(f) Provided, as far as possible, subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Interior, for the education of residents who are citizens of the United States of the age of twenty-one years or more or resident aliens of the age of forty-five years or more who are illiterate or unable to understand, speak, read, or write the English language;

(g) Require the preparation and submission to the Secretary of the Interior, annually, of rules and regulations designed to enforce the provisions of such State laws and the rules and regulations of the Secretary of the Interior;

(h) Require the submission annually to the Secretary of the Interior a report which shall show (1) plan for administration and supervision, (2) courses of study, (3) methods and kind of instruction, (4) equipment, (5) qualifications of teachers, supervisors, directors of education, and other necessary administrative officers or employees, (6) plans for the preparation of teachers, supervisors, or directors of education, and (7) receipts and expenditures of money for the preceding fiscal year.

Provided, That if the governor of any state, the legislature of which does not convene before the year 1921, shall accept the provisions of this Act and cause such co-operation with the Secretary of the Interior as herein provided, such state shall be entitled to the benefits of this Act, and the Secretary of the Interior may cause to be expended in such state, until the legislature of such state convenes and has been in session sixty days, so much of the sums allotted to that state for the fiscal year as he may determine necessary for the purpose of this Act: And further provided: That any appropriation or donation by a county, municipality, local authority, school, corporation, partnership, society or individual available for the purposes of this Act under the direction of the state board of education or chief school officer of the state may be accepted by the Secretary of the Interior as an appropriation by the state.

6. That none of the sums herein appropriated, or appropriated or made available by or in any of the states, territories or possessions to carry out the provisions of this Act shall be used for the education of persons of less than sixteen years of age, or, except as provided by section 3, for any purpose other than the payment of salaries of teachers, supervisors, or directors of education, or for the preparation of teachers, supervisors, and directors of education.

7. That the Secretary of the Interior shall (a) withhold the unpaid portion of an allotment to any state whenever he determines that any portion of the sums allotted are not being applied for the purposes of this Act, or may (b) deduct from the next succeeding allotment to any state a sum equal to that portion of the previous allotment paid to the state and which ho determines has not been expended for the purposes of this act: Provided, That no such deduction shall be ma le until one year after the opening of the first legislative session convened in such state after the passage of this act.

§ 8. That any portion of an allotment to any state which remains unpaid at the end of a fiscal year shall be treated as an unexpended balance of the appropriation of that year.

§ 9. That the Secretary of the Interior shall annually ascertain whether the several states are using or are prepared to use the money allotted to or received by them under this Act, and shall certify, on or before the tenth day of August of each year, to the Secretary of the Treasury (a) each state which has accepted the provisions of this act and complied therewith; (b) the amount which each state is entitled to receive.

§ 10. That the Secretary of the Treasury upon the certification of the Secretary of the Interior shall pay on the 15th of August, November, February and May of each year to the custodian of such sums in each state the money to which it is entitled under the provisions of this Act. The money so received by the state shall be paid out on the requisition of the department of education or chief school officer for services already rendered or expenditures already incurred and approved by such department or officer.

§ 11. That the Secretary of the Interior shall make such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act, and may co-operate with any department or agency of the government and request such agencies to co-operate with him and with the several states.

12. That the Secretary of the Interior shall make a report to Congress before December 1st of each year of all operations, expenditures, and allotments under the provisions of this Act, and shall include therein the reports made by the several states on the administration of this Act and the expenditure of money alloted.

