scheme agreed upon, which included the improving of agriculture by providing technical advice for farmers. The general character of the scheme was indicated in a Circular issued by the Board on August 25, 1911. In order to secure the services of a number of carefully trained men for work in connection with the scheme, the Board proposed in each of the years 1911, 1912, 1913 to offer 12 scholarships of the value of £150 per annum tenable for three years. Having regard to the institutions available as centres, the Board arranged the counties of England and Wales in 12 "provinces,,, and have obtained a grant of £12000 per annum from the Development Fund, which will be employed in providing trained specialists in each area. A sum, not exceeding in the aggregate £30 000 per annum, has been set aside to provide aid for two Research Institutions for Plant Breeding, two for Animal Pathology, two for Agricultural Zoology, one Research Institution and two ou three local experimental gardens for Fruit Growing and one Research Institution for each of the II groups of subjects mentioned, other than Animal Breeding. A sum, not exceeding £3000 per annum. will be given in Special Grants for Research. "Interim Grants,, to the amount of £9 263 were made to various Institutions from 1911-1912 to assist in the continuance of work already begun. The Treasury has sanctioned a payment from the Development Fund of £12 000 per annum to be distributed as grants for the purpose of assisting certain Institutions in England and Wales to supply technical advice to farmers and to provide for the investigation of local agricultural problems. The Board draws attention to the fact, that in order to gain the confidence of the farmers, it is necessary to convince them that the Staff of such Institutions is able to advise, not merely in regard to the general principles of cultivation and management, but also as to difficulties which lie outside ordinary experience and may need. exhaustive investigation and patient research. The Report gives as Appendix I, an account of the constitution and work of each Agricultural Institution which receives a grant, and the memoranda connected with the scheme are given in extenso. 453 The Practical Rural Economy of the Royal Agricultural Colleges and Agricultural Schools in Hungary, 1909-1911. NYÁRÁDY, JÁNOS.: in Köztelek, No. 23, pp. 805-806. Budapest, March 22, 1913. For about four years the State Agricultural Schools and Colleges have been endeavouring to increase their revenues as much as possible, both with a view to augmenting their receipts and also to afford their students a practical object lesson. The writer sets forth (according to the very carefully kept books of these institutions) the system of agricultural economy practised by professional institutions in general, their stock of cattle, implements, crops and revenues, as well as their budget and the balance of agricultural operations during the period 1909-1910-1911. Year There are 5 State Agricultural Colleges and 19 Schools in Hungary. The total area cultivated by these institutions is 15 767 acres, of which 2 366 acres belong to the State, 5 172 acres are placed gratuitonsly at its disposal by private individuals, and 8 228 acres are rented. The institutes have proved that there is no bad soil, having brought into bearing completely exhausted soils (belonging to the second category above) by means of long and costly operations of clearing and improvement. Of the total area, 11 916 acres are under farm crops, 394 acres are gardens, 2 867 acres are forest, while 354 acres are worked by the students and 236 acres are turned to varions uses. There are 7867 acres of arable land, of which the following areas have been manured: 1911 The use of chemical manures is becoming increasingly general. The following table gives the yields per acre of the chief crops: cwt. 3.8 36.0 20.7 22.8 42.9 II.I cwt. 5.0 36.4 24.0 22.5 41.1 19.5 3.9 30.4 19.3 23.2 35.3 16.2 (1) A mixture of vetches and cereals. (Ed.) The cereal crops are used primarily to supply the various institutions, the surplus being kept for seed or else sold. The total number of live stock was as follows. This total was somewhat modified during the three years by purchases from abroad and at home; in order to mect present requirements, the Institutes are about to acquire first-rate breeding stock of all kinds. The total capital of the Institutes increased by £ 16 170 from 1909 to the end of 1911. It was divided between the three years as follows: 454 The Agricultural College at Grignon (France). BRETIGNIÈRE, L. : in La Vie agricole et rurale, Year 2. No. 15, pp. 405-409. Paris, March 15, 1913. A short account of the history of the Grignon Agricultural College; the advantages offered to the students by the estate and agricultural industries attached to the College. 455 The Canadian Experimental Farms Report for the Year ending March 31st 1912. Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, 1912. This is the most comprehensive report so far issued by the Department of Agriculture at Ottawa, as it deals with every phase of Canadian agricultural activity, The first 230 pages are devoted to the reports of officials whose head quarters are at the Central Farm at Ottawa, the remaining 216 pages dealing with experiments and investigations that are being carried on at the ten Branch Farms and Stations distributed over the different provinces. The Dominion Agriculturist, J. H. Grisdale, deals with the live stock and rotation experiments at the Central Farm, giving some interesting detailed tables of costs of working and production: amongst these may be mentioned that of the dairy herd, where it is shown that yields varying from 3000 lbs. to II 000 lbs. of milk per head per lactation period were obtained at a cost varying from 2s 6d to 5s 4d per 100 lbs. of milk. The data of the rotation experiments are also most complete, the returns per acre for each crop and for the whole rotation affording interesting comparisons. The net profits per acre vary from 22s to 38s under the different systems. The Dominion Cerealist, Dr. C. E. Saunders, announces a new wheat which promises to become of great value in the more northerly sections of Canada as it ripens fully a week earlier than Marquis. This new variety, which has been named « Prelude », is also a good yielder and ranks very high in baking strength. The Report of the Dominion Chemist, Dr. F. T. Shutt, is dealt with separately (I). The Horticulturist. the Entomologist, the Botanist, and the Poultry Manager all present reports of the work done during the year in their respective branches. The reports of the Superintendents of the branch farms and stations are of special value to farms in the varions provinces and districts served, as the work undertaken, in each case, is planned to study the local problems of crop and live stock production. pp. 49-51, and 59. Barbados, February 15, 1913. This article sets forth the great advantages which a Tropical University on the spot offers to colonists and gives the reasons which make the British West Indies an especially suitable place for the establishment of such a University. In the same number of the Agricultural News, the article from the Times of January 23, entitled "The Case for a Tropical University" is given in extenso. 457 The Work of the Agricultural Association of Tunis. - L'Association agricole, Bullettin Mensuel de l'Office du Gouvernement Tunisien, Year VII, No. 63, pp. 23-24, Paris, February 15, 1913. The Agricultural Association of Tunis has been divided into two sections, owing to the extent of its field of operations and in order to give sufficient scope to its developing energy. These two sections are entitled. the Central Co-operative Society (Coopérative centrale), which deals with the business transactions connected with trade; and the Tunisian Farmers' Society (Société des Agriculteurs de la Tunisie), which occupies itself with technical agricultural questions. In 1912 the latter studied and dealt with many important matters, such as the organisation of markets of the nature of exhibitions, the founding of insurance companies, and the use of mechanical power for ploughing. (1) See below, No, 474. (Ed.). AGRICULTURAL AGRICULTURAL SHOWS AND CONGRESSES So far, the Association has established 26 Agricultural Credit Banks, of which the turnover in 1912 amounted to £ 95 360. It is proposed. during the current year, to oper. 10 Agricultural credit Banks for natives, each with 20 to 30 members. Three Breeders' Associations have been established at Beja, Munchar, and Medjez-el-Bab; while others are to be started in the near future. The question of the advantages of forming associations for mechanical ploughing and of the creation of Long-Credit Societies requires further consideration. The Council of the Committee of the «Coopérative centrale » is also occupied with the important work of forming Associations for the purchase of manures and for the sale of cereals. 458 The Necessary Changes in the Organisation of the Procedure Relating to the Sub-division and Re-adjustment of Holdings. - PLAHN: in Deutsche Landwirtshaftliche Presse, Year XXX, No. 9, pp. 99-100. Berlin, January 29, 1913. The writer wishes that the procedure relating to the readjustment of holdings should be altered in the following three important particulars: 1) The General Commissions shonld no longer. as heretofore, exercise legislative and executive powers, but that these functions should be entirely separate. 2) The execution of the designs should not be entrusted to the Special Commissioner (as a rule only a legal specialist), but should devolve by law upon the technical expert who surveys the land. 3) All the owners of property interested in the matter should have the right of a Public Company to negotiate a common loan. 459 The Formation of Horticultural Committees in the Prussian Chambers of Agriculture. Zentralblatt der Preussischen Landwirtschaftskammern, Year 12. No. 9, pp. 63-64. Berlin, March 3, 1913. A Ministerial Decree of January 28 advises the formation of Horticultural Committees in the Chambers of Agriculture in Prussia, and gives suggestions as to their composition and duties. Agricultural Shows. Argentine Republic. 1913. Oct. 12-17. Corrientes. Agricultural, Live Stock, and Indusrial Show, organised by the Sociedad Correntina de Hacendados ». Australia: New South Wales. 1313. July 17-18. -- The Deniliquin Pastoral and Agricultural Society. L. Harrison, Secretary. Aug. 19-12. Wagga. Murrumbidgee Pastoral and Agricultural Association. A. F. D. White, Secretary. Aug. 26-28 Gunnedah Pastoral, Agricultural and Horticultural Association. M. C. Tweedie, Secretary. Aug. 27-28. Parkes Pastoral, Agricultural and Horticultural Association G. W. Sea- Sept. 2-3. Ariah Park Pastoral, Agricultural, Horticultural and Industrial Association |