((1) [U.S.] Department of State. Publication 3392. Department and foreign service series, 5.)

General discussion of State Department and the coordination of foreign policy, plus analysis of Greek-Turkish aid program as a case study in coordination.

[Notter, Harley] Postwar foreign policy preparation, 1939-1945. Washington, 1949. 726 p. ([U.S.] Department of State. Publication 3580. General foreign policy series, 15.)

"Documented record of the planning and preparation in the Department of State during the Second World War for postwar international organization."

Steiner, Zara S. The State Department and the Foreign Service; The Wriston Report-four years later. Princeton, Princeton University, Center of International Studies, 1958. 57 p. (Memorandum No. 16.)

The need for reform of the Foreign Service; Hoover Commission recommendations; the Wriston Report; and results and evaluation of the "Wristonization" of the Foreign Service.

2. ARTICLES

Bolles, Blair. Reorganization of the State Department. Foreign Policy Reports, v. 23, Aug. 15, 1947: 134–143.

The Department of State, 1930-1955: expanding functions and responsibilities. Department of State bulletin, v. 32, Mar. 21, 1955: 470-486.

Dulles, John Foster. Functions and authorities of Department officers. Department of State Bulletin, v. 31, Aug. 23, 1954:

285-286.

Elder, Robert E. Country desk officer: low man on the totem pole. Foreign Service Journal, v. 35, May 1958: 38-46; June 1958: 18-21.

"*** provides considerable insight into the day-to-day coordination of foreign policy making and implementation in the State Department and also in regard to the National Security Council and Operations Coordinating Board."

Elder, Robert E. The Public Studies Division of the Department of State: public opinion analysts in the formulation and conduct of American foreign policy. Western Political Quarterly, v. 10, December 1957: 783-792.

Review of the organization and activities of a division within the Department of State which attempts to analyze the views of the public on certain aspects of foreign policy.

Gordon, Lincoln. Organization for the conduct of foreign policy. Foreign Service Journal, v. 32, August 1955: 18-20, 46-48. Hale, William Harlan. The loneliest man in Washington. Reporter, v. 15, Oct. 18, 1956: 11-16.

An article on John Foster Dulles and what he has done to the State Department. Author says he has not really administered the Department because he travels so much. Hence, many policy decisions tend to be made by men like Herbert Hoover, Jr., whose views differ.

Knowland, William F. Meetings held by State Department officials with bipartisan congressional groups. Congressional Record [daily ed.] v. 103, Feb. 7, 1957: 1579-1583.

List, prepared by the State Department, of meetings held by the Secretary of State and other principal officers of the State Department with Members of both the House and Senate during 1953, 1954, 1955, and 1956. Laski, H. J. American President and foreign relations. Journal of Politics, v. 11, February 1949: 190-194.

On the importance of the State Department.

Laves, Walter H. C., and Francis O. Wilcox. The reorganization of the Department of State. American Political Science Review, v. 38, April 1944: 289-301.

McCamy, J. L. People of the State Department and Foreign Service. American Political Science Review, v. 48, December 1954: 1067-1082.

Nicholas, H. G. The American Secretary of State. Listener, v. 61, June 4, 1959: 969-971.

"*** the President now appears ** as only the centre of a series of concentric rings of which by far the nearest and most important is the Secretary of State. The world *** is now conscious of the potency and dimensions of the office, and views a change in its incumbent as only one degree less significant than a change in the tenancy of the White House itself. How has this come about? Are we right to see the Secretary of State in these impressive terms?"

Osborne, John. Is the State Department manageable? Fortune, v. 55, March 1957: 110-113, 267-276.

"The stupendous world business of the U.S. defies the best efforts of devoted men to keep it under executive control. How good is their best? This is the first of three articles on the State Dept. and Foreign Service." The Policy Planning Staff -what it is—what it does. Foreign Service Newsletter, v. 123, May 1957: 4-6.

"Brief and factual. Notes functions of the Staff in foreign policy coordination and its participation in the National Security Planning Board as the State Department representative."

