nursery stock at port of entry; the person receiving such stock at port of entry shall, immediately upon entry and before such stock is delivered for shipment or removed from the port of entry, advise the Secretary of Agriculture or, at his direction, the proper State, territorial, or district official of the State or territory or the district to which such nursery is destined, or both, as the Secretary of Agriculture may elect, of the name and address of the consignee, the nature and quantity of the stock it is proposed to ship, and the country and locality where the same was grown. The same formalities are required for the transport from one State to another of the United States of any imported nursery stock, unless and until such imported stock has been inspected by the proper official.

Secs. 3 and 4. The packages containing nursery stock shall be plainly and correctly marked to show the general nature and quantity of the contents, the country and locality where the same was grown, the name and address of the person shipping or forwarding the same, and the name and address of the consignee.

The same formalities are necessary for the transport from one State or territory or district of the United States into any other State or territory or district of any such imported nursery stock, unless it has been inspected by the proper official.

Sec. 5. Whenever the Secretary of Agriculture shall determine that the unrestricted importation of any plants, fruits, vegetables, roots, bulbs, seeds, or other plant products not included by the term nursery stock" as defined in section six of this Act may result in the entry into the United States or any of its territories or districts of injurious plant diseases or insect pests, he shall promulgate his determination, specifying the class of plants and plant products the importation of which shall be restricted and the country and locality where they are grown, and thereafter, and until such promulgation is withdrawn, such plants and plant products shall be subject to all the provisions of the foregoing sections of this Act; provided, that before the Secretary of Agriculture shall issue such promulgation, he shall, after due notice, give a public hearing, at which any interested party may appear and be heard, either in person or by attorney.

Sec. 6. - The term nursery stock" shall include all field-grown florists' stock, trees, shrubs, vines, cuttings, grafts, scions, buds, fruit pits and other seeds of fruit and ornamental trees or shrubs, and other plants and plant products for propagation, except field, vegetable, and flower seeds, bedding plants, and other herbaceous plants, bulbs, and roots. Sec. 7. Whenever, in order to prevent the introduction into the United States of any tree, plant, or fiuit disease or of any injurious insect, new to or not theretofore widely prevalent or distributed within and throughout the United States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall determine that it is necessary to forbid the importation into the United States of any class of nursery stock or of any other class of plants or plant products, and notwithstanding that such class of plants or plant products be accompanied by a certificate of inspection from the country

of importation, before the Secretary of Agriculture shall issue such promulgation, he shall, after due notice to interested parties, give a public hearing, at which any interested party may appear and be heard, either in person or by attorney; provided further, that the quarantine provisions of this section, as applying to the white-pine blister rust (Peridermium strobi), potato wart (Chrysophlyctis endobiotica = Syn chytrium endobioticum), and the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capi tata), shall become and be effective upon the passage of this Act.

Sec. 8. The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to quarantine any State, territory, or district of the United States, when he shall determine the fact that a dangerous plant disease or insect infestation, new to or not theretofore widely prevalent or distributed within and throughout the United States, exists in such State, territory or district; notice of such quarantine shall be given to interested parties and to the press. The quarantined State or territory or district shall not export plants or parts of plants unless they shall have conformed to the provisions taken in this connection by the Secretary of Agriculture and which refer to the inspection, disinfection, certification, and method and manner of delivery and shipment of the class of goods; provided, that before the Secretary of Agriculture shall promulgate that it is necessary to quarantine any State, territory, or district, he shall, after due notice, give a public hearing at which any interested party may appear and be heard, either in person or by attorney.

Sec. 9. The Secretary of Agriculture shall make and promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary for carrying out the purposes of this Act.

Sections 10 and II establish the penalties incurred by offenders against this Act. They consist of fines not exceeding $500 (about £100) and of terms of imprisonment not exceeding one year.

Sec. 12 appoints a Federal Horticultural Board for the purpose of earrying out the provisions of this Act.

Sec. 13 appropriates the sum of $25 000 (about £5000) for the purposes and objects of this Act.

Sec. 14.

This Act shall become and be effective from and after the first day of October, nineteen hundred and twelve.

2* - The following Regulations concerning the importation of nursery stock were made by the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States on September 18th, 1912.

Definition. See Section 6 of the said law. Furthermore, "All woody plants and parts thereof for propagation or planting are included within the term nursery stock.'

Permits for Importation. - Persons wishing to import nursery stock must apply to the Secretary of Agriculture for a permit, stating the general nature and quantity of the nursery stock, the State, district or locality where grown, the name and address of the exporter, together with the name and address of the importer in the United States and the proposed port of entry. Applications for permits should be made in advance

of the shipment of the nursery stock, but if, through no fault of the importer, stock shall arrive before the issue of a permit, the stock will be held in customs custody at the risk and expense of the importer for a period not exceeding ten days, pending the issue of a permit.

On approval by the Secretary of Agriculture of an application for the importation of nursery stock from countries which mantain nursery stock inspection, a permit will be issued. Permits will expire on the 30th day of June of the year following the date of issue.

Entry of Nursery Stock. - Entry of nursery stock will not be allowed unless accompained by a certificate issued by a duly authorised official of the country from which it is shipped, stating that it has been thoroughly inspected by him, and was found to be free from injurious plant. diseases and insect pests. In the case of stock to be shipped between October 1st and May 31st this inspection must be made on or after October Ist, and for stock shipped during the growing season inspection must be made not more than 30 days prior to date of shipment. Until July 31st, 1913, however, the usual inspection certificate covering the previous growing season will be accepted. When the country from which any nursery stock is shipped maintains no official inspection, articles for which a permit has been issued will be admitted only through the ports of New York, San Francisco, Seattle, Jacksonville and New Orleans, after examination by inspectors of the Department of Agriculture at the port of arrival, if found to be free from plant diseases and insect pests.

