeting the 1990 targets . Now , admittedly some of it is because of base closings . But they have put in real energy efficiency . So I don't want you to misunder- stand . Obviously , those ...
Page 22
... happens with respect to energy efficiency and of national security . We have become far more energy dependent on foreign oil , not less , since the Gulf War . We fought a war over oil only a few years ago . And , even as we become more 22.
... happens with respect to energy efficiency and of national security . We have become far more energy dependent on foreign oil , not less , since the Gulf War . We fought a war over oil only a few years ago . And , even as we become more 22.
Page 23
... efficient and less dependent . That increases the national security of the United States . So the upside benefits it seems to me also need to be put on the table . Mr. Chairman , I thank you for your indulgence . I won't ask ques- tions ...
... efficient and less dependent . That increases the national security of the United States . So the upside benefits it seems to me also need to be put on the table . Mr. Chairman , I thank you for your indulgence . I won't ask ques- tions ...
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achieve Administration Administration's advice and consent agree agreement Ambassador EIZENSTAT amendment analysis Annex I countries Annex I Parties Answer Article baseline benefits budget Buenos Aires carbon dioxide carbon sinks Chairman Change Technology Initiative Clean Development Mechanism Climate Change Technology Committee compliance costs coun developing nations developing world domestic economic effort electricity emissions reductions emissions targets emissions trading energy efficiency environmental estimates European Union flexibility Framework Convention global warming going greenhouse gas emissions impact increase international emissions trading international trading IPCC issue Janet Yellen joint implementation key developing countries Kyoto Conference Kyoto Protocol levels meaningful participation meet ment million multilateral negotiations nuclear obligations partnership PNGV President President's October projects proposal Question ratification reduce greenhouse gas Secretary sector Senate Resolution 98 Senator GRAMS Senator HAGEL Senator Kerry sinks sions sulfur hexafluoride tax credit Thank tion treaty U.S. delegation U.S. Senate United
Popular passages
Page 42 - Programme, concluded in 1995 that "the balance of evidence suggests that there is a discernible human influence on global climate.
Page 64 - Senate that — (1) the United States should not be a signatory to any protocol to, or other agreement regarding, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change of 1992, at negotiations in Kyoto in December 1997, or thereafter, which would — (A) mandate new commitments to limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions for the Annex I Parties...
Page 54 - Parties, unless the protocol or other agreement also mandates new specific scheduled commitments to limit or reduce greenhouse gas emissions for Developing Country Parties within the same compliance period...
Page 83 - ... and hydrofluorocarbons. These limits apply to the 38 so-called Annex I countries, which are the industrialized countries, defined to include Russia, Ukraine, and most Eastern European countries. Under the Kyoto Protocol, each industrial country's baseline is its 1990 emissions of CO,, methane, and N2O and its choice of 1990 or 1995 levels of the other three categories of gases.
Page 85 - SO2 experience demonstrates clearly how programs like international permit trading, Joint Implementation, and the Clean Development Mechanism will lead firms to find cheaper ways of reducing emissions that can lead to unexpectedly low costs.
Page 85 - The third type of flexibility, and perhaps the most important, is "where flexibility" (international). As I have already emphasized, emissions have the same environmental consequences regardless of where in the world they occur. Therefore, the least-cost approach to controlling climate change is to reduce emissions wherever such reductions are cheapest. The Kyoto Protocol, because of US insistence and persistence, includes three important cost-saving...
Page 87 - To give away the punch line, our conclusion is as follows: the net costs of our policies to •educe emissions are likely to be small, assuming those reductions are undertaken in an efficient manner and we are successful in securing meaningful developing country participation as well as effective international trading, and the Clean Development Mechanism in future negotiations. That potential small net premium, even excluding the benefits of mitigating climate change, in...
Page 83 - US negotiating position. The targets for the European Union and Japan are 8 percent and 6 percent below 1990 levels, respectively. Australia, New Zealand, Norway, Russia, and Ukraine all have limits somewhat less ambitious when phrased as cuts relative to their 1990 levels. In sum, over the period from 2008 to 2012, the industrial countries are expected to reduce their average emissions of greenhouse gases to about 5 percent below their 1990 levels. The President has made clear that he will not submit...
Page 61 - ... aggregate anthropogenic carbon dioxide equivalent emissions of the greenhouse gases listed in annex A do not exceed their assigned amounts, calculated pursuant to their quantified emission limitation and reduction commitments inscribed in annex B...
Page 70 - ... the developed country Parties. 4. The developed country Parties and other developed Parties included in annex II shall also assist the developing country Parties that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change in meeting costs of adaptation to those adverse effects.