Reorganization of the Department of State: implementing the recommendations of the Hoover Commission. Department of State Bulletin, v. 24, Jan. 1, 1951: 37-39.

Describes major structural changes.

Saltzman, Charles E. The reorganization of the American Foreign Service. Department of State Bulletin, Sept. 27, 1954: 436–446.

Speech delivered by the Under Secretary of State for Administration, on the reorganization of the Foreign Service as of 1954.

Shannon, W. V. Secret brain trust of the U.S.: Russian desk. United Nations World, v. 5, June 1951: 18-20.

Stuart, G. H. A streamlined State Department: the effects of reorganization. Current History, v. 18, February 1950: 71-75. Webb, J. E. U.S. organization for the conduct of foreign affairs. Department of State Bulletin, v. 24, Feb. 12, 1951: 273-276.

"Brief review of the work and problems of the Dept. of State."

White, Lincoln. The News Division of the Department of State. Department of State Bulletin, v. 40, June 22, 1959: 921-925.

The goals of the News Division of the State Department and how it functions in order to achieve these aims.

D. THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

1. BOOKS

Association of the United States Army. The security of the nation; a study of current problems of national defense. Washington [1957]. 29 p.

"Appended: The Key West Agreement; Functions of the Armed Forces and the Joint Chiefs of Staff (Oct. 1, 1953); Memorandum of Understanding Relating to Army Organic Aviation (Nov. 4, 1952); and Memorandum from Secretary of Defense: Clarification of Roles and Missions (Nov. 26, 1956)."

Biadasz, Francis E. Proposals for defense reorganization; analysis and evaluation. [Washington] Naval War College [1958]. 107,

10 p.

Deals with the Defense Reorganization Act of 1958.

Brown, Alvin. The armor of organization; a rational plan of organization for the armed forces and, as a preliminary thereto, an inquiry into the origins of existing military organization. New York, Hibbert Print. Co. [1953]. 597 p.

"Critical review of the present organization of the armed forces; the historical developments that led up to the obvious deficiencies, such as lack of delegation of responsibilities and the neglect of a functional organization. Based on the principles of administration, a new organization is proposed in some detail."

Cline, Ray S. Washington command post: the Operations Division. Washington, Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, 1951. 413 p.

"A rich source of information on military administration. Deals with planning, central control of far-flung military forces, international military conferences, and related matters ***"

De Witt, Harry M. The background and developments in the organization for national security. [Washington? 1952 or 1953.] 75 1.

A series of essays dealing with the history and key problems of American military organization.

Green, Constance (McLaughlin), Harry C. Thomson, and Peter C. Roots. The Ordnance Department. Washington, Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army, 1955- v.

"*** the story of the behind-the-scenes work of designing and developing the U.S. Army's fighting equipment for World War II * * *. The place of the Ordnance Department within the military framework and its task in World War II ***"

Hittle, James D. The military staff, its history and development. [Rev. ed.] Harrisburg, Pa., Military Service Pub. Co., 1949. 286 p.

Chapter 5, on "The United States Staff," gives a good historical account of top-level American military management.

Job-concept of the civilian secretary. Harvard Defense Policy Seminar Serial No. 93, Nov. 8, 1956.

A symposium on the role of civilian officials as heads of military departments.

Kintner, William R. Forging a new sword. New York, Harper & Bros., 1958. 238 p.

Examines "the evolution of the Department of Defense in relation to the American society which created it and which it, in turn, serves * * *. Its subject is in a sense the process whereby human beings work together in a gigantic enterprise: the defense of the United States."

Leach, W. Barton. The job of a Service Secretary. Harvard Defense Policy Seminar Serial No. 103, December 1956.

An analysis of the jobs of the Secretary of Defense, the Service Secretaries, the Under Secretaries, and the Assistant Secretaries within the Department of Defense.

Leach, W. Barton, and H. H. Ransom. Department of Defense reorganization-1958. Harvard Defense Policy Seminar Serial No. 131, Oct. 6, 1958. (Note especially footnote references citing the principal sources for debate on this issue.)