Nursery stock, if found infected, may be treated or destroyed, as circumstances require.

Foreign Certificate of Inspection. - Certificates of inspection will be accepted if countersigned by duly authorised officials of foreign countries or their agents. On and after July 1st, 1912, certificates must give the date of inspection, name of the grower, the district or locality and country where grown, a statement that the stock has been inspected by a duly authorised official, and been found, or believed to be, free from dangerous insects and plant diseases, and must bear the name of the responsible inspection official for the country of origin.

Declaration. On and after December 1st, 1912, all shipments of nursery stock to the United States from countries which maintain an official system of nursery stock inspection must be accompanied by a declaration of the shipper, produced before an American consular officer. The declaration must contain a statement by the shipper that he believes the nursery stock to contain no injurious plant diseases or insect pests, the district or locality and country where grown, the name of the grower, the port of origin, and destination of the consignment, the date of inspection of the stock, and the name of the inspector, and the number of the permit issued by the Secretary of Agriculture.

On and after December 1st, 1912, consular invoices covering shipments of nursery stock to the United States must bear the number of the

permit issued by the Secretary of Agriculture, and have attached to them the shipper's declaration.

3*- Notice No. I prohibits the importation into the United States from Great Britain, France, Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Russia, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Italy, until further notice, of the following species and their horticultural varieties, viz., white pine (Pinus strobus L.), western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.), sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.), and stone or cembrian pine (Pinus cembra L.). The object of this prohibition is to prevent the introduction into the United States of the tree disease known as "white pine blister rust" (Peridermium Strobi Kleb.).

4* Notice No. 2 prohibits the movement from the Territory of Hawaii into any other State of the United States of America of Alligator pears, Carambolas, Chinese inkberry, Chinese orange, Chinese plums, Coffee berries, Damson plums, Eugenias, Figs, Grapes, Grapefruit, Green peppers, Guavas, Kamani seeds, Kumquats, Limes, Loquats, Mangos, Mock orange, Mountain apple, Natal or Kaffir plum, Oranges, Papaya, Peaches, Persimons, Prickley pears, Rose apple, Star apple, String beans, and Tomatoes. The object of this prohibition is to prevent the introduction into other States of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Ceratitis capitata), which is new to and not widely prevalent in the United States.

5* Notice No. 3 prohibits the importation into the United States, until further notice, of the common or Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) from Newfoundland, the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon, Great Britain and Ireland, Germany and Austria-Hungary, where the disease known as potato wart, potato canker, black scab, etc. (Chrysophlyctis endobiotica Schilb., Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Perc.) is declared to exist.

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6* Notice No.4 quarantines the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Rhode Island for Gipsy Moth (Porthetria dispar) and the States of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island for Brown-Tail Moth (Euproctis chrysorrhoea).

The interstate movement of 1) coniferous trees, such as spruce fir, hemlock, pine, juniper (cedar) and arbor-vitæ (white cedar) and parts thereof, and decorative plants, such as holly and laurel, and 2) forest plant products, including logs, tan bark, pcsts, poles, railroad ties, cordwood and lumber, and field-grown florist's stock, trees, shrubs, vines, cuttings and other plants and plant products for planting and propagation, excepting buds, fruit pits, seeds of fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs, field, vegetable and flower seeds, bedding plants and other herbaceous plants and roots, from the quarantined areas is prohibited until plants and plant products have been inspected by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and pronounced free from the said insect pests.

183 The Congress of the "Defensa Agricola " at Montevideo (Uruguay) in April 1913.

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Communication from the Director of the "Defensa Agricola of Montevideo to the International Institute of Agriculture.

Owing to the initiative of the "Ministerio de Industrias the Congress of the "Defensa Agricola will be held at Montevideo in April 1913. Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil and Chile have been invited to send delegates.

The following are the subjects proposed for discussion:

a) The control of locusts.

1. Given the present knowledge respecting the permanent and subpermanent zones where locusts occur, is collective international action possible in these districts?

2. The contribution of each State for the purpose of ascertaining whether there exist in their respective territories centres of distribution of locusts.

3. The form which co-operative international action against such centres could take, should such action appear desirable.

4. The proportion and the manner in which each State could participate in such action.

5. Is it best to adopt an official scheme of a permanent character, or to treat each case as it occurs and in the manner which seems most Suitable?

6. Measures for ascertaining the existence of other species of migratory locusts, besides Schistocerca paranensis, against which it is necessary to generalize the international measures of control. The information already in the possession of the Congress and any further data which are communicated respecting the existence of any at present undetermined species in the districts of South, North and West Brazil, in the States of Rio Janeiro, Paraná, Matto-Grosso, Parayba and Rio Grande di Norte. The manner of completing the investigations on this point.

7. The methods of controlling locusts practised in different countries and especially in those represented at the Congress. Methods of destruction mechanical, physical (fire) and toxic. Biological agents. The utility of communicating generally the methods and systems of destruction in the case of auxiliary, or collective intervention, or of co-operative work for the destruction of the pests, especially in neighbouring countries.

b) Auxiliary telegraphic assistance.

8. The institution of an international telegraphic service, using the same code, for daily information respecting the condition and movements of the locusts.

9. The advisability of extending this service, and using it also for other purposes, such as for giving information concerning other agricultural pests.

10. Places which might serve as centres of information and where