ALIENS

AMERICANIZATION OF

Mr. KENYON, from the Committee on Education and Labor, submitted the following

REPORT

(To accompany S. 3315)

The Committee on Education and Labor unanimously support S. 3315. The purpose of the bill is to consider a program of Americanizing illiterates and those unable to speak, read, or write the English language. The theory of the bill is the process of stimulating the states to adopt certain compulsory teaching of English to illiterates and to that great body of those in this country who can not speak, read, or write the English language. The money appropriated is apportioned by the Secretary of the Interior among the several states in the ratio provided by the bill but is not turned over to any state unless the state provides for the teaching of English at least 200 hours per annum to all residents who are citizens of the United States sixteen years of age or over and under twenty-one, and all residents of more than six months who are aliens sixteen years of age or over and under forty-five. When we realize that there are practically 8,000,000 people in this country above ten years of age who cannot speak our language, the seriousness of the problem is apparent. This will be the first step in correcting this situation.

Under date of April 5, 1920, Senator Kenyon wrote the Committee as follows:

"The Americanization Bill has passed the Senate and is in the House Committee on Education. It seems to be held up there."

CHAPTER II

Americanization Programs

1. AMERICANIZATION CONFERENCE

Extract from "Americanization" for June 1, 1919, published monthly by the Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education, Americanization Division:

"With a program embracing the educational, racial, industrial, and social aspects of a nation-wide Americanization movement, several hundred men and women from all sections of the country spent four days in Washington, May 12-15, comparing methods, ideas, and experiences used in their work among the foreign-born elements of the population. The gathering assembled in response to the invitation issued by the Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior, to specialists and workers in Americanization to get together and contribute their knowledge to the government toward the working out of a nation-wide program for the assimilation of this foreign-born element."

CONFERENCE SUPPLEMENT TO AMERICANIZATION WHAT THE CONFERENCE DEVELOPED ABOUT AMERICANIZATION

WASHINGTON, D. C., June 1, 1919.

DIGEST OF PROGRAM ADDRESSES MADE BEFORE Conference of AMERICANIZATION SPECIALISTS AND WORKERS HELD IN WASHINGTON MAY 12TH-15TH

Such abstracts of those papers presented to the Conference of Americanization specialists and workers held in Washington May 12-15 under the auspices of the Department of the Interior which are herewith given cannot pretend to include the full thought of the speaker. These digests were made for those who could not journey to Washington to enjoy the sessions but who may be helped by a general resume of the thought expressed at that gathering.

Purposes of the Conference

FRED C. BUTLER, Director of Americanization

We now find ourselves facing the future with a nation fully aroused to the importance of a real Americanization and eager

to undertake the work. Calls now coming to the Americanization Division say, "We are ready for work. Just how shall we go about it?" It was to answer this question that this conference was called. No man is wise enough to lay out a program for Americanization and set forth the exact ways in which this great task can be done. We felt that this must come out of the valuable lessons you men and women have learned who have been doing this work for many years past.

The opinions crystallized here will be made the basis of our plans and subjects for special bulletins. The proceedings may possibly be issued in full and made available to you at once for such help as you can get from them.

The war has left us no greater task than that of bringing into full fellowship those among us who were born in other lands. That this must be done sympathetically and with a broad and tolerant understanding goes without saying. It is everywhere recognized that any real program of Americanization must take into consideration the shortcomings of us of native birth if we are to build a true and enduring democracy. We can succeed only if we approach our task with hearts beating in sympathy with the needs of our fellow men, with a vision unclouded by the hates and passions of war, "with charity toward all and malice toward none." Unless we are ourselves convinced that these people from other lands are desirable, potential Americans, that we need them here, that they come not with empty hands but with arts, crafts, sciences, music, and ideals which will add to the wealth of our common heritage, unless we feel that to us is given not so much a duty as a great opportunity, we shall fail. For ours is first of all a human problem.

To those who gave up their hearthstones, their homeland, the ties of love and consanguinity to begin life anew in a strange land, speaking a strange tongue, we are to interpret America.

Education in Americanization

PHILANDER P. CLAXTON, Commissioner of Education Education is the fundamental thing in Americanization and of the elements comprising this fundamental, the first is instruction in the English language. This tongue is the common means of expression - the literature, the statutes, state and national constitutions, the newspapers, the very signs of instruction and warning being printed in English. Without a knowledge of the