A discussion of the principles and issues involved in the Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1958.

McClendon, Robert Earl. Changes in organization for national defense, 1949-1953. [Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala.] Documentary Research Division Research Studies Institute, Air University, 1956. 86 p. 86 p. ([U.S.] Air University. Documentary research study, AU-256-54-RSI.)

Detailed description of the National Security Organization as of 1949, proposals for and miscellaneous changes in the national security structure, Reorganization Plan No. 6 of 1953, and changes incident to Reorganization Plan No. 6.

Mason, Bayley F. The composition and role of the Navy. Harvard Defense Policy Serial No. 78, September 1956.

Mosher, Frederick C. Program budgeting: theory and practice, with particular_reference to the U.S. Department of the Army. [Chicago] Public Administration Service [1954]. 258 p.

Very valuable and detailed study of the military budget process and military administration.

Nelson, Otto L. National security and the General staff. Washington, Infantry Journal Press [1946]. 608 p.

Partial contents: Defeats in War Department organization at the outset of World War II. The War Department reorganization of March 9, 1942. War Department and Army developments during World War II. The General Staff during World War II.

Ransom, Harry Howe. Government secrecy and national security: an analysis. Harvard Defense Policy Seminar Serial No. 123, January 1958.

A brief history and discussion of some of the principles and problems involved.

Rockefeller Brothers Fund. International security, the military aspect; report of panel II of the Special Studies Project. Garden

City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1958. 63 p. (Its Special studies report, 2)

Partial contents: Defense organization. Budget for national security. Stanley, Timothy W. American defense and national security. Foreword by Robert Cutler. Washington, Public Affairs Press [1956]. 202 p.

"*** Tells the story of the most significant developments in the national security structure during the past 10 years***. It carefully analyzes the policies and operations of the National Security Council and the role of the Department of Defense as the instrument of unification of the services ***"

Sulzberger, Arthur O. The Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1941-1954 (S-A235.3) Washington, U.S. Marine Corps Institute, 1954. 88 p.

An invaluable description of the development of the Joint Chiefs of Staff up to 1954. 2. ARTICLES

Alsop, Stewart. Conflict of loyalties. Washington Post, Jan. 17, 1958: A17.

Assessment of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in the light of the President's appointment of a committee to consider Defense Department reorganization.

Baldwin, Hanson W. Changes in Joint Chiefs. New York Times, June 1, 1955: 16.

"An analysis of President's shake-up with its effect on morale of services." Baldwin, Hanson W. Joint Chiefs-fulcrum of the "Islands" debate. New York Times, Apr. 10, 1955: 3E.

"Quemoy-Matsu, budget disputes, point up role of military leaders." Baldwin, Hanson W. Role of Joint Chiefs under debate again. New York Times, July 5, 1959: 8E.

"Taylor's criticisms raise issue of Pentagon decision-making."

Baldwin, Hanson W. Scope of command: Joint Chiefs' definition of the authority of unified operation heads called vital. New York Times, Feb. 5, 1959: 12.

Bolles, Blair. Joint Chiefs of Staff and U.S. policy. Foreign Policy Bulletin, v. 31, Mar. 15, 1952: 3.

Borklund, Bill. What is wrong with the budget process? Armed Forces Management, v. 5, February 1959: 12-13.

"At $40 billion a year, the Defense Budget is the largest single item in the country's spending. How this figure is determined, and the good and bad points of the system are given a thorough airing in this article."

Brannen, Phillip Barry. A single service: perennial issue in national defense. U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings, v. 83, December

1957: 1280-1287.

A case for the "deliberative processes and the checks and balances of the Joint Chiefs of Staff."

Burke, Arleigh A. Address ***before the National Press Club, Jan. 6, 1958. In extension of remarks of Bob Wilson. gressional Record (daily ed.), v. 104, Jan. 8, 1958: A68-A69.

Con

The Admiral's remarks opposing the "establishment of a military dictatorship under the guise of a so-called single staff system of leadership for the Armed Forces."